{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404809420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3507856","title":"Improving IoRT Networks: Cross-Tier Resource Allocation for Multi-Antenna UAV Relays in SAGIN","display_name":"Improving IoRT Networks: Cross-Tier Resource Allocation for Multi-Antenna UAV Relays in SAGIN","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404809420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3507856"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3507856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3507856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3507856","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zahra Khodadadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6670-9189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170013655","display_name":"Isfahan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00af3sa43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zahra Khodadadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6670-9189","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102907627","display_name":"Foroogh S. Tabataba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6383-0659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170013655","display_name":"Isfahan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00af3sa43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Foroogh S. Tabataba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6383-0659","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067586371","display_name":"Mohammad Sadegh Fazel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170013655","display_name":"Isfahan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00af3sa43","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Sadegh Fazel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9116-5211","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170013655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055228818","display_name":"Mehdi Naderi Soorki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1940-1341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196051555","display_name":"Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz","ror":"https://ror.org/01k3mbs15","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196051555"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehdi Naderi Soorki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Laboratory of Intelligent Wireless Networks (IWiN), Engineering Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran","Engineering Faculty, research laboratory of Intelligent Wireless Networks (IWiN), Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Laboratory of Intelligent Wireless Networks (IWiN), Engineering Faculty, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196051555"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Faculty, research laboratory of Intelligent Wireless Networks (IWiN), Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196051555"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035446029","display_name":"Halim Yan\u0131k\u00f6mero\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4776-9354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67031392","display_name":"Carleton University","ror":"https://ror.org/02qtvee93","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Halim Yanikomeroglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) Laboratory, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada","Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) Lab, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4776-9354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) Laboratory, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems and Computer Engineering, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) Lab, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67031392"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.3436,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95087711,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"179748","last_page":"179763"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.967199981212616,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9534000158309937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6981946229934692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.5998407006263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.4770599901676178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4469444453716278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.41540688276290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.408069908618927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21771377325057983}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6981946229934692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5998407006263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.4770599901676178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4469444453716278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.41540688276290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.408069908618927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21771377325057983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3507856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3507856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c8e45623bdb748aabf65e8da43e02d9b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c8e45623bdb748aabf65e8da43e02d9b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 