{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402592474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3463426","title":"Three-Stage Optimization Model to Inform Risk-Averse Investment in Power System Resilience to Winter Storms","display_name":"Three-Stage Optimization Model to Inform Risk-Averse Investment in Power System Resilience to Winter Storms","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402592474","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3463426"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3463426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3463426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3463426","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083755320","display_name":"Brent Austgen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1985-0569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brent G. Austgen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Operations Research and Industrial Engineering Graduate Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1985-0569","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Operations Research and Industrial Engineering Graduate Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101868432","display_name":"Manuel Garcia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1859-7314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343871089","display_name":"Los Alamos National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01e41cf67","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1343871089","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210120050"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Manuel Garcia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Systems and Modeling Group (A-1), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1859-7314","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Systems and Modeling Group (A-1), Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343871089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064998188","display_name":"Joshua Yip","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2942-9500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joshua J. Yip","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chandra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2942-9500","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chandra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023975957","display_name":"Bryan Arguello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6813-090X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryan Arguello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Operations Research and Computational Analysis Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6813-090X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Operations Research and Computational Analysis Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033228167","display_name":"Brian Pierre","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192454743","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories California","ror":"https://ror.org/058m7ey48","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I192454743","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I198811213","https://openalex.org/I4210104735"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian J. Pierre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electric Power Systems Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3880-5501","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electric Power Systems Research Department, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192454743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038214748","display_name":"Erhan Kutano\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-9130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erhan Kutanoglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Operations Research and Industrial Engineering Graduate Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-9130","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Operations Research and Industrial Engineering Graduate Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057491702","display_name":"John J. Hasenbein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-0968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John J. Hasenbein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Operations Research and Industrial Engineering Graduate Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6729-0968","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Operations Research and Industrial Engineering Graduate Program, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029541981","display_name":"Surya Santoso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8675-9610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86519309","display_name":"The University of Texas at Austin","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj54h04","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Surya Santoso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chandra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8675-9610","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chandra Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86519309"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.1497,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75713884,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"135117","last_page":"135134"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11807","display_name":"Infrastructure Resilience and Vulnerability Analysis","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10454","display_name":"Optimal Power Flow Distribution","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/storm","display_name":"Storm","score":0.6934287548065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resilience","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","score":0.6726324558258057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/investment","display_name":"Investment (military)","score":0.5723171234130859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stage","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","score":0.5640879273414612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.4180677831172943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4144755005836487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.3939047157764435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.38275185227394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.33564192056655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.32941532135009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.2811567187309265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.19906702637672424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.09819495677947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09705209732055664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.09316897392272949}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105306849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81054","display_name":"Storm","level":2,"score":0.6934287548065186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.6726324558258057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5723171234130859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146357865","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1123245","display_name":"Stage (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5640879273414612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4180677831172943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4144755005836487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.3939047157764435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.38275185227394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.33564192056655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.32941532135009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.2811567187309265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.19906702637672424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.09819495677947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09705209732055664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.09316897392272949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3463426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3463426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4d0464066c0d4980bba840d3055fa959","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4d0464066c0d4980bba840d3055fa959","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 135117-135134 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2447034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2447034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2449673","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2449673","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:2540240","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2540240","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3463426","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3463426","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338291","display_name":"Sandia National Laboratories","ror":"https://ror.org/01apwpt12"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":77,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W319968770","https://openalex.org/W809005175","https://openalex.org/W1569990960","https://openalex.org/W1647779468","https://openalex.org/W1999710902","https://openalex.org/W2001783442","https://openalex.org/W2015050404","https://openalex.org/W2019291268","https://openalex.org/W2049978423","https://openalex.org/W2060322444","https://openalex.org/W2073330885","https://openalex.org/W2078286604","https://openalex.org/W2083545691","https://openalex.org/W2087111615","https://openalex.org/W2091770536","https://openalex.org/W2118414329","https://openalex.org/W2128348805","https://openalex.org/W2131070718","https://openalex.org/W2164094238","https://openalex.org/W2395721918","https://openalex.org/W2503431744","https://openalex.org/W2543274172","https://openalex.org/W2566611748","https://openalex.org/W2579314872","https://openalex.org/W2587190936","https://openalex.org/W2785829021","https://openalex.org/W2796089809","https://openalex.org/W2796735037","https://openalex.org/W2886531884","https://openalex.org/W2897434090","https://openalex.org/W2910968407","https://openalex.org/W2911464544","https://openalex.org/W2914074484","https://openalex.org/W2963196000","https://openalex.org/W3003792994","https://openalex.org/W3005825226","https://openalex.org/W3006713338","https://openalex.org/W3008853713","https://openalex.org/W3022790344","https://openalex.org/W3027326053","https://openalex.org/W3081091883","https://openalex.org/W3124407081","https://openalex.org/W3127960574","https://openalex.org/W3129302784","https://openalex.org/W3171249365","https://openalex.org/W3183242739","https://openalex.org/W3186803129","https://openalex.org/W3197032917","https://openalex.org/W3197508360","https://openalex.org/W3209857124","https://openalex.org/W4206081160","https://openalex.org/W4206250769","https://openalex.org/W4213347159","https://openalex.org/W4225884703","https://openalex.org/W4226040420","https://openalex.org/W4226198485","https://openalex.org/W4229033011","https://openalex.org/W4235370655","https://openalex.org/W4251616545","https://openalex.org/W4281687547","https://openalex.org/W4281776394","https://openalex.org/W4285036153","https://openalex.org/W4285815953","https://openalex.org/W4285815979","https://openalex.org/W4285983635","https://openalex.org/W4308289354","https://openalex.org/W4308654206","https://openalex.org/W4313894771","https://openalex.org/W4317568723","https://openalex.org/W4319028265","https://openalex.org/W4321592906","https://openalex.org/W4322503892","https://openalex.org/W4361758138","https://openalex.org/W4381546031","https://openalex.org/W4391235323","https://openalex.org/W4392356615","https://openalex.org/W6850597439"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2329386257","https://openalex.org/W2503350049","https://openalex.org/W2397616145","https://openalex.org/W2397320258","https://openalex.org/W4324058133","https://openalex.org/W648618910","https://openalex.org/W4393624937","https://openalex.org/W4296658948","https://openalex.org/W3167355683","https://openalex.org/W1992943688"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,77,105],"propose":[1],"a":[2,56,110,154],"three-stage":[3],"stochastic":[4],"programming":[5],"model":[6,96,108],"to":[7,15,22,39,43,51,66,90,109],"inform":[8],"risk-averse":[9],"investment":[10,24],"in":[11,25,86,94,160],"power":[12],"system":[13,33],"resilience":[14],"winter":[16,61,122,169],"storms.":[17],"The":[18],"first":[19],"stage":[20,38,50],"pertains":[21],"long-term":[23],"generator":[26],"winterization":[27],"and":[28,47,144,147],"mobile":[29],"battery":[30],"energy":[31],"storage":[32],"(MBESS)":[34],"resources,":[35],"the":[36,48,70,72,83,87,107,116,135,158,161,164,168],"second":[37],"MBESS":[40],"deployment":[41,73],"prior":[42],"an":[44,59],"imminent":[45,60],"storm,":[46],"third":[49],"operational":[52],"response.":[53],"Serving":[54],"as":[55,82,153],"forecast":[57],"update,":[58],"storm’s":[62],"severity":[63],"is":[64],"assumed":[65],"be":[67],"known":[68],"at":[69],"time":[71],"decisions":[74],"are":[75,138],"made.":[76],"incorporate":[78],"conditional":[79],"value-at-risk":[80],"(CVaR)":[81],"risk":[84,145,155],"measure":[85,156],"objective":[88],"function":[89],"target":[91],"loss,":[92],"represented":[93],"our":[95],"by":[97,140],"unserved":[98],"energy,":[99],"experienced":[100],"during":[101],"high-impact,":[102],"low-frequency":[103],"events.":[104],"apply":[106],"Texas-focused":[111],"case":[112],"study":[113],"based":[114],"on":[115],"ACTIVS":[117],"2000-bus":[118],"synthetic":[119],"grid":[120],"with":[121],"storm":[123,170],"scenarios":[124],"generated":[125],"using":[126,151],"historical":[127],"Winter":[128],"Storm":[129],"Uri":[130],"data.":[131],"Results":[132],"demonstrate":[133],"how":[134,149],"optimal":[136],"investments":[137],"affected":[139],"parameters":[141],"like":[142],"cost":[143],"aversion,":[146],"also":[148],"effectively":[150],"CVaR":[152],"mitigates":[157],"outcomes":[159],"tail":[162],"of":[163],"loss":[165],"distribution":[166],"over":[167],"impact":[171],"uncertainty.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}