{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400975143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3433455","title":"SC-Lite: An Efficient Lightweight Model for Real-Time X-Ray Security Check","display_name":"SC-Lite: An Efficient Lightweight Model for Real-Time X-Ray Security Check","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400975143","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3433455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3433455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3433455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3433455","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103146929","display_name":"Li Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6054-7855"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23171815","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05fwr8z16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Li Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101863171","display_name":"Chunhai Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8765-6602"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23171815","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05fwr8z16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunhai Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115591699","display_name":"Yan Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23171815","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05fwr8z16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101728762","display_name":"Jiaxing Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0170-526X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23171815","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05fwr8z16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxing Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101280937","display_name":"Junyang Jia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23171815","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Light Industry","ror":"https://ror.org/05fwr8z16","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyang Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103146929"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23171815"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.2632,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.51245609,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"103419","last_page":"103432"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12422","display_name":"Radiomics and Machine Learning in Medical Imaging","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8470170497894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame-rate","display_name":"Frame rate","score":0.6992369890213013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.49252352118492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.4570766091346741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.36906343698501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.34659120440483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.24046218395233154}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8470170497894287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3261483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119565","display_name":"Frame rate","level":2,"score":0.6992369890213013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.49252352118492126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.4570766091346741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36906343698501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.34659120440483093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.24046218395233154}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3433455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3433455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e5233100fc8d4d3281eab96e44a0d9e4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e5233100fc8d4d3281eab96e44a0d9e4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 103419-103432 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3433455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3433455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2114338548","https://openalex.org/W2160815625","https://openalex.org/W2175342987","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2565516711","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2604319603","https://openalex.org/W2899013464","https://openalex.org/W2963125010","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963857746","https://openalex.org/W2964093967","https://openalex.org/W2964241181","https://openalex.org/W2964286876","https://openalex.org/W2971766686","https://openalex.org/W2982770724","https://openalex.org/W3008618223","https://openalex.org/W3018757597","https://openalex.org/W3019166713","https://openalex.org/W3034971973","https://openalex.org/W3035414587","https://openalex.org/W3035694605","https://openalex.org/W3041148953","https://openalex.org/W3045086295","https://openalex.org