{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401069729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3434714","title":"Transformer\u2019s Role in Brain MRI: A Scoping Review","display_name":"Transformer\u2019s Role in Brain MRI: A Scoping Review","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401069729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3434714"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3434714","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3434714","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3434714","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101992584","display_name":"Mansoor Hayat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1131-2398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158708052","display_name":"Chulalongkorn University","ror":"https://ror.org/028wp3y58","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158708052"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mansoor Hayat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1131-2398","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158708052"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069698375","display_name":"Supavadee Aramvith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9840-3171"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158708052","display_name":"Chulalongkorn University","ror":"https://ror.org/028wp3y58","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158708052"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Supavadee Aramvith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia Data Analytics and Processing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand","Multimedia Data Analytics and Processing Research Unit, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9840-3171","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia Data Analytics and Processing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158708052"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Multimedia Data Analytics and Processing Research Unit, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158708052"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158708052"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":10.0208,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98886835,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"108876","last_page":"108896"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10522","display_name":"Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7199137210845947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusion-mri","display_name":"Diffusion MRI","score":0.6907497644424438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroimaging","display_name":"Neuroimaging","score":0.617711067199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.6096546649932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.595662534236908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.5945510268211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.5404608249664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5101478695869446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.4395565688610077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4160230755805969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.3354329466819763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.3167344629764557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.23669782280921936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.15531766414642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.11636587977409363}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7199137210845947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149550507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899360","display_name":"Diffusion MRI","level":3,"score":0.6907497644424438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.617711067199707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.6096546649932861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.595662534236908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.5945510268211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779226451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903809","display_name":"Functional magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.5404608249664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5101478695869446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.4395565688610077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4160230755805969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.3354329466819763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3167344629764557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.23669782280921936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.15531766414642334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.11636587977409363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3434714","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3434714","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b44f67a3890248e7bae9710d4effd8ac","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b44f67a3890248e7bae9710d4effd8ac","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 