{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402258915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3455096","title":"UAV Geo-Localization for Navigation: A Survey","display_name":"UAV Geo-Localization for Navigation: A Survey","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402258915","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3455096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3455096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3455096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3455096","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064758488","display_name":"Danilo Avola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9437-6217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danilo Avola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9437-6217","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032721141","display_name":"Luigi Cinque","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9149-2175"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luigi Cinque","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9149-2175","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028003415","display_name":"Emad Emam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emad Emam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9779-4098","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010868900","display_name":"Federico Fontana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0437-7832"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Federico Fontana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078277002","display_name":"Gian Luca Foresti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8425-6892"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129043915","display_name":"University of Udine","ror":"https://ror.org/05ht0mh31","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gian Luca Foresti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of of Mathematics, Computer Science and Physics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8425-6892","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of of Mathematics, Computer Science and Physics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129043915"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069310487","display_name":"Marco Raoul Marini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2540-2570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Raoul Marini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2540-2570","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023861228","display_name":"Alessio Mecca","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1370-8759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessio Mecca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1370-8759","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029149912","display_name":"Daniele Pannone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6446-6473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I861853513","display_name":"Sapienza University of Rome","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniele Pannone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6446-6473","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I861853513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":10.4813,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97577876,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"125332","last_page":"125357"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10586","display_name":"Robotic Path Planning Algorithms","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6219441890716553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.37681883573532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.36423832178115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.21416226029396057}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6219441890716553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.37681883573532104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.36423832178115845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.21416226029396057}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3455096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3455096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bb3ce995eb2e4b94a3e414bc235f8c9e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bb3ce995eb2e4b94a3e414bc235f8c9e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 125332-125357 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.uniroma1.it:11573/1748952","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1748952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196107","display_name":"IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3455096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3455096","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7359756587","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RM1221816C1CF63B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322510","funder_display_name":"Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322510","display_name":"Sapienza Universit\u00e0 di Roma","ror":"https://ror.org/02be6w209"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1938020354","https://openalex.org/W2117539524","https://openalex.org/W2121765205","https://openalex.org/W2157364932","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2199890863","https://openalex.org/W2477379160","https://openalex.org/W2479919622","https://openalex.org/W2528578439","https://openalex.org/W2598199894","https://openalex.org/W2737258237","https://openalex.org/W2788294449","https://openalex.org/W2799087793","https://openalex.org/W2883311563","https://openalex.org/W2951019013","https://openalex.org/W2963073614","https://openalex.org/W2963423786","https://openalex.org/W2963474852","https://openalex.org/W2965143341","https://openalex.org/W2968394312","https://openalex.org/W2981670313","https://openalex.org/W2992003162","https://openalex.org/W3027142578","https://openalex.org/W3081227581","https://openalex.org/W3085431451","https://openalex.org/W3090338484","https://openalex.org/W3092933908","https://openalex.org/W3101483912","https://openalex.org/W3122349283","https://openalex.org/W3130508491","https://openalex.org/W3131665280","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3159756907","https://openalex.org/W3205797353","https://openalex.org/W3206077556","https://openalex.org/W3208624263","https://openalex.org/W3214744507","https://openalex.org/W4200029177","https://openalex.org/W4200599876","https://openalex.org/W4206760693","https://openalex.org/W4213450898","https://openalex.org/W4220891956","https://openalex.org/W4223954537","https://openalex.org/W4226255358","https://openalex.org/W4285246495","https://openalex.org/W4293250593","https://openalex.org/W4293518658","https://openalex.org/W4389454275","https://openalex.org/W4396914836","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6766729115"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"During":[0,114],"the":[1,22,40,61,69,115,139,142,158,193,206,209],"flight,":[2],"Unmanned":[3],"Aerial":[4],"Vehicles":[5],"(UAVs)":[6],"usually":[7],"exploit":[8],"internal":[9],"sensors":[10],"to":[11,84,103,124,138,170,187,192],"determine":[12],"their":[13,95,112,131],"position.":[14,113],"The":[15],"most":[16],"useful":[17],"and":[18,57,97,152,195,208],"used":[19],"one":[20,156],"is":[21,134,148,166],"Global":[23,32],"Positioning":[24],"System":[25,35],"(GPS),":[26],"or,":[27],"more":[28,196],"in":[29,51,72],"general,":[30],"any":[31],"Navigation":[33,203],"Satellite":[34],"(GNSS).":[36],"Modern":[37],"GPSs":[38],"provide":[39,125,171,188],"correct":[41],"device\u2019s":[42],"location":[43,132],"with":[44,54,127,173],"a":[45,52,128,189],"few":[46],"meters":[47],"of":[48,63,77,111,119,130,141,157,161],"displacement,":[49],"especially":[50],"scenario":[53],"good":[55],"weather":[56],"open":[58],"sky.":[59],"However,":[60],"lack":[62],"these":[64],"optimal":[65],"conditions":[66],"highly":[67],"impacts":[68],"accuracy.":[70],"Moreover,":[71,164],"restricted":[73],"areas":[74],"or":[75],"fields":[76],"war,":[78],"several":[79],"anti-drone":[80],"techniques":[81,120],"are":[82,99,108],"applied":[83],"limit":[85],"UAVs":[86,92,126,172],"capabilities.":[87],"Without":[88],"proper":[89],"counter":[90],"solutions,":[91],"cannot":[93],"continue":[94],"task":[96],"sometimes":[98],"not":[100,109,135,180],"even":[101],"able":[102],"come":[104],"back":[105],"since":[106],"they":[107],"aware":[110],"last":[116],"years,":[117],"plenty":[118],"have":[121],"been":[122],"developed":[123],"knowledge":[129],"that":[133,178],"strictly":[136],"connected":[137],"availability":[140],"GPS":[143],"sensor.":[144],"This":[145,184],"research":[146,165],"field":[147],"commonly":[149],"called":[150],"Geo-Localization":[151,201],"can":[153],"be":[154],"considered":[155],"hot":[159],"topics":[160],"UAV":[162,200],"research.":[163],"going":[167],"further,":[168],"trying":[169],"fully":[174],"autonomous":[175],"navigation":[176],"systems":[177],"do":[179],"use":[181],"hijackable":[182],"sensors.":[183],"survey":[185],"aims":[186],"quick":[190],"guide":[191],"newest":[194],"promising":[197],"methodologies":[198],"for":[199,202],"tasks,":[204],"showing":[205],"differences":[207],"related":[210],"application":[211],"fields.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-12-27T23:08:20.325037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}