{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399399464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3409420","title":"Biswapped Networks and Their Maximal Twin-Preserving Subgraphs With a Motivation on Connection Number in Network-Based Approaches","display_name":"Biswapped Networks and Their Maximal Twin-Preserving Subgraphs With a Motivation on Connection Number in Network-Based Approaches","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399399464","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3409420"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3409420","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3409420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3409420","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099038194","display_name":"Khawlah Alhulwah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240666556","display_name":"Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxjyb39","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khawlah Alhulwah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2535-5194","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011347815","display_name":"Ali N. A. Koam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5047-9908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91450128","display_name":"Jazan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bjnq803","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91450128"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali N. A. Koam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia","Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5047-9908","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91450128"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Jazan University, P.O. Box. 114, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91450128"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099038195","display_name":"Nasreen Almohanna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5656-9995"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I240666556","display_name":"Imam Mohammad ibn Saud Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxjyb39","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nasreen Almohanna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5656-9995","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I240666556"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101539889","display_name":"Ali Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3434-9908"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91450128","display_name":"Jazan University","ror":"https://ror.org/02bjnq803","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91450128"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3434-9908","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91450128"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023965162","display_name":"Muhammad Azeem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5181-4221"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Azeem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5181-4221","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07703407,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"79225","last_page":"79237"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11476","display_name":"Graph theory and applications","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2608","display_name":"Geometry and Topology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12541","display_name":"Graph Labeling and Dimension Problems","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6162506341934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.46511319279670715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.3508365750312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3344365954399109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3043941259384155}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6162506341934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.46511319279670715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.3508365750312805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3344365954399109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3043941259384155}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3409420","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3409420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6fa2dada1cd5422b86ebd548033fe870","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6fa2dada1cd5422b86ebd548033fe870","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 79225-79237 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3409420","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3409420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G102915950","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"IMSIU-RG23037","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321420","funder_display_name":"Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321420","display_name":"Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05gxjyb39"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639608796","https://openalex.org/W1968065735","https://openalex.org/W1974811277","https://openalex.org/W2013283019","https://openalex.org/W2034627053","https://openalex.org/W2055334398","https://openalex.org/W2067587105","https://openalex.org/W2094485236","https://openalex.org/W2110503302","https://openalex.org/W2155640864","https://openalex.org/W2180596940","https://openalex.org/W2341939561","https://openalex.org/W2508741126","https://openalex.org/W2746696930","https://openalex.org/W2884145665","https://openalex.org/W2885350479","https://openalex.org/W2887684569","https://openalex.org/W2892214318","https://openalex.org/W2901624009","https://openalex.org/W2904027376","https://openalex.org/W2969575373","https://openalex.org/W2970441787","https://openalex.org/W2996040083","https://openalex.org/W3022149264","https://openalex.org/W3088010465","https://openalex.org/W3096740316","https://openalex.org/W3111397073","https://openalex.org/W3131271505","https://openalex.org/W3136378898","https://openalex.org/W3136664248","https://openalex.org/W3156347813","https://openalex.org/W3175561289","https://openalex.org/W3205519586","https://openalex.org/W3210113307","https://openalex.org/W3210791847","https://openalex.org/W4200447995","https://openalex.org/W4205769419","https://openalex.org/W4206754465","https://openalex.org/W4210908572","https://openalex.org/W4221121910","https://openalex.org/W4221159530","https://openalex.org/W4281297749","https://openalex.org/W4281482052","https://openalex.org/W4283332434","https://openalex.org/W4283812452","https://openalex.org/W4292760886","https://openalex.org/W4292962436","https://openalex.org/W4297095047","https://openalex.org/W4307598206","https://openalex.org/W4319595512","https://openalex.org/W4366818754","https://openalex.org/W4381888947","https://openalex.org/W4382133464","https://openalex.org/W4383722874","https://openalex.org/W4385858464","https://openalex.org/W4386495967","https://openalex.org/W4387344864","https://openalex.org/W4387419436","https://openalex.org/W4388998463","https://openalex.org/W4389397302","https://openalex.org/W4390589456","https://openalex.org/W4391169663","https://openalex.org/W4392807159","https://openalex.org/W4392907844","https://openalex.org/W4394808519","https://openalex.org/W4396508378","https://openalex.org/W6682470678","https://openalex.org/W6703784367"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,49],"use":[1],"of":[2,19,39,51,68,85,103,107,152],"optoelectronic":[3,40,70],"technology":[4,56],"in":[5,147],"Optical":[6],"Transposition":[7],"Interconnection":[8],"Systems":[9],"(OTIS)":[10],"offers":[11],"an":[12],"effective":[13],"solution":[14],"to":[15,30],"the":[16,31,66,76,83,101,108],"ongoing":[17],"problem":[18],"storing":[20],"and":[21,35,54,110,139,154],"sending":[22],"data":[23],"with":[24,82],"comprehensive":[25],"information.":[26],"This":[27,91],"is":[28,73,80],"due":[29],"reduced":[32,129],"power":[33],"requirements":[34],"broad":[36],"bandwidth":[37],"capabilities":[38],"systems,":[41],"which":[42],"make":[43],"them":[44],"well-suited":[45],"for":[46],"this":[47,148],"task.":[48],"integration":[50],"radio":[52],"communication":[53],"electrical":[55],"has":[57],"transformed":[58],"OTIS":[59,72,155],"into":[60],"a":[61],"highly":[62],"valued":[63],"network,":[64],"enhancing":[65],"efficiency":[67],"existing":[69],"computers.":[71],"characterized":[74],"by":[75],"swapped":[77],"network":[78],"that":[79,114],"formed":[81],"help":[84],"path":[86],"graph":[87],"Pmand":[88],"denoted":[89],"asB(Pm).":[90],"research":[92],"work":[93,149],"focused":[94],"on":[95],"certain":[96],"topological":[97],"invariants":[98],"(TIs)":[99],"about":[100],"number":[102],"connections":[104],"between":[105],"nodes":[106,117],"graphB(Pm)":[109],"its":[111],"largest":[112],"subgraph":[113],"preserves":[115],"twin":[116],"(M(B(Pm))).":[118],"First":[119],"Zagreb":[120,142],"connection":[121,124,127,132,135,143],"index,":[122,125,128,133,136],"geometric-arithmetic":[123],"Randi\u0107":[126,131],"reciprocal":[130],"sum-connectivity":[134],"first,":[137],"second":[138],"third":[140],"redefined":[141],"indices":[144],"are":[145],"considered":[146],"two":[150],"types":[151],"biswapped":[153],"networks.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}