{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401567875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3443638","title":"SCAN: Surveillance Camera Array Network for Enhanced Passenger Detection","display_name":"SCAN: Surveillance Camera Array Network for Enhanced Passenger Detection","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401567875","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3443638"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3443638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3443638","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3443638","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018272295","display_name":"Pavol Kuch\u00e1r","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3295-1989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pavol Kuch\u00e1r","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control and Information Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of &#x017D;ilina, &#x017D;ilina, Slovak Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3295-1989","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control and Information Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of &#x017D;ilina, &#x017D;ilina, Slovak Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000949615","display_name":"Rastislav Pirn\u00edk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1644-2180"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rastislav Pirn\u00edk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control and Information Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of &#x017D;ilina, &#x017D;ilina, Slovak Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1644-2180","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control and Information Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of &#x017D;ilina, &#x017D;ilina, Slovak Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093648169","display_name":"J\u00falia Kafkov\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5994-531X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J\u00falia Kafkov\u00e1","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control and Information Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of &#x017D;ilina, &#x017D;ilina, Slovak Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5994-531X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control and Information Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of &#x017D;ilina, &#x017D;ilina, Slovak Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011188318","display_name":"Tom\u00e1\u0161 Tich\u00fd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-3292"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44504214","display_name":"Czech Technical University in Prague","ror":"https://ror.org/03kqpb082","country_code":"CZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tom\u00e1\u0161 Tich\u00fd","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Transportation Sciences, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2371-3292","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Transportation Sciences, Czech Technical University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44504214"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082486038","display_name":"Jana \u010euri\u0161ov\u00e1","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9619-3369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jana \u010euri\u0161ov\u00e1","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of &#x017D;ilina, &#x017D;ilina, Slovak Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9619-3369","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of &#x017D;ilina, &#x017D;ilina, Slovak Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064575634","display_name":"Michal Skuba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-9648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michal Skuba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Control and Information Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of &#x017D;ilina, &#x017D;ilina, Slovak Republic"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5453-9648","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Control and Information Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of &#x017D;ilina, &#x017D;ilina, Slovak Republic","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018272295"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0145,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72300897,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"115237","last_page":"115255"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12406","display_name":"IoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems","score":0.9639999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12406","display_name":"IoT and GPS-based Vehicle Safety Systems","score":0.9639999866485596,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9024999737739563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.673151969909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5287688970565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.43167099356651306}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.673151969909668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5287688970565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.43167099356651306}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3443638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3443638","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:37cf1cc027c04f888b43efad1abf0338","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/37cf1cc027c04f888b43efad1abf0338","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 115237-115255 