{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402473892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3459595","title":"<i>BEVSeg2GTA</i>: Joint Vehicle Segmentation and Graph Neural Networks for Ego Vehicle Trajectory Prediction in Bird\u2019s-Eye-View","display_name":"<i>BEVSeg2GTA</i>: Joint Vehicle Segmentation and Graph Neural Networks for Ego Vehicle Trajectory Prediction in Bird\u2019s-Eye-View","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402473892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3459595"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3459595","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3459595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3459595","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060388590","display_name":"Sushil Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9125-1168"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I230495080","display_name":"University of Limerick","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0n9e72","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sushil Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9125-1168","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101759453","display_name":"Arindam Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-691X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I230495080","display_name":"University of Limerick","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0n9e72","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arindam Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104346398","display_name":"Ganesh Sistu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1683-9257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I230495080","display_name":"University of Limerick","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0n9e72","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ganesh Sistu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037669498","display_name":"Mark Halton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1421-0386"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I230495080","display_name":"University of Limerick","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0n9e72","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Halton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1421-0386","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084975687","display_name":"Ciar\u00e1n Eising","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8383-2635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I230495080","display_name":"University of Limerick","ror":"https://ror.org/00a0n9e72","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ciar\u00e1n Eising","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8383-2635","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I230495080"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.8208,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70914196,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"132159","last_page":"132174"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11344","display_name":"Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques","score":0.9717000126838684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.965399980545044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7042258977890015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5986312031745911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5942477583885193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5157228112220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.508056640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.479259729385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.474672794342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trajectory","display_name":"Trajectory","score":0.4740559756755829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.41714999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.10775768756866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10116076469421387}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7042258977890015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5986312031745911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5942477583885193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5157228112220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.508056640625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.479259729385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.474672794342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.4740559756755829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.41714999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.10775768756866455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10116076469421387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3459595","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3459595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c92ba10500ec4ceaa470ecf4984aa8ce","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c92ba10500ec4ceaa470ecf4984aa8ce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 132159-132174 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3459595","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3459595","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G500045321","display_name":"SFI Centre for Research Training in Foundations of Data Science","funder_award_id":"18/CRT/6049","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","funder_display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320847","display_name":"Science Foundation