{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391454446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361407","title":"Improving the Robustness of IoT-Powered Smart City Applications Through Service-Reliant Application Authentication Technique","display_name":"Improving the Robustness of IoT-Powered Smart City Applications Through Service-Reliant Application Authentication Technique","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391454446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361407"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3361407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361407","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10418463.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10418463.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087784805","display_name":"Jamil Abedalrahim Jamil Alsayaydeh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9768-4925"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32589535","display_name":"Technical University of Malaysia Malacca","ror":"https://ror.org/01xb6rs26","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jamil Abedalrahim Jamil Alsayaydeh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering Technology, Fakulti Teknologi and Kejuruteraan Elektronik and Komputer (FTKEK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9768-4925","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering Technology, Fakulti Teknologi and Kejuruteraan Elektronik and Komputer (FTKEK), Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061952683","display_name":"Irianto Irianto","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irianto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of General Education, Faculty of Resilience, Rabdan Academy, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0733-126X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of General Education, Faculty of Resilience, Rabdan Academy, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073591075","display_name":"Mohanad Faeq Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3242-9798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32589535","display_name":"Technical University of Malaysia Malacca","ror":"https://ror.org/01xb6rs26","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohanad Faeq Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fakulti Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3242-9798","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fakulti Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076275091","display_name":"Mohammed Nasser Al-Andoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6491-9938"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32589535","display_name":"Technical University of Malaysia Malacca","ror":"https://ror.org/01xb6rs26","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammed Nasser Mohammed Al-Andoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6491-9938","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Information and Communication Technology, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM), Durian Tunggal, Melaka, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077466854","display_name":"Safarudin Gazali Herawan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-8075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166073570","display_name":"Binus University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmf4s77","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Safarudin Gazali Herawan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5725-8075","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Industrial Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087784805"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32589535"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.7714,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84171577,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"19405","last_page":"19417"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13918","display_name":"Advanced Data and IoT Technologies","score":0.800599992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13918","display_name":"Advanced Data and IoT Technologies","score":0.800599992275238,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.7785999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.7110999822616577,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7449865937232971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.6973764896392822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-of-things","display_name":"Internet of Things","score":0.6140832901000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5644621253013611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5279587507247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.36295753717422485}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7449865937232971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.6973764896392822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81860439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q251212","display_name":"Internet of Things","level":2,"score":0.6140832901000977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5644621253013611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5279587507247925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.36295753717422485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3361407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361407","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10418463.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c1d099f9c8174f84aac75ee7d572c181","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c1d099f9c8174f84aac75ee7d572c181","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 19405-19417 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3361407","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361407","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10418463.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322873","display_name":"Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka","ror":"https://ror.org/01xb6rs26"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391454446.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391454446.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116385997","https://openalex.org/W2134295053","https://openalex.org/W2491254649","https://openalex.org/W2576179182","https://openalex.org/W2605945764","https://openalex.org/W2615459164","https://openalex.org/W2783858216","https://openalex.org/W2789746206","https://openalex.org/W2803750062","https://openalex.org/W2809812715","https://openalex.org/W2903177638","https://openalex.org/W2906140151","https://openalex.org/W2911566513","https://openalex.org/W2917091861","https://openalex.org/W2922111521","https://openalex.org/W2936201262","https://openalex.org/W2943786395","https://openalex.org/W2944388723","https://openalex.org/W2964474528","https://openalex.org/W2974370208","https://openalex.org/W2981733341","https://openalex.org/W2987845144","https://openalex.org/W2990127528","https://openalex.org/W2990442567","https://openalex.org/W2994979382","https://openalex.org/W3000164488","https://openalex.org/W3005560537","https://openalex.org/W3006239515","https://openalex.org/W3008891060","https://openalex.org/W3016634017","https://openalex.org/W3017143302","https://openalex.org/W3020526436","https://openalex.org/W3020607937","https://openalex.org/W3027250858","https://openalex.org/W3034606981","https://openalex.org/W3035906777","https://openalex.org/W3037012819","https://openalex.org/W3105883416","https://openalex.org/W3135497297","https://openalex.org/W4313163337","https://openalex.org/W4386432017","https://openalex.org/W4386583866"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4311097251","https://openalex.org/W4245926026","https://openalex.org/W2586548817","https://openalex.org/W2625093826","https://openalex.org/W2950174689","https://openalex.org/W4200598720","https://openalex.org/W2921026492","https://openalex.org/W4361251261","https://openalex.org/W3031181660","https://openalex.org/W2912135041"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"applications":[1],"related":[2],"to":[3,26,76,104,142,154,204],"smart":[4,65],"cities,":[5],"the":[6,37,40,62,71,89,95,108,118,122,126,147,158,161,176],"Internet":[7],"of":[8,15,39,43,46,64,138,163],"Things":[9],"(IoT)":[10],"promotes":[11],"service":[12,164],"scalability":[13],"regardless":[14],"variations":[16],"in":[17,61,94,107,136],"user":[18,34,81,90,109],"density.":[19],"Many":[20],"customers":[21],"require":[22],"several":[23],"safety":[24],"procedures":[25],"supply":[27],"reliable":[28],"and":[29,85,112,175,185,198],"effective":[30],"application":[31,53,78],"services.":[32,149],"Undependable":[33],"identity":[35],"was":[36],"cause":[38],"current":[41],"case":[42],"Permanent":[44],"Denial":[45],"Service":[47],"(PDoS).":[48],"The":[49,80,131,169],"article":[50],"discusses":[51],"service-dependent":[52],"authentication":[54,68],"(SRAA),":[55],"a":[56],"defense":[57],"against":[58],"PDoS":[59,150],"attacks,":[60],"context":[63],"cities.":[66],"This":[67],"method":[69],"uses":[70],"controlled":[72],"access":[73,97,128,190],"distribution":[74,129],"mechanism":[75],"provide":[77],"security.":[79],"application\u2019s":[82],"link":[83],"connectivity":[84],"synchronisation":[86,199],"capabilities":[87],"with":[88],"device":[91],"are":[92],"used":[93,103],"monitored":[96],"distribution.":[98],"Backpropagation":[99],"(BP)":[100],"learning":[101,116],"is":[102],"find":[105],"errors":[106],"device,":[110],"implementation,":[111],"verification":[113],"connections.":[114],"BP":[115],"minimises":[117],"given":[119],"weights":[120,153],"using":[121],"anomaly":[123,132],"learned":[124],"from":[125,157],"initial":[127],"phase.":[130],"has":[133],"been":[134,173],"identified":[135],"order":[137],"earlier":[139],"training":[140],"eras":[141],"enable":[143],"coordinated":[144],"authorisation":[145],"for":[146,166],"distributed":[148],"causes":[151],"fewer":[152],"become":[155],"disconnected":[156],"service,":[159],"diminishing":[160],"number":[162],"failures":[165],"linked":[167],"devices.":[168],"experimental":[170],"findings":[171],"have":[172],"implemented,":[174],"suggested":[177],"SRAA":[178],"model":[179],"lowers":[180],"computation":[181],"overhead":[182],"by":[183,188,192,196,201],"18.14%":[184],"false":[186],"rate":[187],"10.96%,":[189],"success":[191],"9.07%,":[193],"authenticating":[194],"duration":[195],"15.38%":[197],"failure":[200],"8.94%":[202],"compared":[203],"other":[205],"existing":[206],"models.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
