{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4395097166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3393348","title":"Identification of B(H) Curves Using the Karhunen Lo\u00e8ve Expansion","display_name":"Identification of B(H) Curves Using the Karhunen Lo\u00e8ve Expansion","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4395097166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3393348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3393348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3393348","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10507858.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10507858.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092249412","display_name":"Luisa Fleig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7707-3126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","display_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01ggx4157","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}],"countries":["CH","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luisa Fleig","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland","Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7707-3126","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030599104","display_name":"Melvin Liebsch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2022-105X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","display_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01ggx4157","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melvin Liebsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2022-105X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044403731","display_name":"Stephan Russenschuck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3370-7419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","display_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01ggx4157","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephan Russenschuck","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3370-7419","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Geneva, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054323051","display_name":"Sebastian Sch\u00f6ps","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9150-0219"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31512782","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sebastian Sch\u00f6ps","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9150-0219","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31512782"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3236,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50070419,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"59441","last_page":"59449"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11245","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Analysis Techniques","score":0.9919000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10339","display_name":"Advanced Numerical Methods in Computational Mathematics","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9273999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/karhunen\u2013lo\u00e8ve-theorem","display_name":"Karhunen\u2013Lo\u00e8ve theorem","score":0.7679294347763062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/identification","display_name":"Identification (biology)","score":0.6334753632545471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4225137233734131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33889710903167725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3309820890426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2768852710723877}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109308471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2046647","display_name":"Karhunen\u2013Lo\u00e8ve theorem","level":2,"score":0.7679294347763062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.6334753632545471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4225137233734131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33889710903167725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3309820890426636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2768852710723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3393348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3393348","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10507858.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:2933333","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/2933333","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:93dd54eab4e14a1e93c3bfb845dc58a2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/93dd54eab4e14a1e93c3bfb845dc58a2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 59441-59449 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3393348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3393348","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10507858.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5477993868","display_name":"TRR 361: Computergest\u00fctztes elektrisches Maschinenlabor: Thermische Modellierung, transiente Analysis, Geometriebeschreibung und robustes Design","funder_award_id":"492661287","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7330321437","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TRR361/F90","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","funder_display_name":"Austrian Science Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321181","display_name":"Austrian Science Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/013tf3c58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323384","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Darmstadt","ror":"https://ror.org/05n911h24"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4395097166.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W105972687","https://openalex.org/W135777913","https://openalex.org/W1667259154","https://openalex.org/W1998154728","https://openalex.org/W2005343090","https://openalex.org/W2024836588","https://openalex.org/W2033721384","https://openalex.org/W2036809317","https://openalex.org/W2049358011","https://openalex.org/W2062993069","https://openalex.org/W2066466067","https://openalex.org/W2090284411","https://openalex.org/W2091203124","https://openalex.org/W2096045964","https://openalex.org/W2114424556","https://openalex.org/W2155127274","https://openalex.org/W2317438502","https://openalex.org/W2465313802","https://openalex.org/W3046457476","https://openalex.org/W3103667344","https://openalex.org/W3117627111","https://openalex.org/W4232082450","https://openalex.org/W4238199520","https://openalex.org/W4281635932","https://openalex.org/W6682642761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W417204388","https://openalex.org/W187821709","https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W1963647550","https://openalex.org/W2730780850","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W2780196095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Constitutive":[0],"equations":[1],"are":[2,130],"required":[3],"in":[4,71,174,183],"electromagnetic":[5],"field":[6],"simulations":[7],"to":[8,13,44,86,92],"model":[9,74,113,129,162],"a":[10,72,111,142],"material":[11,45,118],"response":[12],"applied":[14],"fields":[15],"or":[16,49,99],"forces.":[17],"Series":[18],"measurements":[19,119],"of":[20,28,55,77,103,127,154,169],"iron":[21],"lamination":[22],"specimens":[23],"have":[24],"shown":[25,136],"significant":[26],"variations":[27],"the":[29,38,66,78,121,152,155,160,184],"observed":[30],"(":[31],"<italic":[32,56,67,147,156],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[33,57,68,148,157],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">B,H</i>":[34],")":[35],"data":[36],"between":[37],"samples":[39],"that":[40,114,137,179],"may":[41],"occur":[42],"due":[43],"impurities,":[46],"mechanical":[47],"stresses,":[48],"aging.":[50],"Data-driven":[51],"modeling":[52],"and":[53,120],"updating":[54],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">B(H)</i>":[58,69,149,158],"curves":[59],"are,":[60],"therefore,":[61],"well-known":[62],"necessities.":[63],"To":[64],"update":[65,153],"curve":[70],"numerical":[73,161],"given":[75],"observations":[76],"magnetic":[79],"flux":[80],"density,":[81],"an":[82],"inverse":[83],"problem":[84,90],"has":[85,91],"be":[87,93],"solved.":[88],"This":[89],"regularized":[94],"e.g.":[95],"by":[96,132],"finite-dimensional":[97],"approximation":[98],"some":[100],"other":[101],"sort":[102],"regularization.":[104],"In":[105],"this":[106,128,138],"article,":[107],"we":[108],"propose":[109],"using":[110],"stochastic":[112],"is":[115,135],"based":[116],"on":[117],"Karhunen":[122],"Lo\u00e8ve":[123],"expansion.":[124],"The":[125],"parameters":[126],"determined":[131],"optimization.":[133],"It":[134],"approach":[139],"can":[140],"retrieve":[141],"previously":[143],"selected":[144],"ground":[145],"truth":[146],"curve.":[150],"With":[151],"curve,":[159],"gains":[163],"predictive":[164],"capacities":[165],"with":[166],"relative":[167],"errors":[168],"less":[170],"than":[171],"1":[172],"unit":[173],"10000":[175],"for":[176],"excitation":[177],"currents":[178],"were":[180],"not":[181],"included":[182],"data.":[185]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-22T08:00:12.763002","created_date":"2024-04-25T00:00:00"}
