{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4392061595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3365273","title":"Sandpiper Optimization Algorithm With Region Growing Based Robust Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation Approach","display_name":"Sandpiper Optimization Algorithm With Region Growing Based Robust Retinal Blood Vessel Segmentation Approach","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4392061595","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3365273"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3365273","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3365273","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10443598.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10443598.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036843873","display_name":"Ibrahim AlMohimeed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2054-6134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195631090","display_name":"Majmaah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mcrnj60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim AlMohimeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma\u2019ah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma&#x2019;ah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2054-6134","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma\u2019ah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma&#x2019;ah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063103313","display_name":"Mohamed Yacin Sikkandar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7971-1504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195631090","display_name":"Majmaah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mcrnj60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Yacin Sikkandar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma\u2019ah, Saudi Arabia","Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma&#x2019;ah, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7971-1504","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma\u2019ah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al Majma&#x2019;ah, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036592902","display_name":"A. Mohanarathinam","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I65220239","display_name":"Karpagam Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/00ssvzv66","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I65220239"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Mohanarathinam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I65220239"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101691877","display_name":"Velmurugan Subbiah Parvathy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-1454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98499257","display_name":"Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education","ror":"https://ror.org/04fm2fn75","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98499257"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Velmurugan Subbiah Parvathy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnan Kovil, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnan Kovil, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98499257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085584754","display_name":"Mohamad Khairi Ishak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3554-0061"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139322472","display_name":"Universiti Sains Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/02rgb2k63","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182000528","display_name":"Ajman University","ror":"https://ror.org/01j1rma10","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]}],"countries":["AE","MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamad Khairi Ishak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3554-0061","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182000528"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139322472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036784649","display_name":"Faten Khalid Karim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1111-5818"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faten Khalid Karim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1111-5818","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Sciences, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063114495","display_name":"Samih M. Mostafa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9234-5898"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189575948","display_name":"South Valley University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jxshx33","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189575948"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91041137","display_name":"Assiut University","ror":"https://ror.org/01jaj8n65","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samih M. Mostafa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computers and Information, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt","Faculty of Industry and Energy Technology, New Assiut Technological University (N.A.T.U.), New Assiut City, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9234-5898","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Faculty of Computers and Information, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189575948"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Industry and Energy Technology, New Assiut Technological University (N.A.T.U.), New Assiut City, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91041137"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036843873"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.7406,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89700643,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"28612","last_page":"28620"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12874","display_name":"Digital Imaging for Blood Diseases","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10250","display_name":"Glaucoma and retinal disorders","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6266216039657593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-segmentation","display_name":"Image