108876-108896 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3434714","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3434714","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":203,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W57985618","https://openalex.org/W1509553110","https://openalex.org/W1973759448","https://openalex.org/W1990501863","https://openalex.org/W1997222702","https://openalex.org/W2007605930","https://openalex.org/W2054439940","https://openalex.org/W2069575783","https://openalex.org/W2089114477","https://openalex.org/W2123714584","https://openalex.org/W2133564696","https://openalex.org/W2135380777","https://openalex.org/W2141536381","https://openalex.org/W2171405125","https://openalex.org/W2212441899","https://openalex.org/W2764295685","https://openalex.org/W2900954917","https://openalex.org/W2982954585","https://openalex.org/W2991000712","https://openalex.org/W3012436782","https://openalex.org/W3015686902","https://openalex.org/W3046581697","https://openalex.org/W3086189541","https://openalex.org/W3095986980","https://openalex.org/W3101769997","https://openalex.org/W3165113708","https://openalex.org/W3176630962","https://openalex.org/W3198401109","https://openalex.org/W3202553706","https://openalex.org/W3202642596","https://openalex.org/W3202941780","https://openalex.org/W4205281574","https://openalex.org/W4210786716","https://openalex.org/W4210950701","https://openalex.org/W4212779222","https://openalex.org/W4212875960","https://openalex.org/W4221142621","https://openalex.org/W4224308582","https://openalex.org/W4224984693","https://openalex.org/W4224994441","https://openalex.org/W4225007440","https://openalex.org/W4225008398","https://openalex.org/W4225370003","https://openalex.org/W4226081971","https://openalex.org/W4226133625","https://openalex.org/W4226497331","https://openalex.org/W4234246288","https://openalex.org/W4237018209","https://openalex.org/W4241089526","https://openalex.org/W4246888001","https://openalex.org/W4250866953","https://openalex.org/W4280499763","https://openalex.org/W4281640569","https://openalex.org/W4281778627","https://openalex.org/W4282918727","https://openalex.org/W4283022110","https://openalex.org/W4283080861","https://openalex.org/W4283219562","https://openalex.org/W4283382342","https://openalex.org/W4284896652","https://openalex.org/W4285011707","https://openalex.org/W4286374735","https://openalex.org/W4290612585","https://openalex.org/W4291801260","https://openalex.org/W4292729083","https://openalex.org/W4293163051","https://openalex.org/W4293652318","https://openalex.org/W4293659888","https://openalex.org/W4293812512","https://openalex.org/W4294237840","https://openalex.org/W4296963464","https://openalex.org/W4297236329","https://openalex.org/W4297903070","https://openalex.org/W4298005750","https://openalex.org/W4303628775","https://openalex.org/W4304080867","https://openalex.org/W4306406160","https://openalex.org/W4307726656","https://openalex.org/W4309094718","https://openalex.org/W4309544075","https://openalex.org/W4309631262","https://openalex.org/W4310236380","https://openalex.org/W4310467538","https://openalex.org/W4310854192","https://openalex.org/W4311769512","https://openalex.org/W4312250236","https://openalex.org/W4312694282","https://openalex.org/W4312749457","https://openalex.org/W4313334836","https://openalex.org/W4313413262","https://openalex.org/W4313443445","https://openalex.org/W4313452793","https://openalex.org/W4313646596","https://openalex.org/W4319158019","https://openalex.org/W4319317749","https://openalex.org/W4320712817","https://openalex.org/W4320728002","https://openalex.org/W4321438757","https://openalex.org/W4321793531","https://openalex.org/W4322707229","https://openalex.org/W4322739068","https://openalex.org/W4322754158","https://openalex.org/W4323519308","https://openalex.org/W4323670117","https://openalex.org/W4324135730","https://openalex.org/W4360899433","https://openalex.org/W4361302959","https://openalex.org/W4362499254","https://openalex.org/W4362565557","https://openalex.org/W4365135358","https://openalex.org/W4367174198","https://openalex.org/W4367663280","https://openalex.org/W4367665788","https://openalex.org/W4367728434","https://openalex.org/W4372349823","https://openalex.org/W4377704690","https://openalex.org/W4378650464","https://openalex.org/W4379928836","https://openalex.org/W4380358479","https://openalex.org/W4380881563","https://openalex.org/W4380989166","https://openalex.org/W4382135536","https://openalex.org/W4382203054","https://openalex.org/W4383315874","https://openalex.org/W4384517770","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385299137","https://openalex.org/W4385376394","https://openalex.org/W4385431294","https://openalex.org/W4385453535","https://openalex.org/W4385484536","https://openalex.org/W4386066055","https://openalex.org/W4386139617","https://openalex.org/W4386207881","https://openalex.org/W4386350558","https://openalex.org/W4386350567","https://openalex.org/W4386352535","https://openalex.org/W4386352556","https://openalex.org/W4386352564","https://openalex.org/W4386362577","https://openalex.org/W4386362668","https://openalex.org/W4386362686","https