{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391454507","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361284","title":"On the Use of Spatial Graphs for Performance Degradation Root-Cause Analysis Toward Self-Healing Mobile Networks","display_name":"On the Use of Spatial Graphs for Performance Degradation Root-Cause Analysis Toward Self-Healing Mobile Networks","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391454507","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361284"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3361284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361284","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10418212.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10418212.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030005104","display_name":"Lu\u00eds Mata","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4572-9156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124682","display_name":"Celfinet (Portugal)","ror":"https://ror.org/02z1x9d19","country_code":"PT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124682"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lu\u00eds Mata","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunicações, Lisbon, Portugal","Celfinet, a Cyient Company, Lisbon, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunicações, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Celfinet, a Cyient Company, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051755335","display_name":"Marco Sousa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2471-170X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203847022","display_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/04ea70f07","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203847022"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124682","display_name":"Celfinet (Portugal)","ror":"https://ror.org/02z1x9d19","country_code":"PT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124682"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Sousa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal","Celfinet, a Cyient Company, Lisbon, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203847022"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Celfinet, a Cyient Company, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124682"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081258184","display_name":"Pedro Vieira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0279-8741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Vieira","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunicações, Lisbon, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunicações, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067309569","display_name":"Maria Paula Queluz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0266-4022"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maria Paula Queluz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunicações, Lisbon, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunicações, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079526906","display_name":"Ant\u00f3nio Rodrigues","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2115-7245"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ant\u00f3nio Rodrigues","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Telecomunicações, Lisbon, Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunicações, Lisbon, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5030005104"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471","https://openalex.org/I4210124682"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.3842,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80539001,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"20490","last_page":"20508"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9739999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9739999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13731","display_name":"Advanced Computing and Algorithms","score":0.9513000249862671,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9366000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8176816701889038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-cause-analysis","display_name":"Root cause analysis","score":0.7281285524368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5722792744636536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.5407100319862366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-cause","display_name":"Root cause","score":0.5268282294273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5130382776260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.4926784634590149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4843665063381195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fault-management","display_name":"Fault management","score":0.4415706992149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.414591908454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.39496758580207825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.36889737844467163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.3593929409980774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.21810919046401978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.2020050287246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10640472173690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09568876028060913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8176816701889038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130963320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401207","display_name":"Root cause analysis","level":2,"score":0.7281285524368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5722792744636536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.5407100319862366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84945661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7366567","display_name":"Root cause","level":2,"score":0.5268282294273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5130382776260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4926784634590149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4843665063381195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108074857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3067360","display_name":"Fault management","level":3,"score":0.4415706992149353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.414591908454895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.39496758580207825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.36889737844467163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.3593929409980774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.21810919046401978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.2020050287246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10640472173690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09568876028060913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3361284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361284","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10418212.