{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404576903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3504266","title":"Enhancing Medical Image Classification Through PSO-Optimized Dual Deterministic Approach and Robust Transfer Learning","display_name":"Enhancing Medical Image Classification Through PSO-Optimized Dual Deterministic Approach and Robust Transfer Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404576903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3504266"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3504266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3504266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3504266","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101533702","display_name":"Asif Raza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-0627"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4528857","display_name":"University of Kuala Lumpur","ror":"https://ror.org/026wwrx19","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Asif Raza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Kuala Lumpur—Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","Universiti Kuala Lumpur - Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2340-0627","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur—Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur - Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058676690","display_name":"Shahrulniza Musa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4867-5085"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4528857","display_name":"University of Kuala Lumpur","ror":"https://ror.org/026wwrx19","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shahrulniza Bin Musa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Kuala Lumpur—Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","Universiti Kuala Lumpur - Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4867-5085","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur—Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur - Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113818023","display_name":"Ahmad Shahrafidz Bin Khalid","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4528857","display_name":"University of Kuala Lumpur","ror":"https://ror.org/026wwrx19","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Shahrafidz Bin Khalid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Kuala Lumpur—Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","Universiti Kuala Lumpur - Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur—Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Kuala Lumpur - Malaysian Institute of Information Technology (UniKL MIIT), Jalan Sultan Ismail, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4528857"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080030634","display_name":"Muhammad Mansoor Alam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5773-7140"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Mansoor Alam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078925693","display_name":"Mazliham Mohd Su\u2019ud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9975-4483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","display_name":"Multimedia University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrbnc33","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mazliham Mohd Su'ud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9975-4483","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089679212","display_name":"Fouzia Noor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800672702","display_name":"Combined Military Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/05mya2w74","country_code":"PK","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800672702"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fouzia Noor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Diagnostic and Radiology, Combined Military Hospital, Malir Cantonment, Karachi, Pakistan","Combined Military Hospital, Department of Diagnostic and Radiology Malir Cantt, Karachi, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Diagnostic and Radiology, Combined Military Hospital, Malir Cantonment, Karachi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800672702"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Combined Military Hospital, Department of Diagnostic and Radiology Malir Cantt, Karachi, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800672702"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9985,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77159564,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"177144","last_page":"177159"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.8725000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.8725000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.7792999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13693","display_name":"Smart Systems and Machine Learning","score":0.7451000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6579673290252686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6035807132720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.5905627012252808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.5332762002944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.49808287620544434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.40557336807250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3721550703048706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.36551418900489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.34272125363349915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2010158896446228}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6579673290252686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6035807132720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.5905627012252808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.5332762002944946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.49808287620544434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40557336807250977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3721550703048706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.36551418900489807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.34272125363349915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2010158896446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3504266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3504266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:shdl.mmu.edu.my:13288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196753","display_name":"Siti