{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394773657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3387938","title":"CA2Det: Cascaded Adaptive Fusion Pyramid Network Based on Attention Mechanism for Small Object Detection","display_name":"CA2Det: Cascaded Adaptive Fusion Pyramid Network Based on Attention Mechanism for Small Object Detection","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394773657","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3387938"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3387938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3387938","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10497606.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10497606.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058680682","display_name":"Jiting Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7534-9993"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111163","display_name":"Shanghai Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/027r7gj11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111163"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiting Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Film Academy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Film Academy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111163","https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010492000","display_name":"Qian Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2560-920X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111163","display_name":"Shanghai Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/027r7gj11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111163"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Film Academy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Film Academy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111163","https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013266772","display_name":"Xinrui Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8465-4449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111163","display_name":"Shanghai Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/027r7gj11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111163"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinrui Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Film Academy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Film Academy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111163","https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003434908","display_name":"Zhihao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9124-4364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111163","display_name":"Shanghai Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/027r7gj11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111163"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhihao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Film Academy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Film Academy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111163","https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101751042","display_name":"Pu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2429-4637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111163","display_name":"Shanghai Open University","ror":"https://ror.org/027r7gj11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111163"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Film Academy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Film Academy, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111163","https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058680682"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042","https://openalex.org/I4210111163"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.7479,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69706199,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"56924","last_page":"56935"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7300664186477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pyramid","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","score":0.6937060356140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.6090033054351807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.5907220244407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5243200063705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion-mechanism","display_name":"Fusion mechanism","score":0.5165725946426392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.49492448568344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.4527072310447693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4486423432826996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.2956962585449219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipid-bilayer-fusion","display_name":"Lipid bilayer fusion","score":0.08509644865989685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.06842264533042908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.058439403772354126}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7300664186477661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142575187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3358290","display_name":"Pyramid (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.6937060356140137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.6090033054351807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5907220244407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5243200063705444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173414695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5510276","display_name":"Fusion mechanism","level":4,"score":0.5165725946426392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.49492448568344116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.4527072310447693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4486423432826996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2956962585449219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103038307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6556360","display_name":"Lipid bilayer fusion","level":3,"score":0.08509644865989685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.06842264533042908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.058439403772354126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3387938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3387938","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10497606.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:89d7435c10d64858a5ae003f3104cdb7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/89d7435c10d64858a5ae003f3104cdb7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 56924-56935 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3387938","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3387938","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10497606.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394773657.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394773657.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639708223","https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W1821462560","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W2193145675","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2562731582","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2883780447","https://openalex.org/W2897529137","https://openalex.org/W2899607431","https://openalex.org/W2950516690","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W2963150697","https://openalex.org/W2963299996","https://openalex.org/W2963351448","https://openalex.org/W2963420686","https://openalex.org/W2964241181","https://openalex.org/W2964444661","https://openalex.org/W2967487473","https://openalex.org/W2982770724","https://openalex.org/W2989604896","https://openalex.org/W2991089415","https://openalex.org/W2996735448","https://openalex.org/W2997408160","https://openalex.org/W3014641072","https://openalex.org/W3018757597","https://openalex.org/W3034552520","https://openalex.org/W3034971973","https://openalex.org/W3046838151","https://openalex.org/W3106250896","https://openalex.org/W3121020412","https://openalex.org/W3157386596","https://openalex.org/W3162418282","https://openalex.org/W3168844623","https://openalex.org/W3171660447","https://openalex.org/W3175630421","https://openalex.org/W3177052299","https://openalex.org/W3193501245","https://openalex.org/W3208645658","https://openalex.org/W4285278903","https://openalex.org/W4302275239","https://openalex.org/W4312823573","https://openalex.org/W4313172897","https://openalex.org/W4364302311","https://openalex.org/W4372347372","https://openalex.org/W4383899720","https://openalex.org/W4384519088","https://openalex.org/W4386071817","https://openalex.org/W4386076053","https://openalex.org/W4386076325","https://openalex.org/W4388019109","https://openalex.org/W4403770406","https://openalex.org/W6771062828","https://openalex.org/W6779586474","https://openalex.org/W6785465245","https://openalex.org/W6862000706","https://openalex.org/W6893711219"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4292830139","https://openalex.org/W4319309705","https://openalex.org/W2988498288","https://openalex.org/W1991764124","https://openalex.org/W2786308501","https://openalex.org/W2012247345","https://openalex.org/W4318719019","https://openalex.org/W2145243726","https://openalex.org/W2463550667","https://openalex.org/W2351649588"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"How":[0],"to":[1,22,60,69,88,96,137,150],"achieve":[2,138],"fast":[3],"and":[4,12,37,83,159,186],"accurate":[5],"small":[6,41,64,93,173],"object":[7,65],"detection":[8,66,180,194],"holds":[9],"crucial":[10],"theoretical":[11],"practical":[13],"significance.":[14],"However,":[15],"this":[16],"task":[17],"encounters":[18],"substantial":[19],"challenges":[20],"due":[21],"scale":[23,104],"differences":[24],"among":[25,106],"instances":[26],"in":[27],"the":[28,32,45,63,71,81,90,98,103,122,147,151,155,160,175,179],"scene,":[29],"along":[30],"with":[31],"scarcity":[33],"of":[34,40,74,92,146,166,172],"inherent":[35],"features":[36,76,91],"weak":[38],"representation":[39],"instances.":[42,94,148],"To":[43],"alleviate":[44],"above":[46],"problems,":[47],"we":[48,79,108,133],"propose":[49],"a":[50,110,169,191],"novel":[51],"attention-based":[52],"cascaded":[53,112],"adaptive":[54,113],"feature":[55],"pyramid":[56,115],"fusion":[57,114],"network,":[58,153],"CA2Det,":[59],"effectively":[61,120],"improve":[62],"performance.":[67],"First,":[68],"prevent":[70],"information":[72,99,123,128,145],"degradation":[73],"small-instance":[75],"during":[77],"training,":[78],"introduce":[80],"efficient":[82,139],"lightweight":[84],"Shuffle":[85],"Attention":[86],"mechanism":[87],"highlight":[89],"Second,":[95],"mitigate":[97],"conflicts":[100,124],"arising":[101],"from":[102],"inconsistency":[105],"instances,":[107,174],"design":[109],"double-layer":[111],"module,":[116],"CAFP,":[117],"which":[118,167],"can":[119],"suppress":[121],"while":[125,189],"enabling":[126],"full":[127],"exchange":[129],"across":[130],"layers.":[131],"Finally,":[132],"combine":[134],"sparse":[135],"convolution":[136],"high-resolution":[140],"input,":[141],"providing":[142],"richer":[143],"geometric":[144],"Compared":[149],"baseline":[152],"on":[154],"COCO":[156],"benchmark":[157],"dataset":[158,163],"popular":[161],"UAV":[162],"VisDrone,":[164],"both":[165],"contain":[168],"large":[170],"number":[171],"proposed":[176],"method":[177],"improves":[178],"accuracy":[181],"mAP":[182],"values":[183],"by":[184],"1.1%":[185],"2.2%,":[187],"respectively,":[188],"having":[190],"good":[192],"real-time":[193],"speed.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}