{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396783500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3399007","title":"Deep Learning-Based Key Indicator Estimation in Rivers by Leveraging Remote Sensing Image Analysis","display_name":"Deep Learning-Based Key Indicator Estimation in Rivers by Leveraging Remote Sensing Image Analysis","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396783500","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3399007"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3399007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3399007","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10526264.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10526264.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101936606","display_name":"Qiong Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4815-1038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144733","display_name":"Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zk903","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144733"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiong Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, Henan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144733"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100327099","display_name":"Dandan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9638-1247"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108370","display_name":"Panzhihua University","ror":"https://ror.org/01h8y6y39","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210108370"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dandan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Panzhihua University, Panzhihua, Sichuan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108370"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101423834","display_name":"Wei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-1172"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144733","display_name":"Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zk903","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144733"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, Henan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144733"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yuntong Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2858-7384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173899330","display_name":"Henan University","ror":"https://ror.org/003xyzq10","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210144733","display_name":"Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0420zk903","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210144733"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuntong Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, Henan, China","Henan Industrial Technology Academy of Spatiotemportal Big Data, Zhengzhou, Henan, China","The College of geography and environment, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2858-7384","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Surveying and Mapping Engineering, Yellow River Conservancy Technical Institute, Kaifeng, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210144733"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Henan Industrial Technology Academy of Spatiotemportal Big Data, Zhengzhou, Henan, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of geography and environment, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173899330"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.6589,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63179162,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"72277","last_page":"72287"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11490","display_name":"Hydrological Forecasting Using AI","score":0.7829999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11490","display_name":"Hydrological Forecasting Using AI","score":0.7829999923706055,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.7681999802589417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.7024000287055969,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7802758812904358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.724993109703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5971330404281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49572908878326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4783170521259308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.47745612263679504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4231926202774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.39124852418899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3699808418750763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.33696550130844116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.12641051411628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.10851728916168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.08483889698982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.07449805736541748}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7802758812904358},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.724993109703064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5971330404281616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49572908878326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4783170521259308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.47745612263679504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4231926202774048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.39124852418899536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3699808418750763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.33696550130844116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.12641051411628723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.10851728916168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.08483889698982239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.07449805736541748}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3399007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3399007","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10526264.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:63298e6184d44ed18536cdc443b362c6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/63298e6184d44ed18536cdc443b362c6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 72277-72287 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3399007","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3399007","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10526264.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4396783500.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2920981979","https://openalex.org/W2979363529","https://openalex.org/W3011988525","https://openalex.org/W3018952706","https://openalex.org/W3025172026","https://openalex.org/W3088196840","https://openalex.org/W3111343554","https://openalex.org/W3118804988","https://openalex.org/W3197701220","https://openalex.org/W3199068282","https://openalex.org/W3203369691","https://openalex.org/W4205464866","https://openalex.org/W4205829078","https://openalex.org/W4205916405","https://openalex.org/W4213124617","https://openalex.org/W4226336958","https://openalex.org/W4281391097","https://openalex.org/W4283215419","https://openalex.org/W4285269559","https://openalex.org/W4289522770","https://openalex.org/W4289538158","https://openalex.org/W4289792732","https://openalex.org/W4293499134","https://openalex.org/W4296849331","https://openalex.org/W4308190787","https://openalex.org/W4312864044","https://openalex.org/W4313260532","https://openalex.org/W4317384315","https://openalex.org/W4365420992","https://openalex.org/W4376619155","https://openalex.org/W4384788063","https://openalex.org/W4385152027","https://openalex.org/W4387538765"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W2611989081","https://openalex.org/W2140798747","https://openalex.org/W2948169060","https://openalex.org/W4230611425","https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W2576994247","https://openalex.org/W4294635752","https://openalex.org/W4304166257","https://openalex.org/W4380075502"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Estimation":[0],"of":[1,11,14,16,35,61,64,69,111,120,149,186],"key":[2,28,53,112,153,184],"indicators":[3,54,185],"in":[4,30,182],"rivers":[5,31,150],"was":[6],"usually":[7],"conducted":[8],"with":[9],"use":[10],"monitoring":[12],"data":[13],"Internet":[15],"Things.":[17],"Currently,":[18],"it":[19,209],"has":[20,189,210],"been":[21],"a":[22,66],"more":[23],"practical":[24],"demand":[25],"to":[26,48,92,108,170,193,213],"extract":[27],"indexes":[29],"from":[32,57,155],"the":[33,50,89,115,121,141,172,204],"perspective":[34],"visual":[36],"remote":[37,58,71,167],"sensing,":[38],"rather":[39],"than":[40],"data-driven":[41],"perspective.":[42],"As":[43],"consequence,":[44],"this":[45,101],"study":[46],"aims":[47],"explore":[49],"deep":[51,128],"learning-based":[52],"extraction":[55,138],"method":[56,179],"sensing":[59,72,168],"images":[60,77,169],"rivers.":[62],"First":[63],"all,":[65],"large":[67],"amount":[68],"river-related":[70],"images,":[73],"including":[74],"high-resolution":[75],"satellite":[76],"and":[78,117,125,132,139,145,188,206,223],"aerial":[79],"photographs,":[80],"are":[81,106,123],"collected.":[82],"Then,":[83],"U-Net":[84],"structure":[85],"is":[86],"utilized":[87],"as":[88,220],"backbone":[90],"network":[91],"realize":[93],"semantic":[94],"segmentation":[95],"via":[96],"multimodal":[97],"feature":[98,137],"fusion.":[99],"On":[100],"basis,":[102],"fine-grained":[103],"vision":[104],"features":[105,154],"extracted":[107],"estimate":[109,146],"values":[110],"indicators.":[113],"Finally,":[114],"width":[116],"flow":[118],"velocity":[119],"river":[122,217],"identified":[124],"verified.":[126],"Using":[127],"convolutional":[129],"neural":[130,134],"networks":[131,135],"recurrent":[133],"for":[136],"modeling,":[140],"model":[142,205],"can":[143],"infer":[144],"relevant":[147],"information":[148],"by":[151],"learning":[152],"images.":[156],"Empirically,":[157],"we":[158,198],"have":[159],"also":[160,199],"carried":[161],"out":[162],"some":[163],"experiments":[164],"on":[165,203],"real-world":[166],"evaluate":[171],"proposal.":[173],"The":[174],"results":[175],"indicate":[176],"that":[177,208,215],"our":[178],"performs":[180],"well":[181],"extracting":[183],"rivers,":[187],"higher":[190],"accuracy":[191],"compared":[192],"traditional":[194],"methods.":[195],"In":[196],"addition,":[197],"conduct":[200],"sensitivity":[201],"analysis":[202],"find":[207],"certain":[211],"stability":[212],"factors":[214],"affect":[216],"characteristics,":[218],"such":[219],"geographical":[221],"environment":[222],"climate":[224],"conditions.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-12-23T23:11:35.936235","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}