{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391547780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361943","title":"Lung Sound Classification With Multi-Feature Integration Utilizing Lightweight CNN Model","display_name":"Lung Sound Classification With Multi-Feature Integration Utilizing Lightweight CNN Model","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391547780","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361943"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3361943","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361943","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10419195.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10419195.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093865613","display_name":"Thinira Wanasinghe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1719-7585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195740183","display_name":"University of Moratuwa","ror":"https://ror.org/0491f5305","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thinira Wanasinghe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1719-7585","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103240782","display_name":"Sakuni Bandara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1840-2497"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195740183","display_name":"University of Moratuwa","ror":"https://ror.org/0491f5305","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sakuni Bandara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1840-2497","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005463653","display_name":"Supun Madusanka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1030-4832"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195740183","display_name":"University of Moratuwa","ror":"https://ror.org/0491f5305","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Supun Madusanka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1030-4832","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020197064","display_name":"Dulani Meedeniya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4520-3819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195740183","display_name":"University of Moratuwa","ror":"https://ror.org/0491f5305","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dulani Meedeniya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4520-3819","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089103620","display_name":"Meelan Bandara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-8679"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195740183","display_name":"University of Moratuwa","ror":"https://ror.org/0491f5305","country_code":"LK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}],"countries":["LK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meelan Bandara","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7414-8679","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Moratuwa, Moratuwa, Sri Lanka","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195740183"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046258353","display_name":"Isabel de la Torre D\u00edez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3134-7720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108103353","display_name":"Universidad de Valladolid","ror":"https://ror.org/01fvbaw18","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108103353"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Isabel De La Torre D\u00edez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Signal Theory and Communications, and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3134-7720","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Signal Theory and Communications, and Telematics Engineering, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108103353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":19.8298,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":68,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99648828,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"21262","last_page":"21276"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12419","display_name":"Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11309","display_name":"Music and Audio Processing","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auscultation","display_name":"Auscultation","score":0.8130477666854858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7982628345489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6626361608505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-sounds","display_name":"Respiratory sounds","score":0.5881373882293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mel-frequency-cepstrum","display_name":"Mel-frequency cepstrum","score":0.5774211287498474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5728203058242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5653931498527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5354025363922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.5211946368217468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4682750701904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.46645206212997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4254648983478546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4155064821243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.07959002256393433}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777324038","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779054","display_name":"Auscultation","level":2,"score":0.8130477666854858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7982628345489502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6626361608505249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777402568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779038","display_name":"Respiratory sounds","level":3,"score":0.5881373882293701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151989614","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440370","display_name":"Mel-frequency cepstrum","level":3,"score":0.5774211287498474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5728203058242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5653931498527527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5354025363922119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.5211946368217468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4682750701904297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.46645206212997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4254648983478546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4155064821243286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.07959002256393433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776042228","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35869","display_name":"Asthma","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3361943","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361943","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10419195.