Ireland","ror":"https://ror.org/0271asj38"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":90,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2115579991","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2798405286","https://openalex.org/W2892614179","https://openalex.org/W2946231253","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2967177252","https://openalex.org/W2971092880","https://openalex.org/W2997958396","https://openalex.org/W3008154156","https://openalex.org/W3010072020","https://openalex.org/W3010707748","https://openalex.org/W3011371059","https://openalex.org/W3015461837","https://openalex.org/W3035172746","https://openalex.org/W3035574168","https://openalex.org/W3035671534","https://openalex.org/W3042732763","https://openalex.org/W3081125129","https://openalex.org/W3082069042","https://openalex.org/W3090789587","https://openalex.org/W3096609285","https://openalex.org/W3109395584","https://openalex.org/W3116651890","https://openalex.org/W3129684859","https://openalex.org/W3131008338","https://openalex.org/W3154131566","https://openalex.org/W3156216502","https://openalex.org/W3164576087","https://openalex.org/W3193266637","https://openalex.org/W3201859961","https://openalex.org/W3208246861","https://openalex.org/W3215100485","https://openalex.org/W4206776774","https://openalex.org/W4285307478","https://openalex.org/W4286373328","https://openalex.org/W4286768331","https://openalex.org/W4307927328","https://openalex.org/W4311091461","https://openalex.org/W4312265233","https://openalex.org/W4312641958","https://openalex.org/W4312894406","https://openalex.org/W4313018251","https://openalex.org/W4313054679","https://openalex.org/W4316660993","https://openalex.org/W4319303369","https://openalex.org/W4362562906","https://openalex.org/W4377018050","https://openalex.org/W4378696925","https://openalex.org/W4384284172","https://openalex.org/W4384613985","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385764557","https://openalex.org/W4385801216","https://openalex.org/W4386057730","https://openalex.org/W4386065453","https://openalex.org/W4386076664","https://openalex.org/W4387592386","https://openalex.org/W4387757567","https://openalex.org/W4389169869","https://openalex.org/W4389262616","https://openalex.org/W4390874817","https://openalex.org/W4392402555","https://openalex.org/W4392672602","https://openalex.org/W4393078713","https://openalex.org/W4393153766","https://openalex.org/W4394593018","https://openalex.org/W4394597844","https://openalex.org/W6601322911","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6726873649","https://openalex.org/W6745935785","https://openalex.org/W6757817989","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6768870957","https://openalex.org/W6769043036","https://openalex.org/W6780503301","https://openalex.org/W6783099479","https://openalex.org/W6783650323","https://openalex.org/W6797951480","https://openalex.org/W6799331316","https://openalex.org/W6801880476","https://openalex.org/W6810240388","https://openalex.org/W6838844109","https://openalex.org/W6839180059","https://openalex.org/W6839821289","https://openalex.org/W6841094356","https://openalex.org/W6852177738","https://openalex.org/W6859115592","https://openalex.org/W6861403355"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1941703695","https://openalex.org/W4248382324","https://openalex.org/W3131574667","https://openalex.org/W4323768008","https://openalex.org/W4360995134","https://openalex.org/W2039473718","https://openalex.org/W2387529410","https://openalex.org/W3023605104","https://openalex.org/W2383578611","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Predicting":[0],"the":[1,4,24,110,130,146,154,163,182,185,199,203,217,227,242,263,267],"trajectory":[2,47,95,117,246],"of":[3,23,100,112,142,165,187],"ego":[5,45,147,243],"vehicle":[6,46],"is":[7,126],"a":[8,41,83,101,135,173,176,193,211,223,236],"critical":[9],"task":[10],"for":[11],"autonomous":[12],"vehicles.":[13],"Even":[14],"though":[15],"traffic":[16],"regulations":[17],"have":[18],"defined":[19],"boundaries,":[20],"various":[21],"behaviors":[22],"agents":[25,221],"in":[26,44,222],"real-life":[27],"situations":[28],"introduce":[29,57],"complexities":[30],"that":[31,86,262],"are":[32,169,190,208,233],"hard":[33],"to":[34,40,88,128,134,171,215,235,240],"capture":[35],"comprehensively.":[36],"This":[37],"has":[38,252],"led":[39],"rising":[42],"curiosity":[43],"prediction":[48,96,118],"based":[49,197],"on":[50,198,256],"learning":[51],"techniques.":[52],"In":[53],"this":[54],"paper,":[55],"we":[56,108],"BEVSeg2GTA":[58],"(<underline":[59],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[60,62,64,69,73,78,80],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">B</u>ird\u2019s-<underline":[61],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">E</u>ye-<underline":[63],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">V</u>iew":[65],"Joint":[66],"Vehicle":[67],"<underline":[68,72,77],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Seg</u>mentation":[70],"and":[71,94,116,151,205],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">G</u>raph":[74],"Neural":[75,213,229],"Network":[76,214,230,239],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">T</u>r<underline":[79],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">a</u>jectory":[81],"Prediction),":[82],"novel":[84],"approach":[85],"aims":[87],"forecast":[89],"trajectories":[90],"by":[91,139,192],"treating":[92],"perception":[93,114],"as":[97,160],"interconnected":[98],"elements":[99],"single":[102],"system.":[103],"By":[104],"integrating":[105],"these":[106,188],"tasks,":[107],"demonstrate":[109,261],"possibility":[111],"improving":[113],"accuracy":[115],"error.":[119],"Initially,":[120],"an":[121],"encoder-decoder":[122],"transformer-based":[123],"deep":[124],"network":[125],"employed":[127],"convert":[129],"multi-view":[131],"camera":[132],"images":[133],"Bird\u2019s-Eye-View":[136],"representation":[137],"followed":[138],"semantic":[140],"segmentation":[141],"crucial":[143],"agents,":[144],"including":[145],"vehicle,":[148],"other":[149],"vehicles,":[150],"pedestrians":[152],"within":[153,181],"scene.":[155,183],"Integrating":[156],"state-of-the-art":[157,268],"backbone":[158],"(such":[159],"EfficientNet)":[161],"facilitates":[162],"extraction":[164],"strong":[166],"features,":[167],"which":[168],"used":[170],"construct":[172],"graph":[174],"wherein":[175],"node":[177,204],"represents":[178],"each":[179],"object":[180],"Subsequently,":[184],"connections":[186],"nodes":[189],"established":[191],"k-Nearest":[194],"Neighbors":[195],"algorithm":[196],"distance":[200],"metric.":[201],"Further,":[202],"image":[206],"features":[207,232],"fed":[209],"into":[210],"Graph":[212,228],"learn":[216],"complex":[218],"relationships":[219],"between":[220],"spatial":[224],"context.":[225],"Finally,":[226],"learned":[231],"passed":[234],"Spatio-Temporal":[237],"Probabilistic":[238],"predict":[241],"vehicle\u2019s":[244],"future":[245],"accurately.":[247],"The":[248,259],"proposed":[249,264],"framework,":[250],"BEVSeg2GTA,":[251],"been":[253],"extensively":[254],"evaluated":[255],"nuScenes":[257],"datasets.":[258],"results":[260],"method":[265],"improves":[266],"performance.":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}