://openalex.org/W4386484968","https://openalex.org/W4386590685","https://openalex.org/W4386598490","https://openalex.org/W4386607826","https://openalex.org/W4386630433","https://openalex.org/W4386918813","https://openalex.org/W4387219636","https://openalex.org/W4387346454","https://openalex.org/W4387356825","https://openalex.org/W4387490656","https://openalex.org/W4387701541","https://openalex.org/W4387729602","https://openalex.org/W4387801725","https://openalex.org/W4387831763","https://openalex.org/W4387871058","https://openalex.org/W4387971059","https://openalex.org/W4387977826","https://openalex.org/W4388096148","https://openalex.org/W4388107585","https://openalex.org/W4388240489","https://openalex.org/W4388483603","https://openalex.org/W4388634608","https://openalex.org/W4388642353","https://openalex.org/W4388667135","https://openalex.org/W4388677178","https://openalex.org/W4388739212","https://openalex.org/W4388765096","https://openalex.org/W4389041179","https://openalex.org/W4389070723","https://openalex.org/W4389076584","https://openalex.org/W4389204121","https://openalex.org/W4389454505","https://openalex.org/W4389543157","https://openalex.org/W4389610152","https://openalex.org/W4389685368","https://openalex.org/W4389879930","https://openalex.org/W4389945738","https://openalex.org/W4390485476","https://openalex.org/W4390549893","https://openalex.org/W4390659960","https://openalex.org/W4390726385","https://openalex.org/W4390948981","https://openalex.org/W4390992117","https://openalex.org/W4391021568","https://openalex.org/W4391023547","https://openalex.org/W4391124922","https://openalex.org/W4391131603","https://openalex.org/W4391305780","https://openalex.org/W4391306186","https://openalex.org/W4391331120","https://openalex.org/W4391582541","https://openalex.org/W4391584570","https://openalex.org/W4391649643","https://openalex.org/W4391664583","https://openalex.org/W4391769034","https://openalex.org/W4391849671","https://openalex.org/W4391924162","https://openalex.org/W4391974589","https://openalex.org/W6679434410","https://openalex.org/W6846041338","https://openalex.org/W7034877452"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2185469136","https://openalex.org/W2327340211","https://openalex.org/W2011264131","https://openalex.org/W2027542625","https://openalex.org/W4292199793","https://openalex.org/W2282195379","https://openalex.org/W2089784006","https://openalex.org/W2295388821","https://openalex.org/W4296095749","https://openalex.org/W4379801084"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Magnetic":[0],"Resonance":[1],"Imaging":[2],"(MRI)":[3],"is":[4],"a":[5,119,127,135],"critical":[6],"imaging":[7,206],"technique":[8],"that":[9,194],"provides":[10],"detailed":[11],"visualization":[12],"of":[13,75,105,154,187,204],"internal":[14],"structures":[15],"without":[16],"harmful":[17],"radiation.":[18],"This":[19],"review":[20,82],"focuses":[21],"on":[22,122,178],"key":[23],"MRI":[24,32,36,58,70,158,198],"modalities,":[25],"including":[26,91],"T1-weighted":[27,38],"and":[28,34,55,68,98,116,146,171,200,207],"T2-weighted":[29,45],"imaging,":[30],"functional":[31],"(fMRI),":[33],"diffusion":[35,69],"(dMRI).":[37],"images":[39,46],"offer":[40],"precise":[41],"anatomical":[42],"details,":[43],"whereas":[44],"are":[47],"essential":[48],"for":[49,143],"highlighting":[50,140],"abnormalities":[51],"such":[52,111],"as":[53,112,126],"tumors":[54],"inflammation.":[56],"Functional":[57],"(fMRI)":[59],"captures":[60],"blood":[61],"flow":[62],"changes":[63],"related":[64],"to":[65,149,182,190],"neural":[66],"activity,":[67],"(dMRI)":[71],"tracks":[72],"the":[73,103,141,152,161,172,179,184,202],"movement":[74],"water":[76],"molecules":[77],"within":[78],"brain":[79,123,157,197],"tissues.":[80],"Our":[81],"synthesizes":[83],"insights":[84],"from":[85],"173":[86],"studies":[87,145],"across":[88],"major":[89],"databases,":[90],"PubMed,":[92],"ACM":[93],"Digital":[94],"Library,":[95],"IEEE":[96],"Xplore,":[97],"Google":[99],"Scholar.":[100],"We":[101],"emphasize":[102],"versatility":[104],"transformer":[106],"architectures":[107],"in":[108,138,156],"neuroimaging":[109],"applications,":[110],"segmentation,":[113],"detection,":[114],"reconstruction,":[115],"super-resolution,":[117],"with":[118],"particular":[120],"focus":[121],"tumor":[124],"segmentation":[125],"notable":[128],"achievement.":[129],"Despite":[130],"these":[131],"successes,":[132],"there":[133],"remains":[134],"significant":[136],"gap":[137],"research,":[139],"need":[142],"further":[144],"collaborative":[147],"efforts":[148],"fully":[150],"realize":[151],"potential":[153],"transformers":[155],"applications.":[159],"Following":[160],"PRISMA-ScR":[162],"guidelines,":[163],"this":[164],"analysis":[165,199],"explores":[166],"current":[167],"trends,":[168],"dataset":[169],"availability,":[170],"overall":[173],"research":[174,193],"landscape.":[175],"It":[176],"calls":[177],"scientific":[180],"community":[181],"investigate":[183],"underexplored":[185],"capabilities":[186],"transformers,":[188],"aiming":[189],"inspire":[191],"comprehensive":[192],"could":[195],"revolutionize":[196],"advance":[201],"fields":[203],"medical":[205],"neuroscience.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}