{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404125276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3493379","title":"Analysis of Financial Penalties for Low Power Factor in Distribution Systems With High Penetration of Photovoltaics","display_name":"Analysis of Financial Penalties for Low Power Factor in Distribution Systems With High Penetration of Photovoltaics","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404125276","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3493379"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3493379","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3493379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3493379","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077434264","display_name":"Darlene J. Dullius","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2613-718X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71715416","display_name":"Universidade Federal do ABC","ror":"https://ror.org/028kg9j04","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Darlene J. Dullius","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil","Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2613-718X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091703208","display_name":"Victor Gabriel Borges","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71715416","display_name":"Universidade Federal do ABC","ror":"https://ror.org/028kg9j04","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Gabriel Borges","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil","Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019072294","display_name":"Renzo Vargas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2287-1571"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Renzo Vargas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Energy and Environment, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil","Institute of Energy and Environment, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2287-1571","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Energy and Environment, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Energy and Environment, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093357851","display_name":"Caitlin Gusk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7947594","display_name":"University of Maine","ror":"https://ror.org/01adr0w49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802397601","https://openalex.org/I7947594"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caitlin Gusk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Maine (UMaine), Orono, ME, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the College of Engineering, University of Maine (UMaine), Orono, ME, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Maine (UMaine), Orono, ME, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7947594"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the College of Engineering, University of Maine (UMaine), Orono, ME, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7947594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044965116","display_name":"Reinaldo Tonkoski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3057-1085"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7947594","display_name":"University of Maine","ror":"https://ror.org/01adr0w49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802397601","https://openalex.org/I7947594"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Reinaldo Tonkoski","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Maine (UMaine), Orono, ME, USA","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the College of Engineering, University of Maine (UMaine), Orono, ME, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3057-1085","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, The University of Maine (UMaine), Orono, ME, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7947594"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering of the College of Engineering, University of Maine (UMaine), Orono, ME, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7947594"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085146232","display_name":"Joel D. Melo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5046-1890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71715416","display_name":"Universidade Federal do ABC","ror":"https://ror.org/028kg9j04","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joel D. Melo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil","Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5046-1890","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Engineering, Modeling and Applied Social Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71715416"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031474383","display_name":"Mahdi Pourakbari\u2010Kasmaei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4803-7753"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahdi Pourakbari Kasmaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Maarintie 8, Espoo, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4803-7753","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Aalto University, Maarintie 8, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.1421,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53556663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"169102","last_page":"169123"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14444","display_name":"Power Systems and Renewable Energy","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14444","display_name":"Power Systems and Renewable Energy","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2102","display_name":"Energy Engineering and Power Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12451","display_name":"Smart Grid and Power Systems","score":0.9803000092506409,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14276","display_name":"Power Systems and Technologies","score":0.9599000215530396,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaics","display_name":"Photovoltaics","score":0.7022519111633301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/penetration","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","score":0.6338034272193909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-factor","display_name":"Power factor","score":0.5342613458633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.4784005582332611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.35210278630256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.29971635341644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16036424040794373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07697761058807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.07640260457992554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.07486814260482788}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542589376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192127","display_name":"Photovoltaics","level":3,"score":0.7022519111633301},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80107235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162625","display_name":"Penetration (warfare)","level":2,"score":0.6338034272193909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64424096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750454","display_name":"Power