/W3092955400","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W3107867277","https://openalex.org/W3121696187","https://openalex.org/W3170647102","https://openalex.org/W3172752666","https://openalex.org/W3175630421","https://openalex.org/W3180134609","https://openalex.org/W3184439416","https://openalex.org/W3194248746","https://openalex.org/W3194663316","https://openalex.org/W3203494959","https://openalex.org/W3216279502","https://openalex.org/W4214667766","https://openalex.org/W4223999830","https://openalex.org/W4285008339","https://openalex.org/W4285241921","https://openalex.org/W4285386869","https://openalex.org/W4286498600","https://openalex.org/W4293234801","https://openalex.org/W4293584584","https://openalex.org/W4297775537","https://openalex.org/W4306776210","https://openalex.org/W4311017339","https://openalex.org/W4311346244","https://openalex.org/W4317931697","https://openalex.org/W4321350922","https://openalex.org/W4324351618","https://openalex.org/W4383888035","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4386831473","https://openalex.org/W4386917290","https://openalex.org/W4387529477","https://openalex.org/W4387738020","https://openalex.org/W4392405509","https://openalex.org/W4403770406","https://openalex.org/W6620707391","https://openalex.org/W6737664043","https://openalex.org/W6750227808","https://openalex.org/W6760424586","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6765342010","https://openalex.org/W6788034315","https://openalex.org/W6798838024","https://openalex.org/W6862000706"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4231775656","https://openalex.org/W2046435967","https://openalex.org/W2383646825","https://openalex.org/W2371018915","https://openalex.org/W2354191502","https://openalex.org/W1972225038","https://openalex.org/W3134658850","https://openalex.org/W2355938171","https://openalex.org/W2780079842","https://openalex.org/W4281256161"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Efficient":[0],"and":[1,14,84,114,155,158,174,179,198,253],"rapid":[2],"analysis":[3],"of":[4,54,116,138,152,171,211,239,255],"X-ray":[5],"images":[6],"is":[7,123],"crucial":[8],"for":[9,129],"detecting":[10],"contraband,":[11],"including":[12],"weapons":[13],"explosives,":[15],"at":[16],"transportation":[17],"hubs.":[18],"While":[19],"existing":[20,162],"models":[21,149],"like":[22],"YOLOv8":[23],"offer":[24],"high":[25],"performance,":[26],"they":[27],"often":[28],"fall":[29],"short":[30],"in":[31,57,131,150,164,176],"real-time":[32,52,153,251],"scenarios":[33],"due":[34],"to":[35,50,125,196,206,224,234,248],"slow":[36],"processing":[37],"speeds.":[38],"This":[39,242],"study":[40,243],"proposes":[41],"SC-Lite,":[42],"an":[43,209,237,245],"improved":[44],"model":[45,128,160,168,180],"based":[46],"on":[47,92],"YOLOv8,":[48],"designed":[49],"improve":[51,249],"detection":[53,156],"prohibited":[55],"items":[56],"environments":[58],"with":[59,106,226],"limited":[60],"computational":[61,82],"power,":[62],"such":[63],"as":[64],"embedded":[65],"systems.":[66,258],"We":[67],"propose":[68],"a":[69],"novel":[70],"acceleration":[71],"module,":[72],"the":[73,99,112,119,127,136,159,184,189,200,215,220,227,250],"CSPNet":[74],"Faster":[75],"Convolution":[76],"Network":[77],"Module":[78],"(C2F_FM),":[79],"which":[80],"reduces":[81],"redundancy":[83],"optimizes":[85],"memory":[86],"usage":[87],"by":[88,194,222],"focusing":[89],"standard":[90],"convolutions":[91],"key":[93],"channels,":[94],"thereby":[95],"enhancing":[96],"efficiency.":[97],"Furthermore,":[98],"Adaptation-BiFPN":[100],"module":[101],"improves":[102],"multi-scale":[103],"feature":[104],"fusion":[105],"dynamic,":[107],"content-aware":[108],"weighting,":[109],"increasing":[110],"both":[111],"sensitivity":[113],"accuracy":[115,254],"detections.":[117],"Additionally,":[118],"LAMP":[120],"pruning":[121],"strategy":[122],"utilized":[124],"optimize":[126],"deployment":[130],"resource-limited":[132],"environments,":[133],"significantly":[134],"reducing":[135],"complexity":[137],"its":[139],"architecture.":[140],"After":[141],"extensive":[142],"experimental":[143],"validation,":[144],"SC-Lite":[145,187,218],"outperforms":[146,161],"all":[147,165],"mainstream":[148],"terms":[151],"performance":[154,252],"accuracy,":[157],"methods":[163],"metrics.":[166],"The":[167],"achieved":[169],"reductions":[170],"72%,":[172],"62%,":[173],"70%":[175],"parameters,":[177],"computation,":[178],"size,":[181],"respectively.":[182],"On":[183],"LSIray":[185],"dataset,":[186,217],"boosted":[188],"mean":[190],"average":[191],"precision":[192],"(mAP)":[193],"0.3%":[195],"94.3%":[197],"enhanced":[199],"frame":[201,228],"rate":[202,229],"from":[203,231],"87":[204],"FPS":[205,233],"136":[207],"FPS,":[208,236],"improvement":[210,238],"49":[212],"FPS.":[213,241],"For":[214],"OPIXray":[216],"increased":[219],"mAP":[221],"1.5%":[223],"94.8%,":[225],"rising":[230],"344":[232],"400":[235],"56":[240],"provides":[244],"innovative":[246],"solution":[247],"security":[256],"inspection":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
