{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399562884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3413136","title":"STT-Net: Simplified Temporal Transformer for Emotion Recognition","display_name":"STT-Net: Simplified Temporal Transformer for Emotion Recognition","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399562884","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3413136"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3413136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3413136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3413136","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031946092","display_name":"Mustaqeem Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8020-3590"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113480","display_name":"Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/0258gkt32","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mustaqeem Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109797436","display_name":"Abdulmotaleb El Saddik","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113480","display_name":"Mohamed bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/0258gkt32","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulmotaleb El Saddik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mohamed Bin Zayed University of Artificial Intelligence (MBZUAI), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032355192","display_name":"Mohamed Deriche","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5287-1874"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182000528","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Deriche","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Research Centre (AIRC), Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Research Centre (AIRC), Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036560577","display_name":"Wail Gueaieb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6490-4648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182000528","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wail Gueaieb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Artificial Intelligence Research Centre (AIRC), Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Artificial Intelligence Research Centre (AIRC), Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031946092"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113480"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":7.3395,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97479897,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"86220","last_page":"86231"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10667","display_name":"Emotion and Mood Recognition","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10812","display_name":"Human Pose and Action Recognition","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7531302571296692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.5879451632499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4927971661090851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4731282591819763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.430929958820343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.11618846654891968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.09006601572036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.0700925886631012}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7531302571296692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.5879451632499695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4927971661090851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4731282591819763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.430929958820343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.11618846654891968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09006601572036743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0700925886631012}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3413136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3413136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d85b9a3022074c1b8ab473072d25f204","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d85b9a3022074c1b8ab473072d25f204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 86220-86231 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3413136","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3413136","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5595774812","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024-IRG-ENIT 36","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330328","funder_display_name":"Ajman University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5670198688","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-IRG-ENIT 40","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330328","funder_display_name":"Ajman University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6365961836","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024-IRG-ENIT 29","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330328","funder_display_name":"Ajman University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8228603597","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-IRG-ENIT 36","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330328","funder_display_name":"Ajman University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330328","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2031540617","https://openalex.org/W2103943262","https://openalex.org/W2108279454","https://openalex.org/W2481681431","https://openalex.org/W2564498339","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2726216225","https://openalex.org/W2767065933","https://openalex.org/W2786055572","https://openalex.org/W2798506093","https://openalex.org/W2799041689","https://openalex.org/W2904483377","https://openalex.org/W2914883440","https://openalex.org/W2927013755","https://openalex.org/W2949553350","https://openalex.org/W2963092169","https://openalex.org/W2974043081","https://openalex.org/W3089644214","https://openalex.org/W3124054989","https://openalex.org/W3151130473","https://openalex.org/W3172942063","https://openalex.org/W3194949249","https://openalex.org/W3195286673","https://openalex.org/W3201879177","https://openalex.org/W3203381531","https://openalex.org/W3207246414","https://openalex.org/W3209798173","https://openalex.org/W3209859545","https://openalex.org/W4205518925","https://openalex.org/W4205935039","https://openalex.org/W4213019189","https://openalex.org/W4225410153","https://openalex.org/W4226512186","https://openalex.org/W4280583458","https://openalex.org/W4287083813","https://openalex.org/W4291741556","https://openalex.org/W4295163509","https://openalex.org/W4306955484","https://openalex.org/W4306955485","https://openalex.org/W4307157989","https://openalex.org/W4309721969","https://openalex.org/W4378530304","https://openalex.org/W4382051571","https://openalex.org/W4384284244","https://openalex.org/W4385145829","https://openalex.org/W4386824736","https://openalex.org/W4388739272","https://openalex.org/W4391128446","https://openalex.org/W4391128500","https://openalex.org/W6797970987"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2033914206","https://openalex.org/W2042327336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emotion":[0],"recognition":[1,36,129,205],"is":[2,46,120],"one":[3],"of":[4,16,43,51,178,199],"the":[5,14,47,52,102,123,128,133,157,161,165,167,176,195],"crucial":[6],"topics":[7],"in":[8,160],"computer":[9],"vision":[10],"to":[11,72,100,126,155,164,193],"efficiently":[12],"recognize":[13],"expression":[15],"humans":[17],"through":[18],"faces.":[19],"Recently,":[20],"transformers":[21],"have":[22,37],"been":[23,38],"recognized":[24],"as":[25],"a":[26,81,87,189],"robust":[27],"architecture,":[28],"and":[29,114,117,131,146,197],"many":[30],"vision-based":[31],"transformer":[32],"models":[33,45,71],"for":[34,55,67,86,135,202],"emotion":[35,204],"proposed.":[39],"The":[40,110],"major":[41],"drawback":[42],"such":[44],"high":[48],"computational":[49],"cost":[50],"attention":[53],"mechanism":[54],"computing":[56],"space-time":[57],"attention.":[58],"To":[59],"that":[60],"end,":[61],"we":[62,79,183],"studied":[63],"temporal":[64,83,103],"feature":[65],"shifting":[66,84],"frame-wise":[68,88],"deep":[69],"learning":[70],"avoid":[73],"this":[74,77],"burden.":[75],"In":[76],"work,":[78],"propose":[80],"novel":[82],"approach":[85],"transformer-based":[89],"model":[90,101,201],"by":[91,122],"replacing":[92],"multi-head":[93,97],"self-attention":[94],"(MSA)":[95],"with":[96,151],"self/cross-attention":[98],"(MSCA)":[99],"interactions":[104],"between":[105,113],"tokens":[106],"without":[107],"additional":[108],"cost.":[109],"contextual":[111],"connection":[112],"inside":[115],"channels":[116],"across":[118],"time":[119],"encoded":[121],"proposed":[124,168],"MSCA":[125,169],"enhance":[127],"rate":[130],"reduce":[132],"latency":[134],"real-world":[136],"applications.":[137],"We":[138],"extensively":[139],"evaluated":[140],"our":[141,200],"system":[142],"on":[143,188],"CK+":[144],"(Cohn-Kanad)":[145],"Fer-2013plus":[147],"(Facial-Emotion-Recognition)":[148],"benchmark":[149],"datasets":[150],"geometric":[152],"transforms-based":[153],"augmentation":[154],"address":[156],"imbalance":[158],"issue":[159],"data.":[162],"According":[163],"results,":[166],"has":[170],"either":[171],"outperformed":[172],"or":[173],"closely":[174],"matched":[175],"performance":[177],"state-of-the-art":[179],"(SOTA)":[180],"techniques.":[181],"However,":[182],"conducted":[184],"an":[185],"ablation":[186],"study":[187],"challenging":[190],"Fer2013+":[191],"dataset":[192],"demonstrate":[194],"significance":[196],"potential":[198],"complex":[203],"tasks.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T15:07:20.185449","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}