Hasmah Digital Library-MMU Institutiona Repository (Multimedia University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I173029219","host_organization_name":"Multimedia University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173029219"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:02252cad2a1c4143a57545eebe489396","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/02252cad2a1c4143a57545eebe489396","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 177144-177159 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3504266","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3504266","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986614398","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2617669016","https://openalex.org/W2912290085","https://openalex.org/W2998946577","https://openalex.org/W3006086117","https://openalex.org/W3039513141","https://openalex.org/W3087300877","https://openalex.org/W3107194210","https://openalex.org/W3134321748","https://openalex.org/W3139271288","https://openalex.org/W3179944039","https://openalex.org/W3204628622","https://openalex.org/W4214659508","https://openalex.org/W4220868027","https://openalex.org/W4220879402","https://openalex.org/W4224263877","https://openalex.org/W4229078282","https://openalex.org/W4253572110","https://openalex.org/W4281992852","https://openalex.org/W4282928658","https://openalex.org/W4288075572","https://openalex.org/W4293203209","https://openalex.org/W4311717644","https://openalex.org/W4320000111","https://openalex.org/W4360994456","https://openalex.org/W4362496756","https://openalex.org/W4367360502","https://openalex.org/W4383751079","https://openalex.org/W4385420203","https://openalex.org/W4385448168","https://openalex.org/W4385520129","https://openalex.org/W4387103552","https://openalex.org/W4387356170","https://openalex.org/W4388190812","https://openalex.org/W4390941945","https://openalex.org/W4391780569","https://openalex.org/W4392152079","https://openalex.org/W4392194228","https://openalex.org/W4394625873","https://openalex.org/W4394781921","https://openalex.org/W4400281532","https://openalex.org/W4402664244","https://openalex.org/W4402816854","https://openalex.org/W6849991420"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3201126466","https://openalex.org/W2352553236","https://openalex.org/W3176438653","https://openalex.org/W2981628807","https://openalex.org/W3012393889","https://openalex.org/W3189091156","https://openalex.org/W4386087993","https://openalex.org/W3014041368","https://openalex.org/W4285815841","https://openalex.org/W3193641238"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Effective":[0],"transfer":[1,49],"learning,":[2],"within":[3],"medical":[4,26],"image":[5,120,137,154],"classification,":[6],"is":[7,110,145],"probably":[8],"one":[9],"of":[10,15,25,35,65,116,130,132,197,227,291,301,324],"the":[11,19,23,32,98,114,128,164,173,184,195,243,255,260,285],"most":[12],"critical":[13],"areas":[14],"research":[16],"due":[17],"to":[18,45,85,100,148,183,186],"associated":[20],"complexities":[21],"with":[22,55,214,217,273,297],"nature":[24],"images.":[27],"These":[28],"involve":[29],"variations":[30],"in":[31,94,113,127,135,179,194,263],"acquisition":[33],"techniques":[34],"images,":[36],"resolutions,":[37],"modalities,":[38,70],"and":[39,74,118,122,142,150,167,189,225,271,275,289,293,299,303,309,315,322,326,335,342,348],"patient":[40],"demographics.":[41],"This":[42],"study":[43,282],"aims":[44],"develop":[46],"a":[47,146,152,209],"robust":[48,87,153],"learning":[50,80,181],"model":[51,81,99,156,212,221],"by":[52,171],"combining":[53],"Mobile-Net":[54,211],"Particle":[56],"Swarm":[57],"Optimization,":[58],"called":[59],"MOB-CFPSO":[60,258,286],"that":[61,90,161,254,284],"classifies":[62],"efficiently":[63],"variety":[64],"datasets":[66,138,160],"across":[67],"heterogenic":[68,136,159],"dataset":[69],"including":[71],"colored,":[72],"black,":[73],"white":[75],"datasets.":[76,236],"A":[77,279],"high-performing":[78],"machine":[79],"needs":[82],"enough":[83],"data":[84],"enable":[86],"feature":[88],"extraction":[89],"can":[91],"identify":[92],"patterns":[93],"each":[95],"class,":[96],"allowing":[97],"differentiate":[101],"between":[102],"different":[103],"classes":[104],"accurately.":[105],"The":[106,251],"current":[107],"statistical":[108],"algorithm":[109,262],"less":[111],"effective":[112],"case":[115],"colored":[117],"black":[119],"classification":[121,129,155,169,232],"they":[123],"also":[124],"produce":[125],"errors":[126],"findings":[131],"obvious":[133],"disease":[134,231],"e.g.":[139],"color,":[140],"Black,":[141],"white.":[143],"There":[144],"need":[147],"design":[149],"implement":[151],"based":[157],"on":[158,208,233],"will":[162],"reduce":[163],"error":[165,228],"rate":[166,229],"optimize":[168],"accuracy":[170,223,295,328],"using":[172],"Transfer":[174],"Learning":[175],"technique.":[176],"Model":[177,257],"robustness":[178],"deep":[180],"refers":[182],"capacity":[185],"sustain":[187],"performance":[188],"deliver":[190],"accurate":[191],"predictions,":[192],"even":[193],"face":[196],"uncertainties,":[198],"disturbances,":[199],"or":[200],"adversarial":[201],"conditions.":[202],"Two":[203],"separate":[204],"experiments":[205],"are":[206],"conducted":[207],"pre-trained":[210],"along":[213],"Modified":[215],"PSO":[216],"constriction":[218],"factor":[219],"for":[220,230],"optimization,":[222],"enhancement,":[224],"reduction":[226],"two":[234],"distinct":[235],"DR":[237,318],"Dataset":[238,319],"comprised":[239],"10":[240],"distinct,":[241],"whereas":[242,330],"MRI":[244,281],"brain":[245],"tumor":[246],"included":[247],"8":[248],"various":[249],"classes.":[250],"results":[252],"showed":[253,283],"proposed":[256],"exceeds":[259],"state-of-the-art":[261],"datasets,":[264],"achieving":[265],"high":[266],"accuracy,":[267],"robustness,":[268],"precision,":[269],"recall,":[270],"F1-score,":[272],"acceptable":[274],"favorable":[276],"validation":[277,294,302,327,331],"loss.":[278,305],"comprehensive":[280],"achieved":[287,320],"100%":[288],"99.86%":[290],"training":[292,304,325,336],"respectively,":[296],"0.0071%":[298,300],"However,":[306],"Precision,":[307,340],"Recall,":[308,341],"F1":[310,343],"scores":[311],"were":[312,345],"100%,":[313,314,316],"respectively.":[317,350],"95.09%":[321],"97.66%":[323],"respectively":[329],"loss":[332,337],"was":[333,338],"0.1902%,":[334],"0.2469%.":[339],"score":[344],"98.3%,":[346],"92.4%,":[347],"95.3%":[349]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}