{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404688441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3505754","title":"Strategies and Challenges for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Continuous Inspection and Predictive Maintenance of Solar Modules","display_name":"Strategies and Challenges for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Based Continuous Inspection and Predictive Maintenance of Solar Modules","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404688441","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3505754"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3505754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3505754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3505754","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020683219","display_name":"Ghulam E Mustafa Abro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1874-1889"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ghulam E. Mustafa Abro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Aviation & Space Exploration (IRCASE), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1874-1889","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Aviation & Space Exploration (IRCASE), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100687003","display_name":"Amjad Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3610-9716"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amjad Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Research Center for Sustainable Energy Systems (IRC-SES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3610-9716","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Research Center for Sustainable Energy Systems (IRC-SES), King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072292929","display_name":"Sufyan Ali Memon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5592-9990"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28777354","display_name":"Sejong University","ror":"https://ror.org/00aft1q37","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sufyan Ali Memon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Defense Systems Engineering, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu Seoul, Republic of Korea","Department of Defense Systems Engineering, Sejong university, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5592-9990","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Defense Systems Engineering, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Defense Systems Engineering, Sejong university, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28777354"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067324884","display_name":"Tayab Din Memon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8122-5647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142395","display_name":"Torrens University Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/0351xae06","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210142395"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tayab Din Memon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Artificial Intelligence Research and Optimization (AIRO), Design and Creative Technology Vertical, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, Australia","Center for Artificial Intelligence Research and Optimization (AIRO), Design and Creative Technology Vertical, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8122-5647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence Research and Optimization (AIRO), Design and Creative Technology Vertical, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142395"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Artificial Intelligence Research and Optimization (AIRO), Design and Creative Technology Vertical, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142395"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071662846","display_name":"Faheem Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6220-0225"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12832649","display_name":"Gachon University","ror":"https://ror.org/03ryywt80","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faheem Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6220-0225","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, Gachon University, Seongnam-si, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12832649"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":7.3067,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97463488,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"176615","last_page":"176629"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.8794999718666077,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.8794999718666077,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5717446208000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeronautics","display_name":"Aeronautics","score":0.3486096262931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.3320654332637787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.330044686794281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20092737674713135}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5717446208000183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.3486096262931824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.3320654332637787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.330044686794281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20092737674713135}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3505754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3505754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ef1a569d48a545e985688e8f42c8e3a3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ef1a569d48a545e985688e8f42c8e3a3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 176615-176629 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/30143887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal contribution"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3505754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3505754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1514281749","https://openalex.org/W1609485075","https://openalex.org/W2047621240","https://openalex.org/W2162619157","https://openalex.org/W2243575820","https://openalex.org/W2248662458","https://openalex.org/W2326046929","https://openalex.org/W2379354547","https://openalex.org/W2406907097","https://openalex.org/W2539370512","https://openalex.org/W2558161806","https://openalex.org/W2583230358","https://openalex.org/W2597357256","https://openalex.org/W2599992183","https://openalex.org/W2612017976","https://openalex.org/W2615933803","https://openalex.org/W2616219098","https://openalex.org/W2617653766","https://openalex.org/W2770835535","https://openalex.org/W2794284562","https://openalex.org/W2805284364","https://openalex.org/W2805871501","https://openalex.org/W2889331958","https://openalex.org/W2901722213","https://openalex.org/W2901752096","https://openalex.org/W2903813308","https://openalex.org/W2940612399","https://openalex.org/W2963060806","https://openalex.org/W2971194575","https://openalex.org/W2974809093","https://openalex.org/W2975992967","https://openalex.org/W2979053968","https://openalex.org/W2984212836","https://openalex.org/W2995283502","https://openalex.org/W3004904391","https://openalex.org/W3017014515","https://openalex.org/W3020655189","https://openalex.org/W3022022522","https://openalex.org/W3033348336","https://openalex.org/W3042758987","https://openalex.org/W3045397634","https://openalex.org/W3089054157","https://openalex.org/W3093073737","https://openalex.org/W3111532558","https://openalex.org/W3112490813","https://openalex.org/W3131169444","https://openalex.org/W3134507216","https://openalex.org/W3134813662","https://openalex.org/W3167640521","https://openalex.org/W3172607123","https://openalex.org/W3174924025","https://openalex.org/W3185045855","https://openalex.org/W3197462702","https://openalex.org/W3201272818","https://openalex.org/W3203727370","https://openalex.org/W3206795908","https://openalex.org/W3209285380","https://openalex.org/W4200007164","https://openalex.org/W4206067571","https://openalex.org/W4288391519","https://openalex.org/W4291000747","https://openalex.org/W4292074950","https://openalex.org/W4294691160","https://openalex.org/W4302425360","https://openalex.org/W4307449372","https://openalex.org/W4319978228","https://openalex.org/W4324107204","https://openalex.org/W4376647248","https://openalex.org/W4385765745","https://openalex.org/W4387971691","https://openalex.org/W4387974474","https://openalex.org/W4388952605","https://openalex.org/W4390463192","https://openalex.org/W4390533593","https://openalex.org/W4390885351","https://openalex.org/W4390956158","https://openalex.org/W4391285632","https://openalex.org/W4391406170","https://openalex.org/W4391418223","https://openalex.org/W4391430311","https://openalex.org/W4391741622","https://openalex.org/W4392102434","https://openalex.org/W4392213821","https://openalex.org/W4392436512","https://openalex.org/W4392709565","https://openalex.org/W4392876328","https://openalex.org/W4392909051","https://openalex.org/W4392917663","https://openalex.org/W4395115139","https://openalex.org/W4396734008","https://openalex.org/W4399174118","https://openalex.org/W4401078668","https://openalex.org/W4401508643","https://openalex.org/W4402278026","https://openalex.org/W4402395432","https://openalex.org/W6669567237","https://openalex.org/W6685639393","https://openalex.org/W6730738134","https://openalex.org/W6780274753","https://openalex.org/W6847462429","https://openalex.org/W6851134474"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,108],"integration":[1],"of":[2,24,37,49,89,126,165,183],"solar":[3,26,38,69,170],"energy":[4,8],"into":[5],"the":[6,21,28,47,86,124,138,163,179],"global":[7],"mix":[9],"is":[10],"more":[11],"prevalent":[12],"owing":[13],"to":[14,75,110],"its":[15],"sustainability":[16],"and":[17,32,35,58,98,113,146,173,181],"ecological":[18],"advantages.":[19],"With":[20],"fast":[22],"expansion":[23],"large-scale":[25],"farms,":[27],"necessity":[29,125],"for":[30,46,65,149,177],"efficient":[31,63],"dependable":[33],"maintenance":[34],"monitoring":[36],"modules":[39],"has":[40],"grown":[41],"significantly.":[42],"This":[43,160],"study":[44,161],"advocates":[45],"utilization":[48],"unmanned":[50],"aerial":[51],"vehicles":[52],"(UAVs)":[53],"outfitted":[54],"with":[55],"thermal":[56,112],"imagers":[57],"visible-light":[59],"cameras":[60],"as":[61,93],"an":[62],"method":[64],"identifying":[66],"flaws":[67],"in":[68,104,137],"photovoltaic":[70,184],"(PV)":[71],"modules.":[72],"In":[73],"contrast":[74],"conventional":[76],"inspection":[77,130],"techniques,":[78],"UAV-based":[79],"photography":[80],"provides":[81],"continuous,":[82],"real-time":[83],"surveillance,":[84],"facilitating":[85],"rapid":[87],"detection":[88],"potential":[90],"defects":[91],"such":[92],"cell":[94],"malfunctions,":[95],"fractures,":[96],"shading,":[97],"string":[99],"failures,":[100],"which":[101],"may":[102],"result":[103],"substantial":[105],"financial":[106],"losses.":[107],"choice":[109],"prioritize":[111],"visual":[114],"imaging":[115],"above":[116],"mathematical":[117],"modeling":[118],"or":[119,157],"optimization":[120,158],"algorithms":[121],"arises":[122],"from":[123],"delivering":[127],"practical,":[128],"scalable":[129],"solutions":[131],"that":[132],"can":[133],"be":[134],"readily":[135],"implemented":[136],"field.":[139],"Our":[140],"review":[141],"paper":[142],"emphasizes":[143,162],"instant":[144],"functionality":[145],"practical":[147],"insights":[148],"predictive":[150],"maintenance,":[151],"without":[152],"necessitating":[153],"complex":[154],"computing":[155],"resources":[156],"tools.":[159],"significance":[164],"early":[166],"defect":[167],"identification":[168],"on":[169],"farm":[171],"efficiency":[172],"delineates":[174],"a":[175],"strategy":[176],"improving":[178],"reliability":[180],"cost-effectiveness":[182],"module":[185],"inspections":[186],"via":[187],"UAV":[188],"technology.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-06-12T08:23:45.883708","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}