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a132de413302471d8965b39acce26d62","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a132de413302471d8965b39acce26d62","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 21262-21276 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3361943","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361943","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10419195.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325939","display_name":"University of Moratuwa","ror":"https://ror.org/0491f5305"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391547780.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391547780.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2505225319","https://openalex.org/W2768465935","https://openalex.org/W2790761036","https://openalex.org/W2899493363","https://openalex.org/W2921177942","https://openalex.org/W2954103020","https://openalex.org/W2962851944","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2964439653","https://openalex.org/W2996061341","https://openalex.org/W2997604048","https://openalex.org/W3011926303","https://openalex.org/W3020747538","https://openalex.org/W3021055262","https://openalex.org/W3022095039","https://openalex.org/W3022506313","https://openalex.org/W3027928993","https://openalex.org/W3033438356","https://openalex.org/W3034052356","https://openalex.org/W3082250113","https://openalex.org/W3092534834","https://openalex.org/W3097359093","https://openalex.org/W3103935216","https://openalex.org/W3107962736","https://openalex.org/W3108860493","https://openalex.org/W3116715673","https://openalex.org/W3128301555","https://openalex.org/W3128681511","https://openalex.org/W3137206040","https://openalex.org/W3154807520","https://openalex.org/W3175127495","https://openalex.org/W3194600507","https://openalex.org/W3206824631","https://openalex.org/W3208458519","https://openalex.org/W4213086326","https://openalex.org/W4223451406","https://openalex.org/W4224073528","https://openalex.org/W4225273861","https://openalex.org/W4285736274","https://openalex.org/W4292543379","https://openalex.org/W4297329611","https://openalex.org/W4298061300","https://openalex.org/W4320521581","https://openalex.org/W4322763655","https://openalex.org/W4380302428","https://openalex.org/W4385576721","https://openalex.org/W4386692426","https://openalex.org/W4387032904","https://openalex.org/W4388470057","https://openalex.org/W4390417528","https://openalex.org/W4390876555","https://openalex.org/W6685133223","https://openalex.org/W6748218292"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1840225551","https://openalex.org/W4317383455","https://openalex.org/W2548511587","https://openalex.org/W2422472940","https://openalex.org/W2019475500","https://openalex.org/W2588063380","https://openalex.org/W2548162870","https://openalex.org/W2189361085","https://openalex.org/W2970526294","https://openalex.org/W2014300726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Detecting":[0],"respiratory":[1,9,98],"diseases":[2,19,48],"is":[3,153,184],"of":[4,13,18,24,46,63,167,181],"utmost":[5],"importance,":[6],"considering":[7],"that":[8,73,131,188],"ailments":[10],"represent":[11],"one":[12],"the":[14,40,44,61,77,82,88,150,159,165,168,201],"most":[15],"prevalent":[16],"categories":[17],"globally.":[20],"The":[21,145,178],"initial":[22],"stage":[23],"lung":[25,47,64,71,108,190],"disease":[26],"detection":[27,45],"involves":[28],"auscultation":[29,41],"conducted":[30],"by":[31,67,172,195],"specialists,":[32],"relying":[33],"significantly":[34],"on":[35,164],"their":[36],"expertise.":[37],"Therefore,":[38],"automating":[39],"process":[42],"for":[43,155],"can":[49],"yield":[50],"enhanced":[51],"efficiency.":[52],"Artificial":[53,175],"intelligence":[54],"(AI)":[55],"has":[56],"shown":[57],"promise":[58],"in":[59,116,149],"improving":[60],"accuracy":[62,147],"sound":[65,99,109],"classification":[66,78,152,169,202],"extracting":[68],"features":[69,86,198],"from":[70,135],"sounds":[72,191],"are":[74],"relevant":[75],"to":[76,199],"task":[79],"and":[80,87,106,143],"learning":[81],"relationships":[83],"between":[84],"these":[85],"different":[89],"pulmonary":[90],"diseases.":[91],"This":[92],"paper":[93,162],"utilizes":[94,132],"two":[95],"publicly":[96],"available":[97,111],"recordings":[100],"namely,":[101],"ICBHI":[102],"2017":[103],"challenge":[104],"dataset":[105,110],"another":[107],"at":[112],"Mendeley":[113],"Data.":[114],"Foremost":[115],"this":[117,161,182],"paper,":[118],"we":[119],"provide":[120],"a":[121,126,185],"detailed":[122],"exposition":[123],"about":[124],"employing":[125,173],"Convolutional":[127],"Neural":[128],"Network":[129],"(CNN)":[130],"feature":[133],"extraction":[134],"Mel":[136,138],"spectrograms,":[137],"frequency":[139],"cepstral":[140],"coefficients":[141],"(MFCCs),":[142],"Chromagram.":[144],"highest":[146],"achieved":[148],"developed":[151],"91.04%":[154],"10":[156,193],"classes.":[157],"Extending":[158],"contribution,":[160],"elaborates":[163],"explanation":[166],"model":[170,187],"prediction":[171],"Explainable":[174],"Intelligence":[176],"(XAI).":[177],"novel":[179],"contribution":[180],"study":[183],"CNN":[186],"classifies":[189],"into":[192],"classes":[194],"combining":[196],"audio-specific":[197],"enhance":[200],"process.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}