{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401326315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3438619","title":"A Novel Intrusion Detection Model for Enhancing Security in Smart City","display_name":"A Novel Intrusion Detection Model for Enhancing Security in Smart City","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401326315","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3438619"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3438619","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3438619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3438619","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023252755","display_name":"Majed Aborokbah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7376-1458"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72264486","display_name":"University of Tabuk","ror":"https://ror.org/04yej8x59","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72264486"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Majed M. Aborokbah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computers and Information Technology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computers and Information Technology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72264486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5023252755"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72264486"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.2873,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92681998,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"107431","last_page":"107444"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13038","display_name":"Internet of Things and AI","score":0.9776999950408936,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7832612991333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5944316983222961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-pre-processing","display_name":"Data pre-processing","score":0.5653842687606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.469748318195343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.4479415714740753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.4178035259246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37214016914367676}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7832612991333008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5944316983222961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10551718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227332","display_name":"Data pre-processing","level":2,"score":0.5653842687606812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.469748318195343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.4479415714740753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.4178035259246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37214016914367676}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3438619","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3438619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1238151900f14c0687a3985d996ea658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1238151900f14c0687a3985d996ea658","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 107431-107444 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3438619","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3438619","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2576179182","https://openalex.org/W2752737474","https://openalex.org/W2902106343","https://openalex.org/W2944406047","https://openalex.org/W2957283238","https://openalex.org/W2969862035","https://openalex.org/W3010187224","https://openalex.org/W3033752295","https://openalex.org/W3049047119","https://openalex.org/W3089831155","https://openalex.org/W3092125438","https://openalex.org/W3170077347","https://openalex.org/W3194525286","https://openalex.org/W3214529927","https://openalex.org/W4210425650","https://openalex.org/W4213455216","https://openalex.org/W4256278692","https://openalex.org/W4281493093","https://openalex.org/W4283465138","https://openalex.org/W4303856605","https://openalex.org/W4310364078","https://openalex.org/W4319316768","https://openalex.org/W4321372072","https://openalex.org/W4362639200","https://openalex.org/W4366599006","https://openalex.org/W4386284232","https://openalex.org/W4386323913","https://openalex.org/W4386952037","https://openalex.org/W4388047599","https://openalex.org/W4391099793","https://openalex.org/W4391308218","https://openalex.org/W4391738122","https://openalex.org/W4391787571","https://openalex.org/W4392029898","https://openalex.org/W4392661227","https://openalex.org/W4392694748"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2989490741","https://openalex.org/W3092506759","https://openalex.org/W2367545121","https://openalex.org/W4248881655","https://openalex.org/W2482165163","https://openalex.org/W3010890513","https://openalex.org/W120741642","https://openalex.org/W138569904","https://openalex.org/W2390914021","https://openalex.org/W2952736244"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Preserving":[0],"the":[1,60,72,81,106,127,146,157,179,191,196,199,239,255,269,275,280],"smart":[2],"city":[3],"(SMC)":[4],"ecosystem":[5],"involves":[6],"reducing":[7],"environmental":[8],"pollution":[9,22],"and":[10,23,27,47,62,112,125,143,148,155,170,202,223,235,242,251,262,272],"implementing":[11],"effective":[12],"waste":[13,16],"management.":[14],"Effective":[15],"management":[17],"is":[18,95,103,122,184,206,213],"essential":[19],"for":[20,186,208,238,254],"minimizing":[21],"ensuring":[24],"a":[25,38,83,175],"cleaner":[26],"more":[28],"environmentally":[29],"friendly":[30],"atmosphere.":[31],"Proper":[32],"disposal":[33],"of":[34,52,64,119,178,217],"biodegradable":[35],"materials":[36],"plays":[37],"vital":[39],"role":[40],"in":[41,97,215,268],"achieving":[42],"this":[43,98,120],"goal.":[44],"Data":[45],"gathering":[46],"utilization":[48],"are":[49,57,68,151],"key":[50,117],"components":[51],"SMC":[53,66],"initiatives.":[54],"Nevertheless,":[55],"there":[56],"apprehensions":[58],"over":[59],"confidentiality":[61],"protection":[63],"data.":[65],"technologies":[67],"frequently":[69],"linked":[70],"to":[71,77,123,153],"internet,":[73],"making":[74],"them":[75],"susceptible":[76],"attackers.":[78],"To":[79],"identify":[80],"attacks,":[82],"novel":[84],"intrusion":[85],"detection":[86,218,231,247],"model":[87,102,111,205,212,226,277],"called":[88],"Smart":[89],"Waste":[90],"Management-Intrusion":[91],"Detection":[92],"System":[93],"(SWM-IDS)":[94],"proposed":[96,101],"research.":[99],"The":[100,116,129,160,210,225],"developed":[104],"using":[105],"Graph":[107,200],"Neural":[108],"Network":[109],"(GNN)":[110],"metaheuristic":[113],"optimization":[114],"algorithm.":[115],"objective":[118],"research":[121,130,158,276],"classify":[124],"detect":[126],"attacks.":[128],"model,":[131],"SWM-IDS":[132,211],"includes":[133,164],"four":[134],"main":[135],"phases:":[136],"data":[137,139,161,165,168],"collection,":[138],"preprocessing,":[140,174],"feature":[141],"selection":[142],"classification.":[144,209],"Initially,":[145],"CIC-IDS-2018":[147,240],"CIC-DDoS-2019":[149],"datasets":[150],"collected":[152],"train":[154],"evaluate":[156],"model.":[159],"preprocessing":[162],"phase":[163],"cleaning,":[166],"unnecessary":[167],"removal,":[169],"normalization":[171],"processes.":[172],"After":[173],"binary":[176],"variant":[177],"Whale":[180],"Optimizer":[181],"(BWO)":[182],"algorithm":[183],"used":[185],"selecting":[187],"optimal":[188],"features":[189],"from":[190],"input":[192],"dataset.":[193,257],"Based":[194],"on":[195],"selected":[197],"features,":[198],"SAmple":[201],"aggreGatE":[203],"(GraphSAGE)":[204],"implemented":[207],"assessed":[214],"terms":[216],"rate,":[219,232,248],"accuracy,":[220,229,245],"f1-score,":[221,234],"FPR,":[222],"precision.":[224],"attained":[227,243],"99.72%":[228],"99.69%":[230],"99.65%":[233],"99.70%":[236],"precision":[237],"dataset":[241],"99.64%":[244],"99.51%":[246],"99.67%":[249],"precision,":[250],"99.58%":[252],"f1-score":[253],"CIC-DDoS":[256],"These":[258],"results":[259],"were":[260],"compared":[261],"validated":[263],"with":[264],"other":[265,281],"models":[266],"discussed":[267],"literature":[270],"review,":[271],"as":[273],"compared,":[274],"outperformed":[278],"all":[279],"models.":[282]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}