{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403826717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3486686","title":"Routing Optimization for Large-Scale Inspection-Maintenance of EV Charging Spots With Multiple Types of Personnel and Composite Customer Satisfaction: A Multi-Stage Approach","display_name":"Routing Optimization for Large-Scale Inspection-Maintenance of EV Charging Spots With Multiple Types of Personnel and Composite Customer Satisfaction: A Multi-Stage Approach","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403826717","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3486686"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3486686","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3486686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3486686","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100437769","display_name":"Meng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8177-2453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110558","display_name":"Xi'an Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8prc81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8177-2453","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101996354","display_name":"Lulu Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8748-2131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110558","display_name":"Xi'an Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/01t8prc81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lulu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qi Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2222-1322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2222-1322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108837282","display_name":"Wei Cui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.6103,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73094507,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"158189","last_page":"158206"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12111","display_name":"Industrial Vision Systems and Defect Detection","score":0.9848999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12017","display_name":"Recycling and Waste Management Techniques","score":0.9413999915122986,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/customer-satisfaction","display_name":"Customer satisfaction","score":0.6777331829071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.6072233319282532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-number","display_name":"Composite number","score":0.5480043888092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.526879608631134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4841088056564331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.47093430161476135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.23865032196044922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.15527671575546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.1259462535381317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.06618225574493408}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191511416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q999278","display_name":"Customer satisfaction","level":2,"score":0.6777331829071045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.6072233319282532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.5480043888092041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.526879608631134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4841088056564331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.47093430161476135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.23865032196044922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.15527671575546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.1259462535381317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.06618225574493408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3486686","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3486686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c4a5ec9a2a3e418fb66ffb6c5ba63daa","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c4a5ec9a2a3e418fb66ffb6c5ba63daa","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 158189-158206 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3486686","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3486686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1492331514","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72301205","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3583450505","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"23JY037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336567","display_name":"Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1997452337","https://openalex.org/W2161160262","https://openalex.org/W2334806080","https://openalex.org/W2802703720","https://openalex.org/W2912632897","https://openalex.org/W2967754460","https://openalex.org/W2997578005","https://openalex.org/W3005713901","https://openalex.org/W3029929066","https://openalex.org/W3034210684","https://openalex.org/W3040879766","https://openalex.org/W3081059499","https://openalex.org/W3118630579","https://openalex.org/W3141994949","https://openalex.org/W3157853365","https://openalex.org/W3179165755","https://openalex.org/W4211046864","https://openalex.org/W4220774446","https://openalex.org/W4245878915","https://openalex.org/W4281716338","https://openalex.org/W4297472309","https://openalex.org/W4309102282","https://openalex.org/W4310533732","https://openalex.org/W4310581933","https://openalex.org/W4312780027","https://openalex.org/W4380303797","https://openalex.org/W4383496079","https://openalex.org/W4385299709","https://openalex.org/W4385577138","https://openalex.org/W4387843803","https://openalex.org/W4388158936","https://openalex.org/W4388561414","https://openalex.org/W4391070433","https://openalex.org/W4391589338","https://openalex.org/W4395478273","https://openalex.org/W4399915634","https://openalex.org/W4400139421","https://openalex.org/W4402945610"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2329386257","https://openalex.org/W2503350049","https://openalex.org/W2397616145","https://openalex.org/W2397320258","https://openalex.org/W4324058133","https://openalex.org/W2365574773","https://openalex.org/W648618910","https://openalex.org/W4393624937","https://openalex.org/W2131103914","https://openalex.org/W4296658948"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Electric":[0],"vehicle":[1],"(EV)":[2],"charging":[3,14,17,41,57,78,97,140,170,194,232],"spots":[4,18,58,79,98,141,233],"require":[5],"frequent":[6],"inspections":[7,114],"to":[8,132,181,220,224],"identify":[9],"potential":[10],"safety":[11],"hazards,":[12],"and":[13,28,38,50,65,109,142,167,172,208,234],"piles":[15],"in":[16,35,101,150,238],"exhibit":[19],"a":[20,209],"significant":[21],"failure":[22],"rate,":[23],"necessitating":[24],"maintenance.":[25],"The":[26,53,214],"efficiency":[27,241],"quality":[29],"of":[30,40,55,63,85,95,107,138,145,147,164,175,185,193,216,230],"inspection-maintenance":[31,54,94,229],"are":[32,212],"crucial":[33],"components":[34],"the":[36,45,66,76,83,133,143,151,162,173,182,186,190,222,226],"operation":[37,46],"management":[39],"spots,":[42,171,195],"directly":[43],"affecting":[44],"cost,":[47],"service":[48],"level,":[49],"user":[51],"experience.":[52],"EV":[56,96,231],"requires":[59,123],"two":[60],"different":[61],"types":[62,106],"personnel,":[64,121],"impact":[67],"on":[68],"customer":[69,111,127,177,243],"satisfaction":[70,128,178],"cannot":[71],"be":[72,116],"ignored.":[73],"In":[74],"addition,":[75],"large-scale":[77,93],"have":[80],"further":[81],"increased":[82],"difficulty":[84],"routing.":[86],"A":[87,154],"novel":[88],"routing":[89,156],"optimization":[90,157],"problem":[91,187],"for":[92,136,228],"is":[99,129,159,201,219],"proposed":[100],"this":[102,217],"paper,":[103],"considering":[104],"multiple":[105],"personnel":[108,166],"composite":[110,176],"satisfaction.":[112,244],"While":[113],"can":[115],"carried":[117],"out":[118],"by":[119,189],"general":[120],"maintenance":[122,137],"professional":[124,148],"engineers.":[125],"Composite":[126],"with":[130,242],"respect":[131],"waiting":[134],"time":[135],"faulty":[139],"duration":[144],"absence":[146],"engineers":[149],"working":[152],"station.":[153],"bi-objective":[155],"model":[158],"proposed,":[160],"minimizing":[161],"cost":[163],"arranging":[165],"traveling":[168],"between":[169],"loss":[174],"simultaneously.":[179],"Due":[180],"large":[183],"scale":[184],"caused":[188],"enormous":[191],"number":[192],"an":[196],"effective":[197],"multi-stage":[198],"solution":[199],"approach":[200],"proposed.":[202],"Finally,":[203],"numerical":[204],"experiments,":[205],"managerial":[206],"insights,":[207],"case":[210],"study":[211],"provided.":[213],"purpose":[215],"research":[218],"help":[221],"operators":[223],"decide":[225],"routes":[227],"offer":[235],"valuable":[236],"guidance":[237],"balancing":[239],"operational":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}