{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402435304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3457846","title":"SecureLite: An Intelligent Defense Mechanism for Securing CNN Models Against Model Inversion Attack","display_name":"SecureLite: An Intelligent Defense Mechanism for Securing CNN Models Against Model Inversion Attack","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402435304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3457846"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3457846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3457846","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3457846","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017406967","display_name":"Hanan Hussain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4669-4402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164135","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Dubai Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/05jnbme07","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164135","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799752099","display_name":"Synergy University Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/034ee3t09","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799752099","https://openalex.org/I4210115303"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hanan Hussain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani, Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates","Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani Dubai Campus, DIAC, Dubai, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani, Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799752099","https://openalex.org/I4210164135"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani Dubai Campus, DIAC, Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799752099","https://openalex.org/I4210164135"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029287956","display_name":"P. S. Tamizharasan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799752099","display_name":"Synergy University Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/034ee3t09","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799752099","https://openalex.org/I4210115303"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164135","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Dubai Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/05jnbme07","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164135","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"PS Tamizharasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani, Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates","Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani Dubai Campus, DIAC, Dubai, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani, Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799752099","https://openalex.org/I4210164135"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani Dubai Campus, DIAC, Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799752099","https://openalex.org/I4210164135"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085525193","display_name":"Gaurang Pandit","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9859-8068"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164135","display_name":"Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Dubai Campus","ror":"https://ror.org/05jnbme07","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164135","https://openalex.org/I74796645"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799752099","display_name":"Synergy University Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/034ee3t09","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799752099","https://openalex.org/I4210115303"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaurang Rajeev Pandit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani, Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates","Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani Dubai Campus, DIAC, Dubai, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani, Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799752099","https://openalex.org/I4210164135"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, BITS Pilani Dubai Campus, DIAC, Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799752099","https://openalex.org/I4210164135"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044789227","display_name":"Alavikunhu Panthakkan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7746-0609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132806614","display_name":"University of Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/05h0z7c09","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alavikunhu Panthakkan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates","Department of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081414719","display_name":"Wathiq Mansoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2784-5188"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132806614","display_name":"University of Dubai","ror":"https://ror.org/05h0z7c09","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wathiq Mansoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates","Department of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, UAE"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering and IT, University of Dubai, UAE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132806614"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017406967"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799752099","https://openalex.org/I4210164135"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7724,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76337462,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"137599","last_page":"137617"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12034","display_name":"Digital and Cyber