{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399526828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3412676","title":"An Edge-Based WiFi Fingerprinting Indoor Localization Using Convolutional Neural Network and Convolutional Auto-Encoder","display_name":"An Edge-Based WiFi Fingerprinting Indoor Localization Using Convolutional Neural Network and Convolutional Auto-Encoder","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399526828","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3412676"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3412676","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3412676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3412676","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070942172","display_name":"Amin Kargar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9402-000X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27577105","display_name":"University College Cork","ror":"https://ror.org/03265fv13","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Amin Kargar-Barzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9402-000X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032399641","display_name":"Ebrahim Farahmand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3215-3402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115566878","display_name":"Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman","ror":"https://ror.org/04zn42r77","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115566878"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ebrahim Farahmand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Reliable and Smart Systems Laboratory, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3215-3402","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Reliable and Smart Systems Laboratory, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115566878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099087767","display_name":"Nooshin Taheri Chatrudi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55732556","display_name":"Arizona State University","ror":"https://ror.org/03efmqc40","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nooshin Taheri Chatrudi","raw_affiliation_strings":["EMIL Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0585-4041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EMIL Laboratory, College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55732556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017183357","display_name":"Ali Mahani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4916-202X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115566878","display_name":"Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman","ror":"https://ror.org/04zn42r77","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115566878"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Mahani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Reliable and Smart Systems Laboratory, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4916-202X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Reliable and Smart Systems Laboratory, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115566878"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005190949","display_name":"Muhammad Shafique","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2607-8135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120250893","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120250893","https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Shafique","raw_affiliation_strings":["eBrain Laboratory, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2607-8135","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"eBrain Laboratory, Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120250893"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070942172"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":4.6053,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95337348,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"85050","last_page":"85060"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10860","display_name":"Speech and Audio Processing","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13121","display_name":"Radio Wave Propagation Studies","score":0.9850999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8032140731811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.8016103506088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.5385379195213318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-code","display_name":"Convolutional code","score":0.5299645066261292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5175706744194031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4810545742511749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4238992929458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15950384736061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.11740413308143616}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8032140731811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.8016103506088257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.5385379195213318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157899210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1395022","display_name":"Convolutional code","level":3,"score":0.5299645066261292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5175706744194031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4810545742511749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4238992929458618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15950384736061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.11740413308143616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3412676","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3412676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c170f7d6996e44a1836db5513c5758ca","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c170f7d6996e44a1836db5513c5758ca","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 85050-85060 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3412676","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3412676","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W48076323","https://openalex.org/W1630879738","https://openalex.org/W1970398760","https://openalex.org/W2119144962","https://openalex.org/W2173462126","https://openalex.org/W2278572312","https://openalex.org/W2309512289","https://openalex.org/W2460055519","https://openalex.org/W2552911271","https://openalex.org/W2565123847","https://openalex.org/W2609031099","https://openalex.org/W2755762896","https://openalex.org/W2762342550","https://openalex.org/W2774684174","https://openalex.org/W2886522435","https://openalex.org/W2886626883","https://openalex.org/W2907800992","https://openalex.org/W2918130261","https://openalex.org/W2924475988","https://openalex.org/W2947789327","https://openalex.org/W2953529749","https://openalex.org/W2954587228","https://openalex.org/W2964029185","https://openalex.org/W2967881340","https://openalex.org/W2982144023","https://openalex.org/W2994638362","https://openalex.org/W3006154135","https://openalex.org/W3028223633","https://openalex.org/W3033595598","https://openalex.org/W3046706309","https://openalex.org/W3085645976","https://openalex.org/W3105610971","https://openalex.org/W4385816213","https://openalex.org/W4389744130","https://openalex.org/W6677580257"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2610189143","https://openalex.org/W2159424856","https://openalex.org/W4390516098","https://openalex.org/W4391621807","https://openalex.org/W2181948922","https://openalex.org/W2136831313","https://openalex.org/W2384362569","https://openalex.org/W2132373020","https://openalex.org/W2096049278","https://openalex.org/W39762558"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,8,26,38,86,91,97,169,196,204],"ongoing":[2],"development":[3],"of":[4,11,29,37,42,133,175,193,195],"Indoor":[5],"Location-Based":[6],"Services,":[7],"location":[9],"information":[10],"users":[12],"in":[13,21,64,96,191],"indoor":[14,65],"environments":[15],"has":[16,34],"been":[17],"a":[18,73,94],"challenging":[19],"issue":[20],"recent":[22],"years.":[23],"Due":[24],"to":[25,48,84,124,141,145,203],"widespread":[27],"use":[28],"WiFi":[30,32],"networks,":[31],"fingerprinting":[33],"become":[35],"one":[36],"most":[39],"practical":[40],"methods":[41],"locating":[43],"mobile":[44],"users.":[45],"In":[46,68],"addition":[47],"localization":[49,66,98,135],"accuracy,":[50,157,161],"some":[51],"other":[52],"critical":[53],"factors":[54],"such":[55],"as":[56,115,117,199,201],"latency,":[57],"and":[58,113,162,172,178],"users\u2019":[59],"privacy":[60],"should":[61],"be":[62],"considered":[63],"systems.":[67],"this":[69],"study,":[70],"we":[71],"propose":[72],"light":[74],"Convolutional":[75],"Neural":[76],"Network-based":[77],"method":[78,102,136],"for":[79,93,105,118],"edge":[80,146,206],"devices":[81],"(e.g.":[82],"smartphones)":[83],"overcome":[85],"above":[87],"issues":[88],"by":[89],"eliminating":[90],"need":[92],"cloud/server":[95],"system.":[99],"The":[100],"proposed":[101],"is":[103],"evaluated":[104],"three":[106],"different":[107],"open":[108],"datasets,":[109],"i.e.,":[110],"UJIIndoorLoc,":[111],"Tampere":[112],"UTSIndoorLoc,":[114],"well":[116,200],"our":[119,134,151],"collected":[120],"dataset":[121],"named":[122],"SBUK-D":[123],"verify":[125],"its":[126,143],"scalability.":[127],"We":[128],"also":[129],"evaluate":[130],"performance":[131],"efficiency":[132],"on":[137],"an":[138],"Android":[139],"smartphone":[140],"demonstrate":[142,188],"applicability":[144],"devices.":[147,207],"For":[148],"UJIIndoorLoc":[149],"dataset,":[150],"model":[152,170],"obtains":[153],"approximately":[154],"99%":[155],"building":[156],"over":[158],"90%":[159],"floor":[160],"9.5":[163],"m":[164],"positioning":[165],"mean":[166],"error":[167],"with":[168],"size":[171],"inference":[173],"time":[174],"0.5":[176],"MB":[177],"<inline-formula":[179],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[180],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[181],"<tex-math":[182],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$51~\\mu":[183],"$":[184],"</tex-math></inline-formula>s,":[185],"respectively,":[186],"which":[187],"high":[189],"accuracy":[190],"range":[192],"state":[194],"art":[197],"works":[198],"amenability":[202],"resource-constrained":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}