{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403674625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3484765","title":"Named Entity Recognition Method of Legal Instruments Based on Improved Few-Shot Learning","display_name":"Named Entity Recognition Method of Legal Instruments Based on Improved Few-Shot Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403674625","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3484765"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3484765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3484765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3484765","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qiang Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108177","display_name":"Zhejiang Police College","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxaf991","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108177"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Technology, Zhejiang Police College, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108177"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100619214","display_name":"Jianbin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7432-875X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianbin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jinbo Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2085-8756"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinbo Fu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106405528","display_name":"Jiong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2208-2882"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100427262","display_name":"Bo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6150-3881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55712492","display_name":"Zhejiang University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02djqfd08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55712492"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108177"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.29178984,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"157444","last_page":"157454"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.8855999708175659,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13643","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Law","score":0.8855999708175659,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13904","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence Applications","score":0.826200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.8237000107765198,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7492165565490723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shot","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","score":0.6493469476699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.535465657711029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3679110109806061}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7492165565490723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778344882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278938","display_name":"Shot (pellet)","level":2,"score":0.6493469476699829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.535465657711029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3679110109806061},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3484765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3484765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fbdb74cc95134bd98e98466e2f90a812","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fbdb74cc95134bd98e98466e2f90a812","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 157444-157454 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3484765","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3484765","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1636322160","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RF-C2023007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1502473750","https://openalex.org/W1595484766","https://openalex.org/W1636244751","https://openalex.org/W1978218121","https://openalex.org/W1982982698","https://openalex.org/W1999897823","https://openalex.org/W2050249319","https://openalex.org/W2121789676","https://openalex.org/W2123512824","https://openalex.org/W2124592697","https://openalex.org/W2131010894","https://openalex.org/W2141869602","https://openalex.org/W2161905890","https://openalex.org/W2314530273","https://openalex.org/W2682408236","https://openalex.org/W2759200442","https://openalex.org/W2776461464","https://openalex.org/W2787134228","https://openalex.org/W2874672999","https://openalex.org/W2887256936","https://openalex.org/W2903593149","https://openalex.org/W2920274359","https://openalex.org/W2974513909","https://openalex.org/W3004047707","https://openalex.org/W3011594683","https://openalex.org/W3105470358","https://openalex.org/W3136048214","https://openalex.org/W3137401156","https://openalex.org/W3138786034","https://openalex.org/W3154818064","https://openalex.org/W3189857991","https://openalex.org/W3197864488","https://openalex.org/W3213591530","https://openalex.org/W4210335531","https://openalex.org/W4237530236","https://openalex.org/W4289225599","https://openalex.org/W4293235740","https://openalex.org/W4297802388","https://openalex.org/W4309914122","https://openalex.org/W4313120463","https://openalex.org/W4380046693","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W6607585944","https://openalex.org/W6675751002","https://openalex.org/W6677167005","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6772544576"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2074502265","https://openalex.org/W4214877189","https://openalex.org/W2773965352","https://openalex.org/W2381179799","https://openalex.org/W2980279061","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automatically":[0],"extracting":[1],"critical":[2],"information":[3],"from":[4],"voluminous":[5],"legal":[6,31,56,80,90],"instruments":[7,32,57],"can":[8,174],"significantly":[9],"enhance":[10],"judges\u2019":[11],"efficiency":[12],"in":[13,30,65],"handling":[14],"cases":[15],"and":[16,102,128,152,173],"foster":[17],"the":[18,24,99,114,118,143,148,154,159,164,176],"development":[19],"of":[20,26,74,78,86,113],"intelligent":[21],"courts.":[22],"However,":[23],"scarcity":[25],"adequately":[27],"annotated":[28,87],"data":[29,81,88,93,126],"presents":[33],"a":[34,38,49,75,83,103,132],"challenge":[35,177],"to":[36,97,109,123,141,185],"training":[37,100],"reliable":[39,172],"model":[40,106,120],"for":[41,55],"named":[42,51,71,166],"entity":[43,52,72,167],"recognition.":[44],"To":[45],"address":[46],"this":[47,66],"issue,":[48],"novel":[50],"recognition":[53,73,168],"approach":[54,69],"based":[58,135],"on":[59,89,136],"improved":[60],"few-shot":[61],"learning":[62],"is":[63,95,107,121,139,170],"introduced":[64],"paper.":[67],"This":[68],"enables":[70],"large":[76],"amount":[77,85],"unknown":[79],"with":[82],"small":[84],"instruments.":[91],"Firstly,":[92],"augmentation":[94],"employed":[96],"expand":[98],"sample,":[101],"BERT":[104],"pre-training":[105],"used":[108,140],"obtain":[110],"word":[111],"vectors":[112],"text":[115,125],"data.":[116,188],"Subsequently,":[117],"NNshot":[119,149],"applied":[122],"learn":[124],"features":[127],"perform":[129],"classification.":[130],"Then,":[131],"Viterbi":[133],"decoder":[134],"label-pair":[137],"rules":[138],"capture":[142],"dependencies":[144],"between":[145],"categories,":[146],"correct":[147],"prediction":[150],"results,":[151],"select":[153],"optimal":[155],"classification":[156],"sequence.":[157],"Finally,":[158],"experimental":[160],"results":[161],"demonstrate":[162],"that":[163,178],"proposed":[165],"method":[169],"reasonably":[171],"overcome":[175],"entities":[179],"cannot":[180],"be":[181],"accurately":[182],"recognized":[183],"due":[184],"insufficient":[186],"annotation":[187]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