Forensics","score":0.9645000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9370999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7662174701690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.584241509437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","score":0.47163936495780945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4255714416503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34405314922332764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.07818454504013062}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7662174701690674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.584241509437561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.47163936495780945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4255714416503906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34405314922332764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.07818454504013062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3457846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3457846","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:110d3240195c4324965a53216cf26638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/110d3240195c4324965a53216cf26638","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 137599-137617 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3457846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3457846","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.5299999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W2051267297","https://openalex.org/W2067713319","https://openalex.org/W2114770744","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2155904486","https://openalex.org/W2180612164","https://openalex.org/W2435473771","https://openalex.org/W2473418344","https://openalex.org/W2535690855","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2765200655","https://openalex.org/W2767079719","https://openalex.org/W2884943453","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W2963378725","https://openalex.org/W2963456518","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2964082701","https://openalex.org/W2975819162","https://openalex.org/W2989885118","https://openalex.org/W3003416411","https://openalex.org/W3035616549","https://openalex.org/W3043638540","https://openalex.org/W3136120147","https://openalex.org/W3138815606","https://openalex.org/W3152758407","https://openalex.org/W3177170788","https://openalex.org/W3179862281","https://openalex.org/W3197399603","https://openalex.org/W3212202716","https://openalex.org/W4212947536","https://openalex.org/W4226136925","https://openalex.org/W4293846201","https://openalex.org/W4313459321","https://openalex.org/W4315784647","https://openalex.org/W4367368092","https://openalex.org/W4385482609","https://openalex.org/W6637162671","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6640425456","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6728897251","https://openalex.org/W6737664043","https://openalex.org/W6758949196","https://openalex.org/W6763664782","https://openalex.org/W6768460890","https://openalex.org/W6776993083","https://openalex.org/W6794669055","https://openalex.org/W6795666385","https://openalex.org/W6810527580","https://openalex.org/W6810907425","https://openalex.org/W6847392884","https://openalex.org/W6849071269","https://openalex.org/W6859703518"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052","https://openalex.org/W2382997850","https://openalex.org/W2382290278"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,79,146],"growing":[1],"use":[2],"of":[3,27,37,61],"deep":[4],"learning":[5],"models":[6,29],"in":[7,123,130,176,216],"end-device":[8],"applications":[9],"has":[10],"led":[11],"to":[12,30,128,162,210],"various":[13,153],"inference":[14],"attacks":[15,57,136],"and":[16,65,120,144,160,203,214],"associated":[17],"data":[18,63,66,200],"privacy":[19,201],"threats.":[20],"Recent":[21],"research":[22],"also":[23,150],"reveals":[24],"the":[25,35,131,177],"susceptibility":[26],"CNN":[28,112],"model":[31,55,75,99,134,185,194,204],"inversion-inference":[32],"attacks,":[33],"including":[34,115,141,157],"reversal":[36],"private":[38],"training":[39,83],"data.":[40],"In":[41],"response,":[42],"this":[43],"paper":[44],"proposes":[45],"a":[46,59,71,167,207],"novel":[47,72],"defense":[48,174],"strategy":[49],"called":[50],"SecureLite,":[51],"which":[52],"defends":[53],"against":[54],"inversion":[56,100,135],"through":[58],"series":[60],"complex":[62],"processing":[64],"augmentation":[67],"steps,":[68],"followed":[69],"by":[70,105],"adversarial":[73,82],"training-aware":[74],"obfuscation":[76],"(ATMO)":[77],"algorithm.":[78],"ATMO":[80],"involves":[81],"with":[84,88,170],"defensive":[85],"distillation,":[86],"coupled":[87],"Laplace":[89],"weight":[90],"obfuscation.":[91],"Our":[92],"results":[93,190],"demonstrate":[94],"that":[95,182],"SecureLite":[96],"effectively":[97],"mitigates":[98],"attacks.":[101],"This":[102,196],"is":[103,179],"evidenced":[104],"image":[106],"classification":[107],"tasks":[108],"on":[109,138],"four":[110],"different":[111],"target":[113],"models,":[114],"Simple":[116],"CNN,":[117],"AlexNet,":[118],"VGG-16,":[119],"MobileNet-V1,":[121],"resulting":[122],"reductions":[124],"ranging":[125],"from":[126],"85.69%":[127],"99.36%":[129],"ASR":[132],"for":[133],"tested":[137],"multiple":[139],"datasets,":[140],"CIFAR-10,":[142],"GTSRB,":[143],"Caltech-101.":[145],"inverted":[147],"images":[148],"are":[149],"evaluated":[151],"using":[152],"benchmarking":[154],"performance":[155],"metrics,":[156],"LPIPS,":[158],"SSIM,":[159],"PSNR,":[161],"ensure":[163],"quality":[164],"degradation.":[165],"Furthermore,":[166],"comparative":[168],"analysis":[169],"three":[171],"other":[172],"state-of-the-art":[173],"mechanisms":[175],"literature":[178],"conducted,":[180],"revealing":[181],"our":[183],"proposed":[184],"outperforms":[186],"them,":[187],"achieving":[188],"superior":[189],"without":[191],"compromising":[192],"overall":[193],"performance.":[195],"method":[197],"greatly":[198],"enhances":[199],"protection":[202],"security,":[205],"making":[206],"significant":[208],"contribution":[209],"addressing":[211],"unexpected":[212],"issues":[213],"impacts":[215],"current":[217],"technologies.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-22T23:10:17.713674","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}