{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400447457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3425572","title":"A Computer Vision-Based Standalone System for Automated Operational Data Collection at Non-Towered Airports","display_name":"A Computer Vision-Based Standalone System for Automated Operational Data Collection at Non-Towered Airports","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400447457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3425572"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3425572","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3425572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3425572","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085970919","display_name":"Mohammad Farhadmanesh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6772-0908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Farhadmanesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6772-0908","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003504268","display_name":"Abbas Rashidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4342-0588"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abbas Rashidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100281858","display_name":"Abhishek Kumar Subedi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3939-7563"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abhishek Kumar Subedi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3939-7563","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065006145","display_name":"Nikola Markovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0883-2701"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I223532165","display_name":"University of Utah","ror":"https://ror.org/03r0ha626","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikola Markovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0883-2701","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I223532165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.5406,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61179477,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"95245","last_page":"95264"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8192354440689087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6459070444107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6082550287246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5951014757156372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.550159215927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4967206120491028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.48596513271331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transponder","display_name":"Transponder (aeronautics)","score":0.4816526472568512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.26611655950546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.14907652139663696}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8192354440689087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6459070444107056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6082550287246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5951014757156372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.550159215927124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4967206120491028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.48596513271331787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117920542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332920","display_name":"Transponder (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4816526472568512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26611655950546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.14907652139663696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3425572","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3425572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4c9ca53f16834081bf0d127954681867","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4c9ca53f16834081bf0d127954681867","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 95245-95264 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3425572","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3425572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G812575663","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"UT20.605","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315303","funder_display_name":"Utah Department of Transportation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8918032675","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MPC-639","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316994","funder_display_name":"Mountain-Plains Consortium"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F3084693295","display_name":"Airport Cooperative Research Program","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315303","display_name":"Utah Department of Transportation","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320316994","display_name":"Mountain-Plains Consortium","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W299425187","https://openalex.org/W1846799578","https://openalex.org/W1889081078","https://openalex.org/W1964846093","https://openalex.org/W1972485769","https://openalex.org/W1975459468","https://openalex.org/W2017278151","https://openalex.org/W2080010506","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2159326548","https://openalex.org/W2160367227","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2194187530","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2240998070","https://openalex.org/W2241980672","https://openalex.org/W2416799949","https://openalex.org/W2516121007","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2550687635","https://openalex.org/W2556522401","https://openalex.org/W2587806386","https://openalex.org/W2618234929","https://openalex.org/W2768475350","https://openalex.org/W2782663138","https://openalex.org/W2799352122","https://openalex.org/W2802476978","https://openalex.org/W2885043035","https://openalex.org/W2910365895","https://openalex.org/W2921749595","https://openalex.org/W2944599236","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2979847810","https://openalex.org/W2990046387","https://openalex.org/W3004846386","https://openalex.org/W3045801508","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W3117119119","https://openalex.org/W3120370416","https://openalex.org/W3155126289","https://openalex.org/W3155966371","https://openalex.org/W4205629990","https://openalex.org/W4213108800","https://openalex.org/W4240176047","https://openalex.org/W4248936881","https://openalex.org/W4281382282","https://openalex.org/W4285209454","https://openalex.org/W4292982320","https://openalex.org/W4313546728","https://openalex.org/W4385489679","https://openalex.org/W4386926034","https://openalex.org/W4388378692","https://openalex.org/W4388933739","https://openalex.org/W4392908041","https://openalex.org/W6638677478","https://openalex.org/W6639432524","https://openalex.org/W6690229446","https://openalex.org/W6730169791"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556825762","https://openalex.org/W3152808161","https://openalex.org/W4206491743","https://openalex.org/W169506156","https://openalex.org/W2367823420","https://openalex.org/W4324372666","https://openalex.org/W4225706866","https://openalex.org/W2914646191","https://openalex.org/W3023564924","https://openalex.org/W2942586735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,162,198,230],"accurate":[1,169,199,243],"collection":[2],"of":[3,15,70,171,201,214,223,236,245],"operational":[4],"data":[5,102],"at":[6,89,141,158,254],"airports":[7,21],"is":[8,95,209],"essential":[9],"for":[10,36,137],"ensuring":[11],"the":[12,123,139,145,178,205,212,221,233,237],"fair":[13],"distribution":[14],"national":[16],"funds.":[17],"However,":[18,76],"many":[19],"U.S.":[20],"lack":[22],"control":[23],"towers,":[24],"which":[25],"forces":[26],"planners":[27],"to":[28,55,101,166,183],"rely":[29],"on":[30],"sound,":[31],"radio,":[32],"and":[33,52,73,105,126,134,196,220],"transponder-based":[34],"systems":[35],"detecting":[37],"aircraft":[38,175,190,193,202,249],"operations.":[39],"While":[40],"these":[41,110],"methods":[42,133],"are":[43,85],"useful,":[44],"they":[45],"have":[46],"limitations,":[47],"such":[48],"as":[49],"low":[50],"accuracy":[51],"an":[53,114,168,185,242],"inability":[54],"identify":[56],"specific":[57],"aircraft.":[58,75],"In":[59],"our":[60],"previous":[61],"work,":[62],"we":[63,112],"developed":[64],"a":[65,97,215,224,255],"computer":[66],"vision-based":[67],"system":[68,79,140,208],"capable":[69],"accurately":[71],"counting":[72],"identifying":[74],"implementing":[77],"this":[78],"requires":[80],"powerful":[81],"computing":[82,94,207],"devices":[83],"that":[84,241],"not":[86,96],"typically":[87],"found":[88],"non-towered":[90,160],"airports.":[91,142,161],"Additionally,":[92],"cloud":[93],"viable":[98],"option":[99],"due":[100],"transfer":[103],"limitations":[104],"associated":[106],"costs.":[107],"To":[108],"address":[109],"challenges,":[111],"propose":[113],"affordable":[115],"solution":[116],"utilizing":[117],"edge":[118,135,156,206],"computing.":[119],"This":[120],"paper":[121],"describes":[122],"necessary":[124],"software":[125],"hardware":[127],"modules,":[128],"including":[129,192],"optimized":[130],"machine":[131],"learning":[132],"devices,":[136],"deploying":[138],"We":[143],"tested":[144],"system\u2019s":[146],"performance":[147],"using":[148],"two":[149],"independent":[150],"standalone":[151],"setups,":[152],"created":[153],"with":[154,188,247],"NVIDIA":[155],"kits,":[157],"three":[159],"first":[163],"setup":[164,180],"aimed":[165],"obtain":[167],"count":[170,187,244],"operations":[172,186,246],"without":[173],"detailed":[174,248],"information,":[176,191],"while":[177],"second":[179],"was":[181],"designed":[182],"extract":[184],"comprehensive":[189],"type":[194],"recognition":[195,218],"identification.":[197],"retrieval":[200],"information":[203,250],"in":[204],"achieved":[210],"through":[211],"introduction":[213],"tailored":[216],"CNN-based":[217],"model":[219],"execution":[222],"3-step":[225],"tail":[226],"number":[227],"identification":[228],"algorithm.":[229],"results":[231],"demonstrate":[232],"practical":[234],"value":[235],"proposed":[238],"system,":[239],"indicating":[240],"can":[251],"be":[252],"obtained":[253],"reasonable":[256],"cost.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
