{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394863050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3389669","title":"Applications of Deep Learning Models on the Medical Images of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head (ONFH): A Comprehensive Review","display_name":"Applications of Deep Learning Models on the Medical Images of Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head (ONFH): A Comprehensive Review","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394863050","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3389669"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3389669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3389669","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10500822.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10500822.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100444943","display_name":"Jiao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4751-2375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099122","display_name":"Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/00xabh388","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099122"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099122"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103126959","display_name":"Yi Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9131-0269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100519540","display_name":"Jun Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2663-0479"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Bao’an People’s Hospital Group, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Bao’an People’s Hospital Group, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010826473","display_name":"Timothy Tin\u2010Yan Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-4345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timothy Tin-Yan Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4194-4345","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100339792","display_name":"Pengfei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8114-6207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146741","display_name":"Jiangmen Central Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04baw4297","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146741"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedics, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedics, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146741"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100641982","display_name":"Yingqi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4616-6888"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160344","display_name":"Tongji Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04xy45965","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160344"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying-Qi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4616-6888","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedics, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780","https://openalex.org/I4210160344"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047913546","display_name":"James Chung\u2010Wai Cheung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7446-0569"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Chung-Wai Cheung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7446-0569","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute for Smart Ageing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036742312","display_name":"Duo Wai\u2010Chi Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8805-1157"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duo Wai-Chi Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Bao’an People’s Hospital Group, Shenzhen, China","Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8805-1157","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, The First Hospital of Bao’an People’s Hospital Group, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029730758","display_name":"Ming Ni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3910-0127"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801556517","display_name":"Ruijin Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/01hv94n30","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Ni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801556517","https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100444943"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099122"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":3.1398,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91194632,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"57613","last_page":"57632"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12209","display_name":"Bone and Joint Diseases","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12209","display_name":"Bone and Joint Diseases","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11218","display_name":"Hip disorders and treatments","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11293","display_name":"Orthopedic Infections and Treatments","score":0.9866999983787537,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.68841153383255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/femoral-head","display_name":"Femoral head","score":0.6643795371055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6140527725219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5577149987220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5445182919502258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-resonance-imaging","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","score":0.5330575704574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-imaging","display_name":"Medical imaging","score":0.5225955247879028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.4924527108669281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.48644518852233887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-physics","display_name":"Medical physics","score":0.3423653841018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.32513099908828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgery","display_name":"Surgery","score":0.20157688856124878}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.68841153383255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779100257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582849","display_name":"Femoral head","level":2,"score":0.6643795371055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6140527725219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5577149987220764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5445182919502258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.5330575704574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31601959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q931309","display_name":"Medical imaging","level":2,"score":0.5225955247879028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.4924527108669281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.48644518852233887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.3423653841018677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.32513099908828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.20157688856124878}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3389669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3389669","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10500822.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4ee4d316b8a14faea4311e9579599750","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4ee4d316b8a14faea4311e9579599750","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 57613-57632 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3389669","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3389669","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10500822.