{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390824341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3353463","title":"M2ECG: Wearable Mechanocardiograms to Electrocardiogram Estimation Using Deep Learning","display_name":"M2ECG: Wearable Mechanocardiograms to Electrocardiogram Estimation Using Deep Learning","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390824341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3353463"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3353463","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3353463","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10398172.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10398172.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042671471","display_name":"Malisha Islam Tapotee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3427-5489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205746353","display_name":"University of Dhaka","ror":"https://ror.org/05wv2vq37","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205746353"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Malisha Islam Tapotee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205746353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072190000","display_name":"Purnata Saha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205746353","display_name":"University of Dhaka","ror":"https://ror.org/05wv2vq37","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205746353"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Purnata Saha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205746353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028434107","display_name":"Sakib Mahmud","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4599-2192"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sakib Mahmud","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080131741","display_name":"Abdulrahman Alqahtani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6658-3240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142608572","display_name":"Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195631090","display_name":"Majmaah University","ror":"https://ror.org/01mcrnj60","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulrahman Alqahtani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia","Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia","Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied, Medical Science, Majmaah University, Majmaah City, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied, Medical Science, Majmaah University, Majmaah City, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195631090"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064486960","display_name":"Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0744-8206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I60342839","display_name":"Qatar University","ror":"https://ror.org/00yhnba62","country_code":"QA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}],"countries":["QA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I60342839"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042671471"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205746353"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.355,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87704396,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"12963","last_page":"12975"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13248","display_name":"Healthcare Technology and Patient Monitoring","score":0.989300012588501,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11700","display_name":"Hemodynamic Monitoring and Therapy","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.5877910852432251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.5607438683509827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.555868923664093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.5291885733604431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.47069621086120605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrocardiography","display_name":"Electrocardiography","score":0.44311583042144775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3993835747241974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiology","display_name":"Cardiology","score":0.2917974889278412}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.5877910852432251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.5607438683509827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.555868923664093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.5291885733604431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.47069621086120605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780040984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79785","display_name":"Electrocardiography","level":2,"score":0.44311583042144775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3993835747241974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.2917974889278412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3353463","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3353463","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10398172.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:21737aeced0a495aa25a66633a5fb9da","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/21737aeced0a495aa25a66633a5fb9da","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 12963-12975 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:figshare.com:article/29445674","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196282","display_name":"Figshare","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210132348","host_organization_name":"Figshare (United Kingdom)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132348"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal contribution"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3353463","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3353463","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10398172.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G162713154","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PSAU/2023/R/144","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311227","funder_display_name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2246833281","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PSAU/2023/R/1444","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311227","funder_display_name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3338858046","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PSAU/","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311227","funder_display_name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311227","display_name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334468","display_name":"Qatar National Library","ror":"https://ror.org/02jv93662"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390824341.