{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401387022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3436822","title":"Movement Disorder Evaluation of Parkinson\u2019s Disease Severity Based on Deep Neural Network Models","display_name":"Movement Disorder Evaluation of Parkinson\u2019s Disease Severity Based on Deep Neural Network Models","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401387022","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3436822"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3436822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3436822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3436822","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108243511","display_name":"Yung\u2010Chu Hsu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113809","display_name":"Chia-Yi Christian Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01em2mv62","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113809"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yung-Chu Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113809"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113324051","display_name":"Yu-Hsiang Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2136-6111"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113809","display_name":"Chia-Yi Christian Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01em2mv62","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113809"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Hsiang Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113809"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113324052","display_name":"Bo-Ren Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo-Ren Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034039375","display_name":"Sheng\u2010Feng Sung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6253-8813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113809","display_name":"Chia-Yi Christian Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01em2mv62","country_code":"TW","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113809"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sheng-Feng Sung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113809"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012460985","display_name":"Jia-Xin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1782-7412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia-Xin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1782-7412","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001237086","display_name":"Hsiu-Chun Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7311-5747"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hsiu-Chun Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Management, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","Department of Accounting and Information Technology, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, TW"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Management, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Accounting and Information Technology, National Chung Cheng University, Minhsiung, TW","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050423310","display_name":"Pao\u2010Ann Hsiung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-1467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148099254","display_name":"National Chung Cheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/0028v3876","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pao-Ann Hsiung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-1467","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148099254"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.5984,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83763809,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"143413","last_page":"143433"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10085","display_name":"Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10863","display_name":"Voice and Speech Disorders","score":0.9830999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10114","display_name":"Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention","score":0.9258000254631042,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3612","display_name":"Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7132514119148254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.704582929611206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-classification","display_name":"Binary classification","score":0.6386138796806335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pooling","display_name":"Pooling","score":0.5787227749824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.519892692565918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.4866374433040619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4776771664619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4693644344806671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.46766769886016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4647454619407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.356215238571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.17862161993980408}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7132514119148254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.704582929611206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66905080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17005494","display_name":"Binary classification","level":3,"score":0.6386138796806335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70437156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7228652","display_name":"Pooling","level":2,"score":0.5787227749824524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.519892692565918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.4866374433040619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4776771664619446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4693644344806671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.46766769886016846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4647454619407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.356215238571167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.17862161993980408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3436822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3436822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3156d036f3df4090b7987108d8bc26be","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3156d036f3df4090b7987108d8bc26be","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 143413-143433 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3436822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3436822","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2486052073","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NSTC 112-2634-F-194-001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8960300956","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CYCH-CCU-2022-06","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327650","funder_display_name":"Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327650","display_name":"Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01em2mv62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00wnb9798"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1991101029","https://openalex.org/W2007634950","https://openalex.org/W2140978740","https://openalex.org/W2338537628","https://openalex.org/W2559085405","https://openalex.org/W2739915297","https://openalex.org/W2751480770","https://openalex.org/W2963055278","https://openalex.org/W2964304707","https://openalex.org/W2975006071","https://openalex.org/W2979688620","https://openalex.org/W3042638361","https://openalex.org/W3044138220","https://openalex.org/W3134797301","https://openalex.org/W3162497604","https://openalex.org/W6737947904"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2953234277","https://openalex.org/W2626256601","https://openalex.org/W147410782","https://openalex.org/W2900413183","https://openalex.org/W4390975304","https://openalex.org/W3022252430","https://openalex.org/W4287804464","https://openalex.org/W3103989898","https://openalex.org/W3211292372","https://openalex.org/W803346624"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background:":[0],"Parkinson\u2019s":[1,231],"disease":[2,232],"has":[3,15,25],"been":[4],"extensively":[5],"studied":[6],"using":[7,19],"artificial":[8,90,238],"intelligence":[9,91,239],"for":[10,40,69,125,131,185,218,230],"severity":[11,41,101,107,221],"assessment.":[12,42,102],"Previous":[13],"research":[14,215],"achieved":[16,121,161,178],"excellent":[17],"results":[18,136],"wearable":[20,55],"solutions.":[21,56],"However,":[22],"this":[23,59],"approach":[24],"significant":[26],"cost":[27],"disadvantages,":[28],"especially":[29],"in":[30,100,223,248],"the":[31,44,95,114,126,132,153,235],"post-COVID-19":[32],"era.":[33],"Recently,":[34],"researchers":[35],"are":[36],"investigating":[37],"vision-based":[38,220],"alternatives":[39],"Unfortunately,":[43],"outcomes":[45],"of":[46,117,123,140,167,194,209,237],"these":[47,202],"attempts":[48],"often":[49],"fall":[50],"short":[51],"when":[52],"compared":[53,144,171],"to":[54,93,145,172,183,211],"Methods:":[57],"In":[58,113,152,199],"paper,":[60],"we":[61,87,120,177,241],"propose":[62],"a":[63],"novel":[64],"feature":[65],"extraction":[66],"method":[67,78],"suitable":[68],"temporal":[70,84],"models,":[71,96],"called":[72],"\u2019Multitemporal":[73],"Feature":[74],"Average":[75],"Pooling.\u2019":[76],"This":[77,214],"effectively":[79],"captures":[80],"crucial":[81,217],"features":[82],"from":[83,181],"data.":[85],"Additionally,":[86],"employ":[88],"interpretable":[89],"techniques":[92],"analyze":[94],"demonstrating":[97],"their":[98],"importance":[99],"Results:":[103],"We":[104],"trained":[105],"four":[106],"classification":[108],"models":[109],"based":[110],"on":[111],"MDS-UPDRS.":[112],"multi-class":[115,186],"task":[116],"finger":[118],"tapping,":[119],"accuracies":[122,179],"77%":[124],"left":[127],"hand":[128],"and":[129,142,158,169,196,246],"85%":[130],"right":[133],"hand.":[134],"These":[135],"represent":[137],"an":[138,165,205],"improvement":[139],"4.6%":[141],"12.6%":[143],"Shao":[146],"et":[147,174],"al.\u2019s":[148],"Three-Stream":[149],"CNN":[150],"model.":[151],"binary":[154,200],"classification,":[155,201],"both":[156],"left-":[157],"right-hand":[159],"tasks":[160,187,203],"92%":[162],"accuracy,":[163],"showing":[164],"increase":[166],"11.4%":[168],"14%":[170],"Chang":[173],"al.":[175],"Furthermore,":[176],"ranging":[180],"60%":[182],"80%":[184,210],"involving":[188],"Hand":[189],"Movements,":[190],"Rapid":[191],"Alternating":[192],"Movements":[193],"Hands,":[195],"Leg":[197],"Agility.":[198],"reached":[204],"even":[206],"higher":[207],"accuracy":[208],"90%.":[212],"Conclusion:":[213],"is":[216],"advancing":[219],"assessment":[222],"clinical":[224,249],"settings,":[225],"providing":[226],"more":[227],"accurate":[228],"evaluations":[229],"patients.":[233],"Through":[234],"application":[236],"technology,":[240],"anticipate":[242],"achieving":[243],"substantial":[244],"breakthroughs":[245],"advancements":[247],"practice.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2024-08-08T00:00:00"}