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7181995986","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21410760200","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8054062923","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PWXx2020-08","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","funder_display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321885","display_name":"Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality","ror":"https://ror.org/03kt66j61"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394863050.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394863050.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":119,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W155406933","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1786308441","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1911445707","https://openalex.org/W1996020380","https://openalex.org/W1997709730","https://openalex.org/W2015962884","https://openalex.org/W2016293149","https://openalex.org/W2019754628","https://openalex.org/W2030760845","https://openalex.org/W2041741017","https://openalex.org/W2071534821","https://openalex.org/W2090234914","https://openalex.org/W2108267889","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2147800946","https://openalex.org/W2156665896","https://openalex.org/W2165839911","https://openalex.org/W2183341477","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2293391620","https://openalex.org/W2531409750","https://openalex.org/W2534426600","https://openalex.org/W2554140915","https://openalex.org/W2727232802","https://openalex.org/W2752782242","https://openalex.org/W2768265723","https://openalex.org/W2782686167","https://openalex.org/W2796177570","https://openalex.org/W2801375400","https://openalex.org/W2806637238","https://openalex.org/W2808611867","https://openalex.org/W2884022208","https://openalex.org/W2884166952","https://openalex.org/W2885195348","https://openalex.org/W2922201903","https://openalex.org/W2925189575","https://openalex.org/W2927351257","https://openalex.org/W2936503027","https://openalex.org/W2945976633","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2973179191","https://openalex.org/W2976398475","https://openalex.org/W2982632330","https://openalex.org/W2982683954","https://openalex.org/W2989576036","https://openalex.org/W2998993395","https://openalex.org/W3005744271","https://openalex.org/W3013294478","https://openalex.org/W3015141946","https://openalex.org/W3015320097","https://openalex.org/W3020146971","https://openalex.org/W3020992444","https://openalex.org/W3028852288","https://openalex.org/W3036453007","https://openalex.org/W3092412479","https://openalex.org/W3092928136","https://openalex.org/W3094595351","https://openalex.org/W3098503493","https://openalex.org/W3099289572","https://openalex.org/W3118667212","https://openalex.org/W3120998820","https://openalex.org/W3126988965","https://openalex.org/W3140854437","https://openalex.org/W3156922673","https://openalex.org/W3167130633","https://openalex.org/W3180971523","https://openalex.org/W3182832188","https://openalex.org/W3196906371","https://openalex.org/W3200025868","https://openalex.org/W3201634814","https://openalex.org/W3212340796","https://openalex.org/W3212604410","https://openalex.org/W4200191876","https://openalex.org/W4200200996","https://openalex.org/W4205698889","https://openalex.org/W4210352025","https://openalex.org/W4211107121","https://openalex.org/W4212838933","https://openalex.org/W4223899585","https://openalex.org/W4224222603","https://openalex.org/W4229375793","https://openalex.org/W4253432485","https://openalex.org/W4281620362","https://openalex.org/W4285736274","https://openalex.org/W4286907938","https://openalex.org/W4289519294","https://openalex.org/W4289752563","https://openalex.org/W4297147007","https://openalex.org/W4304890560","https://openalex.org/W4310128821","https://openalex.org/W4310416883","https://openalex.org/W4315436297","https://openalex.org/W4318486313","https://openalex.org/W4321352092","https://openalex.org/W4327675624","https://openalex.org/W4327919044","https://openalex.org/W4353020399","https://openalex.org/W4362471055","https://openalex.org/W4362603432","https://openalex.org/W4367174885","https://openalex.org/W4367315692","https://openalex.org/W4377241335","https://openalex.org/W4380143030","https://openalex.org/W4381185174","https://openalex.org/W4384130932","https://openalex.org/W4385245566","https://openalex.org/W4385319069","https://openalex.org/W4385700958","https://openalex.org/W4385767171","https://openalex.org/W4385827642","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6684191040","https://openalex.org/W6762718338","https://openalex.org/W6779540071","https://openalex.org/W6798678626","https://openalex.org/W6840929665","https://openalex.org/W6847748823"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364141895","https://openalex.org/W2237608177","https://openalex.org/W4375867731","https://openalex.org/W4320800914","https://openalex.org/W3024479225","https://openalex.org/W3171371563","https://openalex.org/W2995680918","https://openalex.org/W4379141755","https://openalex.org/W4367060753","https://openalex.org/W3003847115"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Deep":[0],"learning":[1,39],"models":[2,40,146,213,217],"have":[3],"demonstrated":[4,147,180],"promising":[5],"results":[6],"in":[7],"the":[8,16,35,42,145,174,186,189,198,226],"early":[9,21],"and":[10,23,62,96,124,128,133,137,153,157,165,193,229,242],"accurate":[11],"diagnosis":[12],"of":[13,15,29,37,45,64,109,135,162,169,177],"osteonecrosis":[14],"femoral":[17,126],"head":[18,127],"(ONFH),":[19],"enabling":[20],"detection":[22],"informed":[24],"surgical":[25],"decision-making.":[26],"The":[27,107],"objective":[28],"this":[30],"review":[31],"is":[32],"to":[33,149,160,167,197,214,224],"summarize":[34],"applications":[36,108],"deep":[38],"on":[41,84,92,103,188],"medical":[43],"images":[44],"ONFH.":[46],"English":[47],"papers":[48],"were":[49,71],"searched":[50],"from":[51,115,211],"CINAHL":[52],"via":[53],"EBSCOhost,":[54],"Embase,":[55],"IEEE":[56],"Xplore\u00ae":[57],"Digital":[58],"Library,":[59],"PubMed,":[60],"Scopus,":[61],"Web":[63],"Science.":[65],"Sixteen":[66],"studies":[67,79,87,111,179,233],"(n":[68,80,88,99],"=":[69,81,89,100],"16)":[70],"eligible":[72],"for":[73],"data":[74,201,243],"synthesis.":[75],"Among":[76],"these,":[77],"five":[78],"5)":[82],"focusing":[83,91,102],"radiographs,":[85],"ten":[86],"10)":[90],"magnetic":[93],"resonance":[94],"imaging,":[95],"one":[97],"study":[98],"1)":[101],"computed":[104],"tomographic":[105],"images.":[106],"these":[110,178],"included":[112],"identifying":[113],"ONFH":[114,140],"normal":[116],"or":[117],"other":[118],"hip":[119],"pathologies,":[120],"classifying":[121],"severity,":[122],"segmenting,":[123],"detecting":[125],"necrotic":[129],"regions,":[130],"predicting":[131,138],"signs":[132],"symptoms":[134],"ONFH,":[136],"potential":[139],"after":[141],"fracture":[142],"fixation.":[143],"Generally,":[144],"good":[148],"excellent":[150,154],"classification":[151,230],"performance":[152,187],"discriminatory":[155],"power;":[156],"generally":[158],"comparable":[159],"that":[161,168],"experienced":[163,171],"physicians":[164],"superior":[166],"less":[170],"physicians.":[172],"However,":[173],"external":[175,190],"validity":[176],"only":[181],"moderate,":[182],"as":[183],"evidenced":[184],"by":[185],"testing":[191],"set":[192],"might":[194],"be":[195],"attributed":[196],"relatively":[199],"small":[200],"size":[202],"used":[203],"during":[204],"model":[205],"training.":[206],"we":[207],"observed":[208],"a":[209],"shift":[210],"CNN-based":[212],"U-Net":[215],"based":[216],"(i.e.,":[218],"with":[219],"encoder-decoder":[220],"architecture).":[221],"In":[222],"addition":[223],"streamlining":[225],"segmentation,":[227],"detection,":[228],"procedures,":[231],"future":[232],"will":[234],"explore":[235],"multimodal":[236],"attention,":[237],"self-supervised":[238],"learning,":[239],"explainable":[240],"models,":[241],"augmentation":[244],"through":[245],"generative":[246],"models.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}