179748-179763 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3507856","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3507856","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595252221","https://openalex.org/W1638986631","https://openalex.org/W1639008916","https://openalex.org/W1972485395","https://openalex.org/W2007193508","https://openalex.org/W2077077439","https://openalex.org/W2136825465","https://openalex.org/W2295566694","https://openalex.org/W2570485842","https://openalex.org/W2724168386","https://openalex.org/W2741668564","https://openalex.org/W2782685534","https://openalex.org/W2803565980","https://openalex.org/W2805161269","https://openalex.org/W2885673822","https://openalex.org/W2885986500","https://openalex.org/W2891339338","https://openalex.org/W2907417129","https://openalex.org/W2919225749","https://openalex.org/W2970164408","https://openalex.org/W2977524535","https://openalex.org/W2986614523","https://openalex.org/W2995092762","https://openalex.org/W3016171125","https://openalex.org/W3022527688","https://openalex.org/W3037523741","https://openalex.org/W3037978248","https://openalex.org/W3096315689","https://openalex.org/W3117743162","https://openalex.org/W3120420594","https://openalex.org/W3121030234","https://openalex.org/W3156195074","https://openalex.org/W3160105239","https://openalex.org/W3193872239","https://openalex.org/W3213309108","https://openalex.org/W4200039509","https://openalex.org/W4207063909","https://openalex.org/W4210580908","https://openalex.org/W4212955760","https://openalex.org/W4221052923","https://openalex.org/W4224228169","https://openalex.org/W4238484605","https://openalex.org/W4285189503","https://openalex.org/W4286579117","https://openalex.org/W4293221718","https://openalex.org/W4308125381","https://openalex.org/W4312256454","https://openalex.org/W4312971400","https://openalex.org/W4320718946","https://openalex.org/W4362683502","https://openalex.org/W4391972387","https://openalex.org/W4394564075","https://openalex.org/W4399705228","https://openalex.org/W4400645060"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2923452570","https://openalex.org/W206598027","https://openalex.org/W2978610750","https://openalex.org/W2022931285","https://openalex.org/W1589966275","https://openalex.org/W2086872282","https://openalex.org/W2137789903","https://openalex.org/W2138781885","https://openalex.org/W2153007255","https://openalex.org/W2362797233"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"response":[1],"to":[2,67,77,128,154,183],"reducing":[3,7],"power":[4,91,99,186,205,210,223,236],"consumption":[5,92,187,206,237],"while":[6],"equipment":[8],"and":[9,36,58,87,103,117,133,207],"maintaining":[10],"high":[11],"data":[12,71],"rate":[13],"requirements":[14],"in":[15,211],"Space-Air-Ground":[16],"Integrated":[17],"Networks":[18],"(SAGIN)":[19],"as":[20,181,234],"part":[21],"of":[22,25,60,82,85,145,169,195,229,232],"the":[23,79,83,88,130,155,167,193,198,212,227,230],"Internet":[24],"Remote":[26],"Things":[27],"(IoRT)":[28],"networks,":[29],"this":[30],"paper":[31],"proposes":[32],"a":[33,123],"system":[34,213],"model":[35],"optimization":[37,74,214],"scheme.":[38],"Our":[39,136],"modified":[40],"architecture":[41],"features":[42],"multi-antenna":[43],"Unmanned":[44],"Aerial":[45],"Vehicle":[46],"(UAV)":[47],"relays,":[48],"gateway":[49,101],"selection":[50,228],"among":[51],"existing":[52],"UAVs":[53,178],"for":[54,171],"communication":[55],"with":[56],"satellite,":[57],"integration":[59],"Free":[61],"Space":[62],"Optic":[63],"(FSO)":[64],"space":[65],"links":[66],"enhance":[68],"air-space":[69],"link":[70],"rates.":[72],"The":[73,217],"problem":[75],"aims":[76],"minimize":[78,184],"weighted":[80],"sum":[81],"number":[84,168,194,231],"gateways":[86,170,182],"total":[89,203],"UAV":[90,96,98,185,204],"by":[93,149],"jointly":[94,107],"optimizing":[95],"deployment,":[97],"allocation,":[100],"selection,":[102],"channel":[104],"allocation.":[105],"By":[106],"adopting":[108],"proposed":[109,131,151,164],"size-constrained":[110],"PSO-K-means":[111],"clustering,":[112],"Simulated":[113],"Annealing":[114],"(SA)":[115],"method,":[116,122],"Successive":[118],"Convex":[119],"Approximation":[120],"(SCA)":[121],"two-stage":[124],"scheme":[125,152],"is":[126,147,160,215,238],"devised":[127],"solve":[129],"NP-hard":[132],"non-convex":[134],"problem.":[135],"simulation":[137],"results":[138,218],"indicate":[139,219],"that":[140,220],"an":[141],"average":[142],"performance":[143,199],"improvement":[144],"44%":[146],"achieved":[148],"our":[150,163],"compared":[153],"case":[156],"where":[157],"only":[158,208],"clustering":[159],"performed.":[161],"Furthermore,":[162],"solution":[165],"finds":[166],"different":[172],"scenarios.":[173],"For":[174],"instance,":[175],"almost":[176],"all":[177],"are":[179],"selected":[180],"without":[188],"considering":[189,202],"any":[190],"constraint":[191],"on":[192],"gateways.":[196],"Moreover,":[197],"difference":[200],"between":[201],"transmission":[209,242],"shown.":[216],"taking":[221],"circuit":[222,235],"into":[224],"account":[225],"influences":[226],"gateways,":[233],"substantially":[239],"higher":[240],"than":[241],"power.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}