{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400877748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3431527","title":"RTNN: A Neural Network-Based In-Loop Filter in VVC Using Resblock and Transformer","display_name":"RTNN: A Neural Network-Based In-Loop Filter in VVC Using Resblock and Transformer","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400877748","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3431527"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3431527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3431527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3431527","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101909462","display_name":"Hao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6683-1734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100357484","display_name":"Yunfeng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-8792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunfeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corporation Ltd., Dongguan, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corporation Ltd., Dongguan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003623628","display_name":"Cheolkon Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0299-7206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheolkon Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100604915","display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4478-9974"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corporation Ltd., Dongguan, China","School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corporation Ltd., Dongguan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi&#x2019;an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100351521","display_name":"Ming Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3163-5992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corporation Ltd., Dongguan, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong OPPO Mobile Telecommunications Corporation Ltd., Dongguan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101909462"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.3121,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81235444,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"104599","last_page":"104610"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11105","display_name":"Advanced Image Processing Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7260192632675171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6468602418899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5619661808013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5598731637001038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5122384428977966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4705736041069031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.1396087408065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10232409834861755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7260192632675171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6468602418899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5619661808013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5598731637001038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5122384428977966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4705736041069031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.1396087408065796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10232409834861755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3431527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3431527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5c3e7545700e4f5db27c58e78de91218","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5c3e7545700e4f5db27c58e78de91218","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 104599-104610 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3431527","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3431527","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4457358854","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62111540272","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101700394","https://openalex.org/W2142683286","https://openalex.org/W2741137940","https://openalex.org/W2964125708","https://openalex.org/W2979041730","https://openalex.org/W3000775737","https://openalex.org/W3013522332","https://openalex.org/W3081342944","https://openalex.org/W3092825897","https://openalex.org/W3093334928","https://openalex.org/W3153323090","https://openalex.org/W3163669399","https://openalex.org/W3172995745","https://openalex.org/W3195470930","https://openalex.org/W3196840600","https://openalex.org/W3207918547","https://openalex.org/W4225672218","https://openalex.org/W4293519457","https://openalex.org/W4316660181","https://openalex.org/W4317555198","https://openalex.org/W4372270420","https://openalex.org/W4372347750","https://openalex.org/W4385486141","https://openalex.org/W4386172443","https://openalex.org/W4387490618"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391621807","https://openalex.org/W4321487865","https://openalex.org/W4313906399","https://openalex.org/W4391621790","https://openalex.org/W4239306820","https://openalex.org/W4391266461","https://openalex.org/W2590798552","https://openalex.org/W2811106690","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recently,":[0],"the":[1,16,46,51,70,155,167,180],"neural":[2,30],"network":[3,31],"(NN)-based":[4],"in-loop":[5,47,71,82],"filters":[6],"are":[7],"actively":[8],"explored":[9],"and":[10,58,88,109,115,118,153,188,203],"being":[11],"attempted":[12],"to":[13,36,92,111,132,147],"integrate":[14],"in":[15,50,73,84,97,130,151,201],"versatile":[17],"video":[18],"coding":[19,52],"(VVC).":[20],"Transformer":[21,68,110],"shows":[22],"better":[23,133],"global":[24],"feature":[25,43],"processing":[26],"capability":[27],"than":[28],"convolutional":[29],"(CNN),":[32],"which":[33,106],"is":[34,63,102,128,145,164],"complimentary":[35],"CNN":[37],"that":[38,179],"has":[39],"advantage":[40],"of":[41,158],"local":[42,117],"extraction.":[44],"Since":[45],"filter":[48,72,83,163],"operates":[49],"tree":[53],"unit":[54],"(CTU)":[55],"with":[56,213],"fixed":[57],"relatively":[59],"small":[60],"size,":[61],"it":[62],"very":[64],"suitable":[65],"for":[66,196],"introducing":[67,137],"into":[69,166],"VVC.":[74,98],"In":[75],"this":[76],"paper,":[77],"we":[78],"propose":[79],"an":[80,103],"NN-based":[81],"VVC":[85,168],"using":[86],"Resblock":[87,108],"Transformer,":[89],"named":[90],"RTNN,":[91],"suppress":[93],"complicated":[94],"compression":[95],"artifacts":[96],"The":[99,160],"proposed":[100,161,181],"RTNN":[101,131,162,182],"efficient":[104],"filter,":[105],"combines":[107],"extract":[112],"deep":[113],"features":[114,135],"capture":[116],"non-local":[119],"correlation":[120],"between":[121],"features.":[122],"Moreover,":[123],"a":[124,141],"novel":[125],"attention":[126],"module":[127],"designed":[129],"refine":[134],"by":[136],"auxiliary":[138],"information.":[139],"Besides,":[140],"multi-stage":[142],"training":[143,152],"strategy":[144],"used":[146],"consider":[148],"QP":[149],"distance":[150],"maximize":[154],"learning":[156],"ability":[157],"RTNN.":[159],"embedded":[165],"Test":[169],"Model":[170],"(VTM)-11.0_Neural":[171],"Network-based":[172],"Video":[173],"Coding":[174],"(NNVC)-3.0.":[175],"Experimental":[176],"results":[177],"show":[178],"achieves":[183],"average":[184],"{8.49%,":[185],"22.98%,":[186],"24.07%}":[187],"{9.23%,":[189],"22.47%,":[190],"22.31%}":[191],"BD-rate":[192],"reductions":[193],"over":[194],"VTM-11.0_NNVC-3.0":[195],"{Y,":[197],"Cb,":[198],"Cr}":[199],"channels":[200],"AI":[202],"RA":[204],"configurations,":[205],"respectively,":[206],"as":[207,209],"well":[208],"yields":[210],"significant":[211],"performance":[212],"acceptable":[214],"complexity.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