factor","level":3,"score":0.5342613458633423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4784005582332611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.35210278630256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.29971635341644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16036424040794373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07697761058807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.07640260457992554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.07486814260482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3493379","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3493379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aaltodoc.aalto.fi:123456789/132108","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/83a1ed9d-0cb2-42a9-b43b-595b4b341c79","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401662","display_name":"Aaltodoc (Aalto University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","host_organization_name":"Aalto University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"A1 Alkuper\u00e4isartikkeli tieteellisess\u00e4 aikakauslehdess\u00e4"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:11df0a6020864d5b87025e13ba1693ad","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/11df0a6020864d5b87025e13ba1693ad","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 169102-169123 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3493379","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3493379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G122616829","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"88887.692379/2022-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","funder_display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2291921464","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023/17658-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320997","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4255625002","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#2021/08832-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320997","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4686814281","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021/08832-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320997","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4853119458","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"88887.709682/2022-00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","funder_display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G662572875","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"407244/2023-9","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","funder_display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7135408669","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#2023/17658-0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320997","funder_display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320997","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","ror":"https://ror.org/02ddkpn78"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321091","display_name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","ror":"https://ror.org/00x0ma614"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322025","display_name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","ror":"https://ror.org/03swz6y49"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338116","display_name":"Research Institute of Science and Technology for Society","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1606402766","https://openalex.org/W1963185969","https://openalex.org/W2130820962","https://openalex.org/W2204843238","https://openalex.org/W2281825775","https://openalex.org/W2319373792","https://openalex.org/W2560768910","https://openalex.org/W2751065211","https://openalex.org/W2777231339","https://openalex.org/W2810914890","https://openalex.org/W2998165177","https://openalex.org/W3000067701","https://openalex.org/W3004075452","https://openalex.org/W3006667311","https://openalex.org/W3008691797","https://openalex.org/W3030830546","https://openalex.org/W3044882859","https://openalex.org/W3087534616","https://openalex.org/W3097439798","https://openalex.org/W3107986901","https://openalex.org/W3124122401","https://openalex.org/W3197962527","https://openalex.org/W3202182432"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2740431185","https://openalex.org/W2111287004","https://openalex.org/W394760994","https://openalex.org/W2386968573","https://openalex.org/W2395064349","https://openalex.org/W2034374297","https://openalex.org/W423694295","https://openalex.org/W4310584159","https://openalex.org/W4285018765","https://openalex.org/W4391294956"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"countries":[1],"have":[2,29],"encouraged":[3],"the":[4,16,20,25,49,53,58,88,118,139,148,165,169,179,186,200,208,227,231,253],"installation":[5],"of":[6,19,55,84,120,141,150,168,189,196],"photovoltaic":[7],"(PV)":[8],"systems":[9,32],"in":[10,161,182,185,199,252],"urban":[11],"areas":[12],"to":[13,15,33,62,80,116,137,153,225,241,248],"contribute":[14],"decarbonization":[17],"goals":[18],"electric":[21,235],"power":[22,44,50,73,85,95,125,143,166,228],"system.":[23,202,255],"At":[24],"same":[26],"time,":[27],"consumers":[28,103,211],"adopted":[30],"PV":[31,40,105,170,197],"reduce":[34,138,249],"their":[35],"electricity":[36,151],"bills.":[37],"While":[38],"grid-following":[39],"inverters":[41],"offset":[42],"active":[43],"demand,":[45],"they":[46],"can":[47],"decrease":[48],"factor":[51,74,96,126,144,167,229],"at":[52,87,230],"point":[54],"interconnection":[56],"with":[57,104,123,193],"grid,":[59],"subsequently":[60],"leading":[61],"financial":[63,180],"penalties":[64,121,181,209,220],"imposed":[65,233],"by":[66,156,234],"distribution":[67,100,201,214,254],"utilities.":[68],"Additionally,":[69],"utilities":[70,101,215],"must":[71],"maintain":[72,81,226],"values":[75,232],"above":[76],"a":[77,128,183],"predefined":[78],"threshold":[79],"acceptable":[82],"levels":[83,195],"losses":[86,251],"transmission":[89,236],"level.":[90],"This":[91,132,238],"paper":[92],"examines":[93],"low":[94,124,142],"penalty":[97,246],"schemes":[98,247],"for":[99,210],"and":[102],"systems.":[106],"In":[107],"such":[108],"an":[109,111],"analysis,":[110],"optimization":[112],"approach":[113,133],"is":[114,164,175],"used":[115],"minimize":[117],"costs":[119],"associated":[122],"during":[127],"consumer\u2019s":[129],"billing":[130],"period.":[131],"makes":[134],"it":[135],"possible":[136],"number":[140],"penalties,":[145],"thus":[146],"reducing":[147],"amount":[149],"bills":[152],"be":[154],"paid":[155],"consumers.":[157],"The":[158,203],"decision":[159],"variable":[160],"this":[162],"context":[163],"inverters.":[171],"A":[172],"case":[173],"study":[174],"presented":[176],"that":[177,206],"considers":[178],"city":[184],"metropolitan":[187],"area":[188],"Sao":[190],"Paulo,":[191],"Brazil,":[192],"various":[194],"penetration":[198],"results":[204],"show":[205],"while":[207],"are":[212],"low,":[213],"would":[216],"incur":[217],"more":[218],"significant":[219],"or":[221],"require":[222],"additional":[223],"investments":[224],"companies.":[237],"analysis":[239],"aims":[240],"help":[242],"regulatory":[243],"agencies":[244],"evaluate":[245],"electrical":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}