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:889146b64a0e4a3680bbd047dbd57ee1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/889146b64a0e4a3680bbd047dbd57ee1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 20490-20508 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.ipl.pt:10400.21/17878","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10400.21/17878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400762","display_name":"Reposit\u00f3rio Cient\u00edfico do Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa (Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I203847022","host_organization_name":"Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico de Lisboa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203847022"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3361284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3361284","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10418212.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/12","score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Responsible consumption and production"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2631452109","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(ERDF)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3550249319","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NORTE 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6603360721","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PORTUGAL 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8570012161","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"unknown","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","funder_display_name":"European Regional Development Fund"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328988","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338388","display_name":"Eurostars","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391454507.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391454507.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W2050559946","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2741401130","https://openalex.org/W2792643794","https://openalex.org/W2898227265","https://openalex.org/W2907101105","https://openalex.org/W2907492528","https://openalex.org/W2939208918","https://openalex.org/W2949130142","https://openalex.org/W2949676527","https://openalex.org/W2958608667","https://openalex.org/W2964520230","https://openalex.org/W2980025636","https://openalex.org/W3007031763","https://openalex.org/W3012522777","https://openalex.org/W3038806345","https://openalex.org/W3085380432","https://openalex.org/W3088931446","https://openalex.org/W3094316287","https://openalex.org/W3104030016","https://openalex.org/W3133735442","https://openalex.org/W3152275481","https://openalex.org/W3158742133","https://openalex.org/W3171486931","https://openalex.org/W3179669029","https://openalex.org/W3184336538","https://openalex.org/W3215281442","https://openalex.org/W4200322871","https://openalex.org/W4205705381","https://openalex.org/W4207012048","https://openalex.org/W4210721804","https://openalex.org/W4221150253","https://openalex.org/W4244895750","https://openalex.org/W4280521499","https://openalex.org/W4287887194","https://openalex.org/W4293057416","https://openalex.org/W4295313945","https://openalex.org/W4312035995","https://openalex.org/W4312599554","https://openalex.org/W4312619307","https://openalex.org/W4381744889","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6745609711","https://openalex.org/W6748281036","https://openalex.org/W6761665040","https://openalex.org/W6771621015","https://openalex.org/W6783213970","https://openalex.org/W6804889033"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030594396","https://openalex.org/W2754538212","https://openalex.org/W2490884653","https://openalex.org/W4200610016","https://openalex.org/W2183996497","https://openalex.org/W129587375","https://openalex.org/W2110363179","https://openalex.org/W2056250485","https://openalex.org/W2535098331","https://openalex.org/W4255366506"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"On":[0],"the":[1,4,11,29,97,106,112,128,142,146,174,182,208,225,260,267],"road":[2],"to":[3,13,35,53,95,130,148,239],"sixth":[5],"generation":[6],"of":[7,18,31,39,56,100,111,152,220,227,256],"cellular":[8],"networks":[9],"(6G),":[10],"need":[12],"ensure":[14],"a":[15,75,85,202,232,244],"sustainable":[16],"usage":[17],"natural":[19],"resources,":[20],"amid":[21],"increased":[22],"competition":[23],"and":[24,41,65,104,137,207,263],"cost":[25,264],"pressures,":[26],"has":[27],"driven":[28],"adoption":[30],"Self-Healing":[32],"Mobile":[33,268],"Networks":[34],"enhance":[36],"operational":[37],"efficiency":[38],"current":[40],"future":[42],"wireless":[43,124],"networks.":[44],"This":[45],"paradigm":[46],"shift":[47],"relies":[48],"on":[49,84,186,192,201],"Artificial":[50],"Intelligence":[51],"(AI)":[52],"increase":[54],"automation":[55],"network":[57,125,205,246],"functions,":[58],"notably":[59],"by":[60],"applying":[61],"predictive":[62,153],"fault":[63],"detection":[64],"automatic":[66],"root-cause":[67,194],"analysis.":[68],"In":[69,243],"this":[70,72,248],"context,":[71],"paper":[73],"proposes":[74],"Deep":[76],"Learning":[77],"(DL)":[78],"model":[79,115,144,198],"for":[80,123,132,259,266],"self-healing":[81],"operations":[82],"based":[83],"Spatial":[86],"Graph":[87],"Convolutional":[88],"Neural":[89],"Network":[90,269],"(SGCN),":[91],"which":[92,230],"is":[93,120],"applied":[94],"evaluate":[96],"performance":[98,216,228],"degradation":[99],"Base":[101],"Stations":[102],"(BSs)":[103],"uncover":[105],"underlying":[107],"root-causes.":[108],"The":[109,196],"advantages":[110],"proposed":[113,143,197],"DL":[114],"are":[116],"threefold.":[117],"Firstly,":[118],"it":[119,167],"especially":[121],"suited":[122],"applications,":[126],"leveraging":[127],"SGCN":[129],"account":[131],"spatial":[133],"dependencies":[134],"among":[135],"BSs":[136],"their":[138],"physical":[139],"characteristics.":[140],"Secondly,":[141],"offers":[145],"flexibility":[147],"process":[149],"diverse":[150],"types":[151],"features,":[154,176],"including":[155],"Performance":[156],"Management":[157,160],"(PM),":[158],"Fault":[159],"(FM),":[161],"or":[162],"other":[163],"data":[164],"types.":[165],"Thirdly,":[166],"incorporates":[168],"an":[169],"explainability":[170],"module":[171],"that":[172],"pinpoints":[173],"input":[175],"such":[177],"as":[178],"PM":[179],"counters,":[180],"with":[181],"most":[183],"significant":[184],"influence":[185],"BS":[187,215],"performance,":[188],"thereby":[189],"shedding":[190],"light":[191],"its":[193,211],"factors.":[195],"was":[199,222],"evaluated":[200],"live":[203,245],"4G":[204],"dataset":[206],"results":[209],"confirmed":[210],"effectiveness":[212],"in":[213,224,235,254],"identifying":[214],"degradation.":[217],"An":[218],"F1-score":[219],"89.6%":[221],"achieved":[223],"classification":[226],"failures,":[229],"includes":[231],"27%":[233],"reduction":[234,249],"false":[236],"negatives":[237],"compared":[238],"prior":[240],"research":[241],"outcomes.":[242],"environment,":[247],"translates":[250],"into":[251],"substantial":[252],"improvements":[253],"Quality":[255],"Experience":[257],"(QoE)":[258],"end":[261],"users":[262],"savings":[265],"Operators":[270],"(MNOs).":[271]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}