{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390872038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3354163","title":"Design and Optimization of High Performance P3HT: PCBM Polymer Solar Cell Using P3HT Buffer Layer","display_name":"Design and Optimization of High Performance P3HT: PCBM Polymer Solar Cell Using P3HT Buffer Layer","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390872038","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3354163"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3354163","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3354163","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10399779.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10399779.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101727174","display_name":"Aaqib M. Mir","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135388327","display_name":"University of Kashmir","ror":"https://ror.org/032xfst36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135388327"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aaqib M. Mir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and IT, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3504-6896","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and IT, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135388327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019352700","display_name":"Faisal Bashir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-2575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4626487","display_name":"King Faisal University","ror":"https://ror.org/00dn43547","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Faisal Bashir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2473-2575","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Engineering, College of Computer Science and Information Technology, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4626487"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008820426","display_name":"Farooq Ahmad Khanday","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-5703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135388327","display_name":"University of Kashmir","ror":"https://ror.org/032xfst36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135388327"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farooq Ahmad Khanday","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and IT, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2514-5703","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and IT, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135388327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046265572","display_name":"Furqan Zahoor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-6434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134085113","display_name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","ror":"https://ror.org/03yez3163","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Furqan Zahoor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0223-6434","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdisciplinary Research Center for Advanced Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134085113"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041803763","display_name":"Mehwish Hanif","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3303-929X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203899302","display_name":"Universiti Teknologi Petronas","ror":"https://ror.org/048g2sh07","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203899302"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27577105","display_name":"University College Cork","ror":"https://ror.org/03265fv13","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]}],"countries":["IE","MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehwish Hanif","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland","Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3303-929X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tyndall National Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27577105"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203899302"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076303922","display_name":"Zazilah May","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-7122"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I203899302","display_name":"Universiti Teknologi Petronas","ror":"https://ror.org/048g2sh07","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I203899302"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zazilah May","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3994-7122","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I203899302"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.5962,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89649164,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"10961","last_page":"10969"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10045","display_name":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10045","display_name":"Organic Electronics and Photovoltaics","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10660","display_name":"Conducting polymers and applications","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10611","display_name":"Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Research","score":0.9828000068664551,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.7567490339279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-conversion-efficiency","display_name":"Energy conversion efficiency","score":0.7077890634536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-solar-cell","display_name":"Organic solar cell","score":0.670923113822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluorene","display_name":"Fluorene","score":0.6333336234092712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.612084150314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/active-layer","display_name":"Active layer","score":0.6033210158348083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-circuit-voltage","display_name":"Open-circuit voltage","score":0.5800997614860535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-cell","display_name":"Solar cell","score":0.5784167647361755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/short-circuit","display_name":"Short circuit","score":0.5577448606491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.5568596720695496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-efficiency","display_name":"Quantum efficiency","score":0.5243366360664368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.48955902457237244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current-density","display_name":"Current density","score":0.4521680772304535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3046819567680359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer","display_name":"Polymer","score":0.2706264853477478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.19560247659683228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.17368611693382263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.09284970164299011}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.7567490339279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206991015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192704","display_name":"Energy