{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394730941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3387728","title":"Enhanced Network Metric Prediction for Machine Learning-Based Cyber Security of a Software-Defined UAV Relay Network","display_name":"Enhanced Network Metric Prediction for Machine Learning-Based Cyber Security of a Software-Defined UAV Relay Network","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394730941","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3387728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3387728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3387728","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10497092.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10497092.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024375425","display_name":"Dennis Agnew","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0077-2655"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis Agnew","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0077-2655","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020881228","display_name":"\u00c1lvaro Del \u00c1guila","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alvaro Del Aguila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6206-4179","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026358353","display_name":"Janise McNair","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0448-8723"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Janise Mcnair","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":17.3414,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98740449,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"54202","last_page":"54219"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9430000185966492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8181068897247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.6615678668022156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.6406228542327881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-networking","display_name":"Software-defined networking","score":0.5486002564430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5373598337173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.4804753363132477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4587642550468445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.32267189025878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.25698530673980713}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8181068897247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.6615678668022156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.6406228542327881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.5486002564430237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5373598337173462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.4804753363132477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4587642550468445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.32267189025878906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.25698530673980713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3387728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3387728","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10497092.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:18ca66ec2f6a4011b3cac3a1b3cac4f3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/18ca66ec2f6a4011b3cac3a1b3cac4f3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 54202-54219 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3387728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3387728","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10497092.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5288576742","display_name":"Phase I IUCRC University of Florida:  Center for Space, High-Performance, and Resilient Computing (SHREC)","funder_award_id":"1738420","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394730941.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394730941.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7103816","https://openalex.org/W1522260799","https://openalex.org/W1968163239","https://openalex.org/W1994923422","https://openalex.org/W2027645392","https://openalex.org/W2039866862","https://openalex.org/W2040340473","https://openalex.org/W2077234315","https://openalex.org/W2083830507","https://openalex.org/W2099501333","https://openalex.org/W2123548135","https://openalex.org/W2124497098","https://openalex.org/W2147118406","https://openalex.org/W2232720325","https://openalex.org/W2290414438","https://openalex.org/W2410950013","https://openalex.org/W2566869048","https://openalex.org/W2766764374","https://openalex.org/W2900839710","https://openalex.org/W2907960848","https://openalex.org/W2908467323","https://openalex.org/W2941458981","https://openalex.org/W2994083428","https://openalex.org/W3003219877","https://openalex.org/W3011880600","https://openalex.org/W3015875312","https://openalex.org/W3025204993","https://openalex.org/W3114936454","https://openalex.org/W3172174732","https://openalex.org/W3176721776","https://openalex.org/W3214709021","https://openalex.org/W4213251304","https://openalex.org/W4214522433","https://openalex.org/W4243856920","https://openalex.org/W4281666972","https://openalex.org/W4284699136","https://openalex.org/