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390824341.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4448866","https://openalex.org/W6908809","https://openalex.org/W609496224","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1569781326","https://openalex.org/W1574447377","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1966096558","https://openalex.org/W1975997711","https://openalex.org/W1991840907","https://openalex.org/W2000986272","https://openalex.org/W2002204695","https://openalex.org/W2026699230","https://openalex.org/W2039240409","https://openalex.org/W2074820813","https://openalex.org/W2092405569","https://openalex.org/W2092981915","https://openalex.org/W2093805119","https://openalex.org/W2094437655","https://openalex.org/W2098816250","https://openalex.org/W2102148524","https://openalex.org/W2127510558","https://openalex.org/W2133589238","https://openalex.org/W2138608061","https://openalex.org/W2147380014","https://openalex.org/W2154731305","https://openalex.org/W2156387998","https://openalex.org/W2160208155","https://openalex.org/W2314006701","https://openalex.org/W2397572385","https://openalex.org/W2530643226","https://openalex.org/W2538877285","https://openalex.org/W2547967882","https://openalex.org/W2605145111","https://openalex.org/W2607576484","https://openalex.org/W2736364367","https://openalex.org/W2759190050","https://openalex.org/W2765330780","https://openalex.org/W2766164908","https://openalex.org/W2808531744","https://openalex.org/W2896658042","https://openalex.org/W2896674935","https://openalex.org/W2903557836","https://openalex.org/W2910678199","https://openalex.org/W2911906141","https://openalex.org/W2917146357","https://openalex.org/W2924475457","https://openalex.org/W2963608065","https://openalex.org/W2967051820","https://openalex.org/W2968917279","https://openalex.org/W2996307788","https://openalex.org/W2998909884","https://openalex.org/W3048926877","https://openalex.org/W3089079408","https://openalex.org/W3093156908","https://openalex.org/W3161081823","https://openalex.org/W3161718150","https://openalex.org/W3170581063","https://openalex.org/W3211191383","https://openalex.org/W3213530928","https://openalex.org/W4205246932","https://openalex.org/W4205682485","https://openalex.org/W4210305333","https://openalex.org/W4210587622","https://openalex.org/W4210805031","https://openalex.org/W4210920444","https://openalex.org/W4213232147","https://openalex.org/W4281886189","https://openalex.org/W4295564702","https://openalex.org/W4295745541","https://openalex.org/W4297176686","https://openalex.org/W4309119158","https://openalex.org/W4312106366","https://openalex.org/W4320920863","https://openalex.org/W4361223347","https://openalex.org/W4367319891","https://openalex.org/W4377981772","https://openalex.org/W4378515050","https://openalex.org/W6600284362","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6676466897","https://openalex.org/W6745410505","https://openalex.org/W6767164110","https://openalex.org/W6767185500","https://openalex.org/W6925999814"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2765080098","https://openalex.org/W2385749422","https://openalex.org/W2009888974","https://openalex.org/W2355290145","https://openalex.org/W2353465659","https://openalex.org/W3023105672","https://openalex.org/W2355539379","https://openalex.org/W2992410632","https://openalex.org/W2768717251","https://openalex.org/W2025756212"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chest":[0],"surface":[1],"vibrations":[2],"induced":[3],"by":[4,168],"cardiac":[5,50,67,126,266,283],"activities":[6],"can":[7,60,83,140],"provide":[8],"valuable":[9],"insights":[10],"into":[11],"various":[12],"heart":[13,117,203],"conditions.":[14],"Seismocardiogram":[15],"(SCG)":[16],"and":[17,27,33,58,73,128,139,239,245,253],"Gyrocardiogram":[18],"(GCG)":[19],"signals,":[20],"collectively":[21],"referred":[22],"to":[23,39,45,65,96,135,175,210,215],"as":[24,41,90],"Mechanocardiograms":[25],"(MCG)":[26],"collected":[28],"using":[29],"a":[30,122,155,194],"chest-mounted":[31],"accelerometer":[32],"gyroscope,":[34],"respectively,":[35],"have":[36,132],"the":[37,113,133,163,176,180,201,207,211,226,237,243,246,257,271],"potential":[38,134,277],"serve":[40],"an":[42,169,185],"effective":[43],"alternative":[44],"Electrocardiograms":[46],"(ECG)":[47],"for":[48,116,121,158,256,279],"continuous":[49,280],"monitoring.":[51],"In":[52,149],"many":[53],"cases,":[54],"both":[55,70],"modalities":[56],"(MCG":[57],"ECG)":[59],"be":[61,84],"used":[62],"in":[63,69,86,146,265],"tandem":[64],"monitor":[66],"functions":[68],"healthy":[71],"subjects":[72],"Intensive":[74],"Care":[75],"Unit":[76,172],"(ICU)":[77],"patients.":[78,284],"Direct":[79],"acquisition":[80,144],"of":[81,125,191,236,273,282],"ECGs":[82,138,209,214,249],"challenging":[85],"certain":[87],"scenarios,":[88],"such":[89,147],"with":[91,98],"wearable":[92],"devices,":[93],"or":[94,105],"due":[95],"issues":[97],"disconnections":[99],"arising":[100],"from":[101,162,206,242],"loose":[102],"contact":[103],"surfaces":[104],"gel":[106],"corrosion":[107],"during":[108],"long-term":[109],"usage.":[110],"ECG":[111,143,160],"considered":[112],"gold":[114],"standard":[115],"monitoring,":[118],"is":[119],"essential":[120],"comprehensive":[123],"assessment":[124],"parameters":[127,267],"patient":[129],"health.":[130],"MCGs":[131],"reliably":[136],"estimate":[137],"replace":[141],"direct":[142],"procedures":[145],"cases.":[148],"this":[150],"study,":[151],"we":[152,183],"introduce":[153],"M2ECG,":[154],"1D-segmentation-based":[156],"approach":[157],"translating":[159],"signals":[161,166],"corresponding":[164],"MCG":[165],"acquired":[167],"Inertial":[170],"Measurement":[171],"(IMU)":[173],"attached":[174],"chest":[177],"wall.":[178],"Using":[179],"proposed":[181],"SA-UNet,":[182],"achieved":[184,224],"average":[186],"Pearson":[187],"Correlation":[188],"Coefficient":[189],"(PCC)":[190],"81.76%":[192],"on":[193,225],"subject-independent":[195,227],"test":[196,228,259],"set.":[197],"We":[198],"also":[199],"compared":[200],"estimated":[202],"rates":[204],"(HR)":[205],"reconstructed":[208],"ground":[212,247],"truth":[213,248],"validate":[216],"our":[217],"model\u2019s":[218],"performance.":[219],"The":[220,233,261],"overall":[221],"HR":[222,238],"correlation":[223,235,263],"set":[229],"was":[230],"around":[231,251],"94.167%.":[232],"highest":[234],"HRV":[240],"calculated":[241],"translated":[244],"were":[250],"99.073%":[252],"96.289%,":[254],"respectively":[255],"best":[258],"case.":[260],"strong":[262],"observed":[264],"(HR,":[268],"HRV)":[269],"underscores":[270],"effectiveness":[272],"MCG,":[274],"suggesting":[275],"its":[276],"use":[278],"monitoring":[281]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}