{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403295191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3477533","title":"Dynamic Test-Time Augmentation via Differentiable Functions","display_name":"Dynamic Test-Time Augmentation via Differentiable Functions","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403295191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3477533"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3477533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3477533","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3477533","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036430329","display_name":"Shohei Enomoto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200641316","display_name":"Musashino University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bcbax71","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200641316"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shohei Enomoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7450-3311","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200641316"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081985641","display_name":"Monikka Roslianna Busto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200641316","display_name":"Musashino University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bcbax71","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200641316"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monikka Roslianna Busto","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0728-6905","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200641316"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019776988","display_name":"Takeharu Eda","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200641316","display_name":"Musashino University","ror":"https://ror.org/04bcbax71","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200641316"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takeharu Eda","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTT, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTT, Musashino, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200641316"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200641316"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.9808,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76238175,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"149593","last_page":"149605"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.97079998254776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11032","display_name":"VLSI and Analog Circuit Testing","score":0.97079998254776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12810","display_name":"Real-time simulation and control systems","score":0.9656000137329102,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13293","display_name":"Engineering and Test Systems","score":0.932200014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.58685702085495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differentiable-function","display_name":"Differentiable function","score":0.4597189426422119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.4580804705619812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2040872573852539}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.58685702085495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202615002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783507","display_name":"Differentiable function","level":2,"score":0.4597189426422119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4580804705619812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2040872573852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3477533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3477533","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:74f3c596fc2e47bdbf508c6047dddba7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/74f3c596fc2e47bdbf508c6047dddba7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 149593-149605 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3477533","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3477533","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2626739722","https://openalex.org/W2763549966","https://openalex.org/W2809371442","https://openalex.org/W2895033814","https://openalex.org/W2900859886","https://openalex.org/W2915154746","https://openalex.org/W2963068450","https://openalex.org/W2982083293","https://openalex.org/W2985321619","https://openalex.org/W3004040469","https://openalex.org/W3008960265","https://openalex.org/W3025573667","https://openalex.org/W3035743198","https://openalex.org/W3037492894","https://openalex.org/W3043639844","https://openalex.org/W3047916742","https://openalex.org/W3107127161","https://openalex.org/W3116074996","https://openalex.org/W3126857817","https://openalex.org/W3159182652","https://openalex.org/W3177096435","https://openalex.org/W3204615985","https://openalex.org/W3206968309","https://openalex.org/W3209561377","https://openalex.org/W4205638705","https://openalex.org/W4214592090","https://openalex.org/W4214753187","https://openalex.org/W4312761717","https://openalex.org/W4320060083","https://openalex.org/W4385488514","https://openalex.org/W4386066723","https://openalex.org/W4402754056","https://openalex.org/W6600609147","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6756444276","https://openalex.org/W6757555829","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6763810570","https://openalex.org/W6768008261","https://openalex.org/W6770979763","https://openalex.org/W6774321293","https://openalex.org/W6780233385","https://openalex.org/W6784515117","https://openalex.org/W6785047251","https://openalex.org/W6788135285","https://openalex.org/W6790812334","https://openalex.org/W6795140394","https://openalex.org/W6796086745","https://openalex.org/W6797578546","https://openalex.org/W6797973313","https://openalex.org/W6803414501","https://openalex.org/W6810146430","https://openalex.org/W6810494468","https://openalex.org/W6810505909","https://openalex.org/W6838550769","https://openalex.org/W6857777124","https://openalex.org/W6868890189"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4285277090","https://openalex.org/W4327738859","https://openalex.org/W2348722996","https://openalex.org/W2334570605","https://openalex.org/W3181683615","https://openalex.org/W4286826125","https://openalex.org/W1633485514","https://openalex.org/W2390279801"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Distribution":[0],"shifts,":[1],"which":[2,54],"often":[3],"occur":[4],"in":[5,137],"the":[6,10,43,73,95,110,114,131,145,149,159,169,173],"real":[7],"world,":[8],"degrade":[9],"accuracy":[11,75,139,187],"of":[12,101,113],"deep":[13,88],"learning":[14],"systems,":[15],"and":[16,62,167,188],"thus":[17,143],"improving":[18,94],"robustness":[19,132,153],"to":[20,71,81],"distribution":[21,77],"shifts":[22],"is":[23,55,99,154,177,192],"essential":[24],"for":[25,140,162,181],"practical":[26],"applications.":[27],"To":[28],"improve":[29,72],"robustness,":[30],"we":[31],"study":[32],"an":[33],"image":[34,50,66,91,122],"enhancement":[35,51],"method":[36],"that":[37,152,183],"generates":[38,63],"recognition-friendly":[39],"images":[40,70],"without":[41],"retraining":[42,168],"recognition":[44,74,115,123,170],"model.":[45,116],"We":[46],"propose":[47],"a":[48,64,178],"novel":[49],"method,":[52],"DynTTA,":[53],"based":[56],"on":[57],"differentiable":[58,102],"data":[59,83],"augmentation":[60],"techniques":[61],"blended":[65],"from":[67],"many":[68],"augmented":[69],"under":[76],"shifts.":[78],"In":[79,117],"addition":[80],"standard":[82],"augmentations,":[84],"DynTTA":[85,98,129,166,176],"also":[86],"incorporates":[87],"neural":[89],"network-based":[90],"transformation,":[92],"further":[93],"robustness.":[96,189],"Because":[97],"composed":[100],"functions,":[103],"it":[104],"can":[105],"be":[106],"directly":[107],"trained":[108],"with":[109,119,133,172],"classification":[111,127,138],"loss":[112],"experiments":[118],"widely":[120],"used":[121],"datasets":[124,164],"using":[125,165],"various":[126],"models,":[128],"improves":[130],"almost":[134],"no":[135],"reduction":[136],"clean":[141,186],"images,":[142],"outperforming":[144],"existing":[146],"methods.":[147],"Furthermore,":[148],"results":[150],"show":[151],"significantly":[155],"improved":[156],"by":[157],"estimating":[158],"training-time":[160],"augmentations":[161],"distribution-shifted":[163],"model":[171],"estimated":[174],"augmentations.":[175],"promising":[179],"approach":[180],"applications":[182],"require":[184],"both":[185],"Our":[190],"code":[191],"available":[193],"athttps://github.com/s-enmt/DynTTA.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