W4285167041","https://openalex.org/W4289813740","https://openalex.org/W4292414888","https://openalex.org/W4309635195","https://openalex.org/W4309939034","https://openalex.org/W4320031079","https://openalex.org/W4322493038","https://openalex.org/W4323338559","https://openalex.org/W4362557961","https://openalex.org/W4375947535","https://openalex.org/W4377691173","https://openalex.org/W4380143028","https://openalex.org/W4384207644","https://openalex.org/W4386952049","https://openalex.org/W4388506701","https://openalex.org/W4389270731","https://openalex.org/W4390189951","https://openalex.org/W4390290948","https://openalex.org/W6638835209","https://openalex.org/W6761552310","https://openalex.org/W6996791534"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2539674285","https://openalex.org/W1038122923","https://openalex.org/W1998322187","https://openalex.org/W2952514781","https://openalex.org/W3019210376","https://openalex.org/W2391145594","https://openalex.org/W2326572623","https://openalex.org/W2137838797","https://openalex.org/W2284606164","https://openalex.org/W2966229283"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unmanned":[0],"aerial":[1],"vehicles":[2],"(UAVs),":[3],"e.g.,":[4],"drones,":[5],"have":[6],"become":[7],"crucial":[8],"assets":[9,141],"in":[10,49,145,285,306,367],"the":[11,94,97,143,169,189,197,252,263,268,273,295,334,345,355,365,368,375,384,387],"military\u2019s":[12],"fleet":[13],"of":[14,60,67,90,96,160,191,199,206,228,248,254,272,282,333,336,347,383,389],"vehicles.":[15],"UAVs":[16,91],"can":[17,25,184],"provide":[18,33],"limited":[19],"bandwidth":[20,36],"for":[21,84,155,209,251,303,354,364,386],"tactical":[22],"communications":[23],"and":[24,69,129,133,140,166,213,279,310,331,361],"act":[26],"as":[27,54,106],"relays":[28],"over":[29],"battlefields.":[30],"Modern":[31],"drones":[32],"much":[34],"higher":[35],"than":[37],"their":[38],"legacy":[39],"predecessors":[40],"with":[41],"dynamic":[42],"antenna":[43],"capabilities":[44,135],"that":[45,63,79,183],"would":[46],"be":[47],"useful":[48],"communicating":[50],"around":[51],"obstacles,":[52],"such":[53],"urban":[55,148],"corridors":[56],"formed":[57],"by":[58,314],"rows":[59],"tall":[61],"buildings":[62],"limit":[64],"terrestrial":[65],"lines":[66],"sight":[68],"attenuate":[70],"high":[71],"frequencies.":[72],"While":[73],"it":[74],"is":[75,82,104,203],"still":[76],"more":[77],"likely":[78],"one":[80],"UAV":[81,123],"used":[83,120],"this":[85,219,221,324],"purpose,":[86],"a":[87,121,146,153,192,204,224,229,286,300],"well-managed":[88],"cluster":[89],"could":[92],"increase":[93],"functionality":[95,190],"entire":[98],"terrestrial-drone":[99],"network.":[100,194,231],"Software-defined":[101],"networking":[102],"(SDN)":[103],"recognized":[105],"an":[107,328],"effective":[108],"way":[109],"to":[110,126,136,188,196,217,243,266,298,308,378],"manage":[111],"distributed":[112],"wireless":[113],"networks.":[114],"In":[115,215,323],"our":[116,233,337,348],"previous":[117,236],"research,":[118],"we":[119,151,326,352],"software-defined":[122],"(SD-UAV)":[124],"network":[125,245,264,296,321,376,380],"offer":[127],"organized":[128],"secure":[130],"communication":[131],"resources":[132],"relaying":[134],"soldiers,":[137],"military":[138],"vehicles,":[139],"on":[142],"ground":[144],"signal-challenged":[147],"environment.":[149],"Additionally,":[150],"developed":[152,181],"framework":[154],"detecting":[156,315],"common":[157],"multiple":[158],"types":[159],"cyberattacks":[161,182],"(black":[162],"hole,":[163,165],"gray":[164],"jamming)":[167],"using":[168,240],"Light":[170],"Gradient":[171],"Boosting":[172],"machine":[173],"learning":[174],"algorithm.":[175],"However,":[176],"zero-day":[177,258,312,393],"attacks":[178,313],"are":[179],"newly":[180],"cause":[185],"significant":[186],"harm":[187],"SD-UAV":[193,230,249,284,320],"Due":[195],"novelty":[198],"these":[200],"attacks,":[201],"there":[202],"lack":[205],"data":[207],"samples":[208],"ML":[210,304],"model":[211],"training":[212,305],"testing.":[214],"order":[216,307],"tackle":[218],"problem,":[220],"paper":[222],"provides":[223],"predictive":[225,338,349,371],"queuing":[226,241,339,350,372],"analysis":[227,242,261,351,373],"To":[232],"knowledge,":[234],"no":[235],"work":[237],"has":[238],"proposed":[239],"predict":[244,379],"performance":[246,381],"statistics":[247,382],"networks":[250],"purpose":[253,388],"enhancing":[255,390],"security":[256,391],"against":[257,392],"cyberattacks.":[259,394],"This":[260,293],"allows":[262,294],"operator":[265,297,377],"calculate":[267],"expected":[269],"theoretical":[270],"values":[271],"average":[274,356],"interarrival":[275,357],"time,":[276],"transmission":[277,359],"delay,":[278,360],"packet":[280,362],"count":[281,363],"each":[283],"swarm":[287],"under":[288],"normal,":[289],"non-attack":[290],"operating":[291],"conditions.":[292],"establish":[299],"normal":[301],"baseline":[302],"compare":[309],"detect":[311],"any":[316],"malicious":[317],"or":[318],"abnormal":[319],"behavior.":[322],"study,":[325],"conduct":[327],"analysis,":[329],"simulation,":[330],"discussion":[332],"results":[335,343],"anlysis.":[340],"Our":[341,370],"simulation":[342],"confirm":[344],"accuracy":[346],"obtained":[353],"times,":[358],"SD-UAVs":[366,385],"swarm.":[369],"enables":[374]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}