segmentation","score":0.5547470450401306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5098282694816589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.46527785062789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4389244616031647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4324558973312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3633410930633545}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6266216039657593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.5547470450401306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5098282694816589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.46527785062789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4389244616031647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4324558973312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3633410930633545}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3365273","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3365273","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10443598.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:35a11413944d419795799aea0b2be21e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/35a11413944d419795799aea0b2be21e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 28612-28620 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3365273","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3365273","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10443598.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2254509105","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PNURSP2024R300","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392061595.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4392061595.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995280601","https://openalex.org/W2061272711","https://openalex.org/W2072130234","https://openalex.org/W2129534965","https://openalex.org/W2145305441","https://openalex.org/W2150769593","https://openalex.org/W2801475611","https://openalex.org/W2895202718","https://openalex.org/W2965819804","https://openalex.org/W2966989968","https://openalex.org/W2970104829","https://openalex.org/W2972096900","https://openalex.org/W2982608860","https://openalex.org/W3008536643","https://openalex.org/W3016758910","https://openalex.org/W3028186162","https://openalex.org/W3030153799","https://openalex.org/W3032920083","https://openalex.org/W3048451585","https://openalex.org/W3104734424","https://openalex.org/W3111978277","https://openalex.org/W3126984895","https://openalex.org/W3139489160","https://openalex.org/W3155737436","https://openalex.org/W3194051515","https://openalex.org/W4200089126","https://openalex.org/W6754603583","https://openalex.org/W6761561253"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051487156","https://openalex.org/W2073681303","https://openalex.org/W2053286651","https://openalex.org/W2181743346","https://openalex.org/W2187401768","https://openalex.org/W2181413294","https://openalex.org/W2989452537","https://openalex.org/W2052122378","https://openalex.org/W2544423928","https://openalex.org/W1522196789"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Retinal":[0,235],"blood":[1,91],"vessel":[2,16,28,53,92,114,133,150,178],"examination":[3],"is":[4,58,221],"commonly":[5],"utilized":[6],"for":[7,154,237],"retinal":[8,15,27,90,132,149,159],"disease":[9,215],"diagnosis":[10],"by":[11,125],"ophthalmologists.":[12],"The":[13,96,117,250],"automated":[14,192],"segmentation":[17,29,54,93,151,186,193],"process":[18],"becomes":[19],"an":[20],"essential":[21],"tool":[22],"to":[23,43,60,141,210],"identify":[24],"disease.":[25],"Several":[26],"models":[30],"suffer":[31],"from":[32],"a":[33,81],"lack":[34],"of":[35,46,55,80,103,148,158,168,187,214,243,256,266],"high":[36],"generalization":[37,144],"abilities":[38],"and":[39,49,67,112,128,146,164,176,202,223,247,269,274],"low":[40],"accuracy":[41,147,265],"due":[42],"the":[44,78,121,143,155,181,191,206,211,224,244,254,257],"presence":[45],"complex":[47],"symmetrical":[48,127],"asymmetrical":[50,129],"patterns.":[51],"Robust":[52],"fundus":[56,188],"images":[57],"needed":[59],"improve":[61,142],"diagnostic":[62],"performance":[63,213],"including":[64],"vein":[65,162],"occlusion":[66,163],"diabetic":[68],"retinopathy":[69],"(DR).":[70],"In":[71],"this":[72,74],"aspect,":[73],"study":[75,252],"concentrates":[76],"on":[77,228],"design":[79],"sandpiper":[82],"optimization":[83],"algorithm":[84],"with":[85,263],"region":[86],"growing":[87],"based":[88],"robust":[89,185],"(SPORG-RBVS)":[94],"approach.":[95],"proposed":[97],"SPORG-RBVS":[98,182,258],"technique":[99],"involves":[100],"different":[101],"stages":[102],"pre-processing":[104],"such":[105,232],"as":[106,233],"grayscale":[107,171],"conversion,":[108,172],"Z-score-based":[109,173],"data":[110,174],"normalization,":[111,175],"multi-scale":[113,177],"enhancement":[115,179],"filtering.":[116],"SPO":[118,207],"approach":[119,194],"addresses":[120],"intricate":[122],"challenges":[123],"modeled":[124],"difficult":[126],"patterns":[130],"in":[131],"segmentation.":[134],"This":[135],"method":[136,259],"has":[137],"been":[138],"specifically":[139],"designed":[140],"capabilities":[145],"manners,":[152],"vital":[153],"precise":[156],"detection":[157],"diseases":[160],"like":[161],"DR.":[165],"Through":[166],"phases":[167],"preprocessing":[169],"comprising":[170],"filtering,":[180],"model":[183],"ensures":[184],"images.":[189],"Particularly,":[190],"employing":[195],"SPORG":[196],"incorporates":[197],"primary":[198],"seed":[199],"point":[200],"generation":[201],"threshold":[203],"determination":[204],"using":[205],"method,":[208],"contributing":[209],"overall":[212],"detection.":[216],"A":[217],"wide-ranging":[218],"experimental":[219],"analysis":[220],"executed":[222],"outcomes":[225],"are":[226],"examined":[227],"three":[229],"benchmark":[230],"databases":[231],"Digital":[234],"Images":[236],"Vessel":[238],"Extraction":[239],"(DRIVE),":[240],"Structured":[241],"Analysis":[242],"Retina":[245],"(STARE),":[246],"CHASE_DB1":[248],"(CHASE).":[249],"comparative":[251],"stated":[253],"supremacy":[255],"over":[260],"existing":[261],"techniques":[262],"maximum":[264],"98.68%,":[267],"98.14%%,":[268],"98.34%":[270],"under":[271],"DRIVE,":[272],"STARE,":[273],"CHASE":[275],"datasets,":[276],"respectively.":[277]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