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3443638","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3443638","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6299999952316284}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6325612651","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1/0241/22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323641","funder_display_name":"Vedeck\u00e1 Grantov\u00e1 Agent\u00fara M\u0160VVa\u0160 SR a SAV"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323641","display_name":"Vedeck\u00e1 Grantov\u00e1 Agent\u00fara M\u0160VVa\u0160 SR a SAV","ror":"https://ror.org/044gwpv05"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597682048","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1958550617","https://openalex.org/W1963498942","https://openalex.org/W1964768975","https://openalex.org/W1977272108","https://openalex.org/W2001412060","https://openalex.org/W2008612872","https://openalex.org/W2023220113","https://openalex.org/W2046159994","https://openalex.org/W2063447382","https://openalex.org/W2066419714","https://openalex.org/W2069649318","https://openalex.org/W2069841008","https://openalex.org/W2097413917","https://openalex.org/W2112731915","https://openalex.org/W2114469395","https://openalex.org/W2116510335","https://openalex.org/W2121941981","https://openalex.org/W2124627051","https://openalex.org/W2129789326","https://openalex.org/W2138837160","https://openalex.org/W2147078473","https://openalex.org/W2153078532","https://openalex.org/W2155613961","https://openalex.org/W2184103273","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2286278699","https://openalex.org/W2398750023","https://openalex.org/W2936901535","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2976904079","https://openalex.org/W3018380014","https://openalex.org/W3034897322","https://openalex.org/W3042677542","https://openalex.org/W3058008494","https://openalex.org/W3094394954","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W3110006947","https://openalex.org/W3192813430","https://openalex.org/W3215322634","https://openalex.org/W3217175436","https://openalex.org/W4221030476","https://openalex.org/W4281672531","https://openalex.org/W4315566253","https://openalex.org/W4320924988","https://openalex.org/W4366135284","https://openalex.org/W4385815539","https://openalex.org/W4386498394","https://openalex.org/W4387005949","https://openalex.org/W4387139377","https://openalex.org/W4390556752","https://openalex.org/W4392778445","https://openalex.org/W4403770406","https://openalex.org/W6678578335","https://openalex.org/W6686412855","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6862000706"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2775347418","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,82,187],"automated":[1,32],"detection":[2,80],"of":[3,68,93,147,231],"individuals":[4],"within":[5,89,209],"vehicles,":[6],"with":[7,65,99,109,184,228],"minimal":[8],"to":[9,30,234],"no":[10],"human":[11],"intervention,":[12],"hold":[13],"multifaceted":[14],"implications":[15],"in":[16,97,130,181,194,239],"contemporary":[17],"contexts.":[18],"These":[19],"applications":[20],"span":[21],"from":[22],"aiding":[23],"emergency":[24],"responders":[25],"and":[26,36,43,75,114,153,166,204,224],"optimising":[27],"transportation":[28],"networks":[29],"facilitating":[31],"crash":[33],"response":[34],"mechanisms":[35],"enforcing":[37],"regulations":[38],"concerning":[39],"High":[40,44],"Occupancy":[41,45],"Vehicle":[42],"Toll":[46],"lanes.":[47],"In":[48],"this":[49,241],"paper,":[50],"we":[51,141,156,213],"introduce":[52],"our":[53,174],"camera":[54,121,159],"system":[55,177],"designed":[56],"for":[57],"passenger":[58],"counting,":[59],"leveraging":[60],"five":[61],"IP":[62,105],"cameras":[63,106],"equipped":[64,183],"a":[66],"range":[67],"optical":[69,116],"filters,":[70,117],"employing":[71],"image":[72,145,161,164,168],"registration":[73],"techniques,":[74],"integrating":[76],"the":[77,90,94,100,119,136],"YOLOv8":[78],"object":[79],"model.":[81],"Surveillance":[83],"Camera":[84],"Array":[85],"Network":[86],"(SCAN)":[87],"operates":[88],"near-infrared":[91],"domain":[92],"electromagnetic":[95],"spectrum":[96],"conjunction":[98],"visible":[101],"part.":[102],"Four":[103],"VIVOTEK":[104],"are":[107],"outfitted":[108],"near-infrared,":[110],"neutral":[111],"density,":[112],"polarising,":[113],"ultraviolet":[115],"while":[118],"final":[120],"retains":[122],"its":[123],"stock":[124],"lens.":[125],"Our":[126,170],"primary":[127],"challenge":[128],"lies":[129],"managing":[131],"variable":[132],"lighting":[133],"conditions":[134,192],"throughout":[135],"day.":[137],"However,":[138],"during":[139,190],"nighttime,":[140],"achieve":[142],"nearly":[143],"perfect":[144],"capture":[146],"vehicles.":[148],"To":[149],"mitigate":[150],"noise,":[151],"glare,":[152],"other":[154],"impediments,":[155],"initially":[157],"apply":[158],"calibration,":[160],"preprocessing,":[162],"cropping,":[163],"registration,":[165],"finally,":[167],"fusion.":[169],"findings":[171],"demonstrate":[172],"that":[173],"cost-effective":[175],"SCAN":[176],"adeptly":[178],"detects":[179],"passengers":[180,218],"cars":[182],"window":[185,232],"tinting.":[186],"results":[188],"obtained":[189],"testing":[191],"resulted":[193],"an":[195],"66%":[196],"true":[197],"positive":[198,202],"rate,":[199],"8%":[200],"false":[201,206],"rate":[203,208],"26%":[205],"negative":[207],"best":[210],"dataset.":[211],"Additionally,":[212],"provide":[214],"created":[215],"datasets":[216],"displaying":[217],"inside":[219],"Suzuki":[220],"Vitara,":[221],"Jaguar":[222],"XF,":[223],"Honda":[225],"CRV":[226],"vehicles":[227],"various":[229],"levels":[230],"tinting,":[233],"facilitate":[235],"future":[236],"community":[237],"endeavors":[238],"addressing":[240],"challenging":[242],"task.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