conversion efficiency","level":2,"score":0.7077890634536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91614233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1472888","display_name":"Organic solar cell","level":3,"score":0.670923113822937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776211377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q417934","display_name":"Fluorene","level":3,"score":0.6333336234092712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.612084150314331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776026197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201890","display_name":"Active layer","level":4,"score":0.6033210158348083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57631264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812203","display_name":"Open-circuit voltage","level":3,"score":0.5800997614860535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780824857","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58803","display_name":"Solar cell","level":2,"score":0.5784167647361755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68583231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206907","display_name":"Short circuit","level":3,"score":0.5577448606491089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.5568596720695496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205507967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900625","display_name":"Quantum efficiency","level":2,"score":0.5243366360664368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.48955902457237244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207740977","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q234072","display_name":"Current density","level":2,"score":0.4521680772304535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3046819567680359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.2706264853477478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.19560247659683228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.17368611693382263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.09284970164299011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87359718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1271916","display_name":"Thin-film transistor","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3354163","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3354163","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10399779.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2405780d4a3d4a44b458132582ccb4c0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2405780d4a3d4a44b458132582ccb4c0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 10961-10969 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3354163","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3354163","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10399779.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5255626261","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"015LCO-327","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323380","funder_display_name":"Universiti Teknologi Petronas"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323380","display_name":"Universiti Teknologi Petronas","ror":"https://ror.org/048g2sh07"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329394","display_name":"Yayasan UTP","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390872038.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390872038.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982573474","https://openalex.org/W1984625085","https://openalex.org/W1985598248","https://openalex.org/W1985890332","https://openalex.org/W1996291528","https://openalex.org/W2006736200","https://openalex.org/W2010806290","https://openalex.org/W2015240500","https://openalex.org/W2040669916","https://openalex.org/W2055545077","https://openalex.org/W2066384548","https://openalex.org/W2071134066","https://openalex.org/W2090405333","https://openalex.org/W2127051657","https://openalex.org/W2401874979","https://openalex.org/W2739375690","https://openalex.org/W2884710746","https://openalex.org/W2893680554","https://openalex.org/W2899914340","https://openalex.org/W2923535154","https://openalex.org/W2952622929","https://openalex.org/W2964838948","https://openalex.org/W2965109696","https://openalex.org/W2990887450","https://openalex.org/W2999590263","https://openalex.org/W3006163403","https://openalex.org/W3081792180","https://openalex.org/W3153798703","https://openalex.org/W3185714944","https://openalex.org/W3202724684","https://openalex.org/W4283035106","https://openalex.org/W4385686152"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2766440264","https://openalex.org/W4387171078","https://openalex.org/W2771442405","https://openalex.org/W2982458196","https://openalex.org/W3127550926","https://openalex.org/W2921844038","https://openalex.org/W4285815487","https://openalex.org/W2789240995","https://openalex.org/W74906075","https://openalex.org/W2051213182"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,143],"novel":[4],"structure":[5],"of":[6,18,76,82,112,123,145],"multilayer":[7],"organic":[8,139],"photovoltaic":[9],"cell":[10,40,91],"has":[11,41,92,99,103],"been":[12,93,100,104],"designed":[13],"and":[14,23,85,95,127,133],"simulated.":[15],"The":[16,46],"integration":[17],"Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)":[19],"(P3HT)":[20],"buffer":[21],"layer":[22,34,78],"Poly(9,9-bis(3\u2019-(N,N-dimethyl)":[24],"N-":[25],"ethylammoinium":[26],"propyl-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9":[27],"dioctyl":[28],"fluorene))":[29],"dibromide":[30],"(PFN:BR)":[31],"electron":[32],"transport":[33],"(ETL)":[35],"in":[36,129,150],"the":[37,43,74,80,88,96,109,113,116,137,151],"proposed":[38,89,114,152],"solar":[39,90,140],"improved":[42,71],"performance":[44,48,117],"significantly.":[45,72],"various":[47],"measuring":[49,118],"parameters":[50,111,119],"like":[51],"power":[52],"conversion":[53],"efficiency":[54,68],"(PCE),":[55],"short":[56],"circuit":[57,61],"current":[58],"(Jsc),":[59],"open":[60],"voltage":[62],"(Voc),":[63],"fill":[64],"factor":[65],"(FF),":[66],"quantum":[67],"(QE)":[69],"have":[70],"Furthermore,":[73],"effect":[75],"different":[77,110],"thickness,":[79],"density":[81],"traps":[83],"Nt":[84],"temperature":[86],"on":[87],"studied":[94],"optimum":[97],"value":[98],"obtained.":[101],"It":[102],"observed":[105],"that":[106],"after":[107],"optimizing":[108],"structure,":[115],"shows":[120],"an":[121],"improvement":[122],"14%,":[124],"33.3%,":[125],"200%":[126],"300%":[128],"Voc":[130],"FF,":[131],"Jsc":[132],"PCE":[134],"respectively":[135],"over":[136],"reported":[138],"cells.":[141],"Further,":[142],"QE":[144],"about":[146],"90%":[147],"is":[148],"achieved":[149],"structure.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
