{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392207857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3371013","title":"Distributed Denial of Service Attack in HTTP/2: Review on Security Issues and Future Challenges","display_name":"Distributed Denial of Service Attack in HTTP/2: Review on Security Issues and Future Challenges","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392207857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3371013"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3371013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3371013","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10452338.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10452338.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061521296","display_name":"Liang Ming","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3622-3965"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161371597","display_name":"Universiti of Malaysia Sabah","ror":"https://ror.org/040v70252","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161371597"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110609","display_name":"Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01rcvq140","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210110609"]}],"countries":["CN","MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Liang Ming","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office of Information Technology, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China","Cybersecurity Research Lab, Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office of Information Technology, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110609"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cybersecurity Research Lab, Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161371597"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010351554","display_name":"Yu\u2010Beng Leau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5386-2734"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161371597","display_name":"Universiti of Malaysia Sabah","ror":"https://ror.org/040v70252","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161371597"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Beng Leau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cybersecurity Research Laboratory, Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5386-2734","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cybersecurity Research Laboratory, Faculty of Computing and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161371597"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050258808","display_name":"Ying Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7399-0963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32377083","display_name":"Yangtze Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05v8v7d33","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32377083"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ying Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["The First Experimental Primary School, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The First Experimental Primary School, Yangtze Normal University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32377083"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5061521296"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161371597","https://openalex.org/I4210110609"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.8788,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90778302,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"33296","last_page":"33308"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.8654139041900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7880117893218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6495158672332764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5165921449661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol","display_name":"Protocol (science)","score":0.5045560598373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.46038225293159485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.4479064345359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.2518181800842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.22455307841300964}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.8654139041900635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7880117893218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6495158672332764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5165921449661255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780385302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367158","display_name":"Protocol (science)","level":3,"score":0.5045560598373413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.46038225293159485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.4479064345359802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.2518181800842285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.22455307841300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3371013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3371013","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10452338.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:098aa850a055420392fb1a11cbb7e63a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/098aa850a055420392fb1a11cbb7e63a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 33296-33308 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3371013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3371013","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10452338.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1150634568","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22A20102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323704","display_name":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah","ror":"https://ror.org/040v70252"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392207857.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392207857.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1660261345","https://openalex.org/W2156010380","https://openalex.org/W2552553351","https://openalex.org/W2561784576","https://openalex.org/W2608183811","https://openalex.org/W2743139118","https://openalex.org/W2758836598","https://openalex.org/W2766692711","https://openalex.org/W2767050622","https://openalex.org/W2792387367","https://openalex.org/W2797707263","https://openalex.org/W2808653558","https://openalex.org/W2903018681","https://openalex.org/W2929803724","https://openalex.org/W2965452593","https://openalex.org/W2968608148","https://openalex.org/W2987595184","https://openalex.org/W3041383354","https://openalex.org/W3114739594","https://openalex.org/W3157317299","https://openalex.org/W3190955496","https://openalex.org/W3195196909","https://openalex.org/W4205977722","https://openalex.org/W4296918389","https://openalex.org/W4376607515","https://openalex.org/W4377699358","https://openalex.org/W6679280863","https://openalex.org/W6748250210"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3048799479","https://openalex.org/W3006507989","https://openalex.org/W1484565796","https://openalex.org/W4230824443","https://openalex.org/W3026018975","https://openalex.org/W2779961139","https://openalex.org/W2185673024","https://openalex.org/W4377970398","https://openalex.org/W4240241597","https://openalex.org/W2763500028"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,62,189],"article":[1,171],"offers":[2],"a":[3,55,133,193],"comprehensive":[4,194],"overview":[5],"of":[6,17,34,57,68,88,96,113,136,143,148,158,165,184,196],"recent":[7],"literature":[8],"on":[9],"the":[10,18,32,42,65,69,86,93,99,111,116,119,126,155,163,166,170,182,197,201],"HTTP/2":[11,38,76,97,130,167,202],"protocol":[12,203],"and":[13,21,46,77,146,181,204],"conducts":[14],"an":[15],"analysis":[16],"security":[19,60,198],"threats":[20],"DDoS":[22,72,103,179,210],"attack":[23,89,104,211],"typologies":[24],"associated":[25,177],"with":[26,121,178],"HTTP/2.":[27,114,188],"The":[28],"investigation":[29],"revealed":[30],"that":[31],"introduction":[33],"new":[35],"features":[36,95],"in":[37,71,85,129,162],"has":[39],"significantly":[40],"improved":[41],"network":[43,59,144],"transmission":[44],"speed":[45],"utilization.":[47],"However,":[48],"these":[49],"advancements":[50],"have":[51],"also":[52],"brought":[53],"forth":[54],"series":[56],"emerging":[58],"risks.":[61],"study":[63,100],"examines":[64],"current":[66],"state":[67],"art":[70],"attacks":[73,180],"tailored":[74],"for":[75,108,187,208],"their":[78],"detection":[79,105,212],"methods,":[80],"proposing":[81],"future":[82],"research":[83,117,190],"directions":[84],"field":[87],"detection.":[90],"By":[91],"analyzing":[92],"distinctive":[94],"protocol,":[98],"suggests":[101],"extending":[102],"techniques":[106],"established":[107],"HTTP/1":[109],"to":[110,131,140,174,192],"realm":[112],"Furthermore,":[115],"underscores":[118],"ease":[120],"which":[122],"adversaries":[123],"can":[124],"exploit":[125],"intrinsic":[127],"multiplexing":[128],"launch":[132],"large":[134],"number":[135],"malicious":[137],"requests,":[138],"leading":[139],"severe":[141],"depletion":[142],"bandwidth":[145],"exhaustion":[147],"valuable":[149,206],"server":[150],"resources.":[151],"Additionally,":[152,169],"it":[153],"highlights":[154],"potential":[156],"applicability":[157],"deep":[159],"learning":[160],"algorithms":[161],"context":[164],"protocol.":[168],"proposes":[172],"strategies":[173],"address":[175],"challenges":[176],"scarcity":[183],"adequate":[185],"datasets":[186],"contributes":[191],"understanding":[195],"implications":[199],"surrounding":[200],"provides":[205],"insights":[207],"advancing":[209],"technologies.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-26T13:28:51.108037","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
