{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390761511","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3351759","title":"Microstructure and Microhardness of Conical-Shaped W-Cu Composites Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering and Subsequent Spinning Process","display_name":"Microstructure and Microhardness of Conical-Shaped W-Cu Composites Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering and Subsequent Spinning Process","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390761511","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3351759"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3351759","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3351759","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10385057.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10385057.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104008584","display_name":"Nguyen Minh Tuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70349855","display_name":"Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02wsd5p50","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nguyen Minh Tuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","Institute of Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Nguyen Van Toan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7801-5155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70349855","display_name":"Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02wsd5p50","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nguyen Van Toan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7801-5155","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014838583","display_name":"Luong Van Duong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7801-5155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70349855","display_name":"Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02wsd5p50","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luong Van Duong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093677006","display_name":"Vu Thang Long","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vu Thang Long","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100829962","display_name":"Tran Bao Trung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5263-4097"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70349855","display_name":"Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02wsd5p50","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tran Bao Trung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042842270","display_name":"Pham Van Trinh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7905-3647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70349855","display_name":"Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02wsd5p50","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pham Van Trinh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7905-3647","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Graduate University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029271614","display_name":"\u0110o\u00e0n \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5544-1848"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I70349855","display_name":"Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02wsd5p50","country_code":"VN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}],"countries":["VN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Doan Dinh Phuong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Str, Cau Giay Distr, Hanoi, Vietnam","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I70349855"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3729,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50955612,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"7853","last_page":"7863"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12099","display_name":"Advanced materials and composites","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12099","display_name":"Advanced materials and composites","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10377","display_name":"Metal and Thin Film Mechanics","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2211","display_name":"Mechanics of Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10592","display_name":"Fusion materials and technologies","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.8835822343826294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructure","display_name":"Microstructure","score":0.8694344758987427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spark-plasma-sintering","display_name":"Spark plasma sintering","score":0.8643718361854553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indentation-hardness","display_name":"Indentation hardness","score":0.8297558426856995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-number","display_name":"Composite number","score":0.7407383322715759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.7281872630119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spinning","display_name":"Spinning","score":0.6348347663879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sintering","display_name":"Sintering","score":0.5013244152069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conical-surface","display_name":"Conical surface","score":0.43600353598594666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relative-density","display_name":"Relative density","score":0.4150882363319397}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8835822343826294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.8694344758987427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776014600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2307265","display_name":"Spark plasma sintering","level":3,"score":0.8643718361854553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165720898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3150000","display_name":"Indentation hardness","level":3,"score":0.8297558426856995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.7407383322715759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.7281872630119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154815118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q453762","display_name":"Spinning","level":2,"score":0.6348347663879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777581544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844613","display_name":"Sintering","level":2,"score":0.5013244152069092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124961601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518149","display_name":"Conical surface","level":2,"score":0.43600353598594666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82455628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11027905","display_name":"Relative density","level":3,"score":0.4150882363319397}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3351759","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3351759","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10385057.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a99b60217ba045378814142d0b7ae16a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a99b60217ba045378814142d0b7ae16a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 7853-7863 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3351759","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3351759","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10385057.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390761511.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390761511.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972903515","https://openalex.org/W1981934025","https://openalex.org/W1983378088","https://openalex.org/W1999437895","https://openalex.org/W2023188004","https://openalex.org/W2028944065","https://openalex.org/W2035951737","https://openalex.org/W2045422999","https://openalex.org/W2047768418","https://openalex.org/W2049270331","https://openalex.org/W2052322191","https://openalex.org/W2065629038","https://openalex.org/W2069204067","https://openalex.org/W2069291254","https://openalex.org/W2075382214","https://openalex.org/W2083621939","https://openalex.org/W2092345223","https://openalex.org/W2132673394","https://openalex.org/W2196676804","https://openalex.org/W2254675544","https://openalex.org/W2548682457","https://openalex.org/W2746546763","https://openalex.org/W2789832400","https://openalex.org/W2793805248","https://openalex.org/W2805595033","https://openalex.org/W2810205096","https://openalex.org/W2914879808","https://openalex.org/W2915096024","https://openalex.org/W2942647969","https://openalex.org/W2984349475","https://openalex.org/W2995902311","https://openalex.org/W3039628755","https://openalex.org/W3047013406","https://openalex.org/W4205990746","https://openalex.org/W4210321320","https://openalex.org/W4224115066","https://openalex.org/W4225125210","https://openalex.org/W4310012376"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365507309","https://openalex.org/W1501633259","https://openalex.org/W2009453507","https://openalex.org/W3025728734","https://openalex.org/W2064747089","https://openalex.org/W2742902818","https://openalex.org/W1010533511","https://openalex.org/W2028020382","https://openalex.org/W2971584058","https://openalex.org/W2075483237"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"study,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"some":[5],"results":[6,30],"on":[7,126],"the":[8,17,20,33,49,53,66,74,77,80,87,97,102,105,110,114,117,122,127,130,139,144,152,155,163,166],"preparation":[9],"of":[10,19,48,65,76,104,116,121,129,143],"a":[11,137],"conical-shaped":[12,123],"W-Cu":[13,50,124,192],"composite":[14,41,51,67,78,125],"by":[15,69],"using":[16],"combination":[18],"spark":[21],"plasma":[22],"sintering":[23],"and":[24,38,101,119,141,172,186,198],"subsequent":[25],"spinning":[26,54,81,111],"process.":[27,112],"The":[28,45,178],"experimental":[29],"demonstrated":[31],"that":[32,64],"full":[34],"density,":[35],"fine":[36],"grain":[37,98],"high":[39],"hardness":[40],"could":[42,159],"be":[43,160,183],"obtained.":[44],"relative":[46],"density":[47,107],"after":[52,79,90],"process":[55,82],"increased":[56],"up":[57],"to":[58,86,96,154,162,182,189],"99.8%":[59],"which":[60],"is":[61,83],"higher":[62],"than":[63],"prepared":[68],"SPS":[70,91],"processing":[71],"(98.8%).":[72],"Similarly,":[73],"microhardness":[75,120,142],"improved":[84],"compared":[85],"sample":[88],"obtained":[89],"processing.":[92],"This":[93,158],"was":[94,132],"attributed":[95,161],"size":[99],"refinement":[100],"increase":[103],"dislocation":[106],"generated":[108],"during":[109],"Besides,":[113],"dependence":[115],"microstructure":[118,140],"positions":[128],"cone":[131,145],"investigated":[133],"in":[134,165,200],"detail.":[135],"As":[136],"result,":[138],"were":[146],"altered":[147],"at":[148,175],"various":[149],"locations":[150],"from":[151],"inside":[153],"outside":[156],"walls.":[157],"difference":[164],"interface":[167],"bond":[168],"strength":[169],"between":[170],"W":[171],"Cu":[173],"matrix":[174],"different":[176],"positions.":[177],"current":[179],"work":[180],"promises":[181],"an":[184],"innovative":[185],"encouraging":[187],"approach":[188],"producing":[190],"high-performance":[191],"composites":[193],"for":[194],"possible":[195],"industrial":[196],"applications":[197],"specially":[199],"shaped":[201],"charge":[202],"liners.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}