{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402770327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3461608","title":"Dual-Coverage Electromagnetic Skin With Independent Shaped Beams for Sub-THz 6G Communications","display_name":"Dual-Coverage Electromagnetic Skin With Independent Shaped Beams for Sub-THz 6G Communications","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402770327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3461608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3461608","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3461608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3461608","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022901398","display_name":"Eduardo Martinez\u2010de\u2010Rioja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9547-9509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182083151","display_name":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5cv687","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eduardo Martinez-de-Rioja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Systems and Computing, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9547-9509","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Systems and Computing, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108305713","display_name":"Alejandro Feito","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1282-7580"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182083151","display_name":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5cv687","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alejandro Feito","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Systems and Computing, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Systems and Computing, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036620149","display_name":"Jes\u00fas Palac\u00ed L\u00f3pez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7004-9983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182083151","display_name":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5cv687","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jes\u00fas Palac\u00ed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Systems and Computing, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7004-9983","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Systems and Computing, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020554755","display_name":"Ana Arboleya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182083151","display_name":"Universidad Rey Juan Carlos","ror":"https://ror.org/01v5cv687","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Arboleya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Systems and Computing, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2307","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory and Communications and Telematic Systems and Computing, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Fuenlabrada, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036664118","display_name":"Jaime Laviada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6501-4353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165339363","display_name":"Universidad de Oviedo","ror":"https://ror.org/006gksa02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165339363"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaime Laviada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Oviedo, Gijon, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6501-4353","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Oviedo, Gijon, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165339363"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037285626","display_name":"Fernando Las\u2010Heras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-2114"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165339363","display_name":"Universidad de Oviedo","ror":"https://ror.org/006gksa02","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165339363"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Las-Heras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Oviedo, Gijon, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-2114","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Oviedo, Gijon, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165339363"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022901398"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182083151"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":5.3686,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95262236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"134624","last_page":"134634"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-radiation","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","score":0.6800829768180847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5034844279289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4112909734249115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.37870320677757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.35865113139152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3400309085845947}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.6800829768180847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5034844279289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4112909734249115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.37870320677757263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.35865113139152527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3400309085845947}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3461608","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3461608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:77f6f558b4b24a9692626151ab4684fb","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/77f6f558b4b24a9692626151ab4684fb","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 134624-134634 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3461608","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3461608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3616445068","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"INCREASE-5G (ref. F858)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","funder_display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5891237839","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TED2021-131975A-I00","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7186414377","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","funder_display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313831","display_name":"Comunidad de Madrid","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322930","display_name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","ror":"https://ror.org/034900433"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534864144","https://openalex.org/W2006201699","https://openalex.org/W2033316084","https://openalex.org/W2034595967","https://openalex.org/W2081337332","https://openalex.org/W2084365675","https://openalex.org/W2097734051","https://openalex.org/W2129720098","https://openalex.org/W2136927361","https://openalex.org/W2291499083","https://openalex.org/W2480570393","https://openalex.org/W2614690946","https://openalex.org/W2903146257","https://openalex.org/W2931618340","https://openalex.org/W2955897898","https://openalex.org/W2969064671","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W3005600351","https://openalex.org/W3011431516","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3043810557","https://openalex.org/W3083945150","https://openalex.org/W3120167720","https://openalex.org/W3135752164","https://openalex.org/W3163264779","https://openalex.org/W3205662357","https://openalex.org/W3209113411","https://openalex.org/W4206191800","https://openalex.org/W4212903032","https://openalex.org/W4234008455","https://openalex.org/W4312545830","https://openalex.org/W4313133496","https://openalex.org/W4318602896","https://openalex.org/W4378842299","https://openalex.org/W4381804327","https://openalex.org/W4386638794","https://openalex.org/W4387245346","https://openalex.org/W4387538079","https://openalex.org/W4388430579","https://openalex.org/W4395662077","https://openalex.org/W6761920818"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2935759653","https://openalex.org/W3105167352","https://openalex.org/W54078636","https://openalex.org/W2954470139","https://openalex.org/W1501425562","https://openalex.org/W2902782467","https://openalex.org/W3084825885","https://openalex.org/W2298861036","https://openalex.org/W2271181815"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,11,108,184],"dual-coverage":[4],"Electromagnetic":[5],"Skin":[6],"(EM":[7],"skin)":[8],"based":[9,65],"on":[10,66],"single-layer":[12],"reflecting":[13,145],"panel":[14],"to":[15,34,51,87,99,106],"provide":[16,73],"coverage":[17,192],"of":[18,56,60,69,112,162,193,209],"blind":[19,194],"zones":[20,195],"and":[21,94,150,168,171,186],"enhance":[22],"6G":[23,198],"communications":[24],"at":[25,158],"sub-THz":[26,197],"frequencies.":[27],"The":[28,58,179],"proposed":[29,180],"EM":[30,62,181],"skin":[31,63,182],"is":[32,64,183,205],"able":[33],"generate":[35],"two":[36,53],"independent":[37,74],"reflected":[38],"beams":[39,90],"in":[40,47,77,91,174,196,200],"orthogonal":[41,67],"linear":[42,79],"polarizations,":[43],"which":[44,72],"are":[45],"pointed":[46],"different":[48,54],"fixed":[49],"directions":[50],"cover":[52,107],"regions":[55],"users.":[57],"unit-cell":[59],"the":[61,89,92,100,156,159,175,212],"groups":[68],"dipole-type":[70],"elements,":[71],"phasing":[75],"capability":[76],"each":[78],"polarization.":[80],"A":[81,124],"beamforming":[82],"technique":[83],"has":[84,147],"been":[85,148],"applied":[86],"broaden":[88],"elevation":[93],"azimuth":[95],"planes":[96],"with":[97,155,211],"respect":[98],"reference":[101],"pencil-beam":[102],"design,":[103],"so":[104],"as":[105],"wider":[109],"angular":[110],"region":[111],"<inline-formula":[113,127,138],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[114,128,139],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[115,129,140],"<tex-math":[116,130,141],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$10^{\\circ":[117],"}":[118,121],"\\times":[119],"10^{\\circ":[120],"$":[122],"</tex-math></inline-formula>.":[123],"68":[125],"mm":[126,134],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\times":[131],"68$":[132],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[133,144],"EM-skin":[135],"prototype,":[136],"comprising":[137],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$40\\times":[142],"40$":[143],"cells,":[146],"fabricated":[149],"tested,":[151],"showing":[152],"good":[153],"agreement":[154],"simulations":[157],"design":[160],"frequency":[161],"100":[163],"GHz,":[164],"low":[165],"cross-polar":[166],"levels,":[167],"stable":[169],"gain":[170],"beamwidth":[172],"performance":[173],"95-104":[176],"GHz":[177],"band.":[178],"low-cost":[185],"energy-efficient":[187],"solution":[188],"for":[189],"improving":[190],"wireless":[191],"systems,":[199],"those":[201],"scenarios":[202],"where":[203],"there":[204],"no":[206],"direct":[207],"line":[208],"sight":[210],"base":[213],"station":[214],"or":[215],"hotspot.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
