{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390731392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3351668","title":"OTONet: Deep Neural Network for Precise Otoscopy Image Classification","display_name":"OTONet: Deep Neural Network for Precise Otoscopy Image Classification","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390731392","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3351668"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3351668","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3351668","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10384880.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10384880.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017795060","display_name":"Divya Rao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8370-4959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Divya Rao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065140454","display_name":"Rohit Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4613-8879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76414455","display_name":"Kasturba Medical College, Manipal","ror":"https://ror.org/05hg48t65","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460","https://openalex.org/I76414455"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rohit Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460","https://openalex.org/I76414455"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103126440","display_name":"Sudiksha Kottachery Kamath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5399-9575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudiksha Kottachery Kamath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098533323","display_name":"Sanjeev Kushal Pendekanti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4235-9967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjeev Kushal Pendekanti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013113828","display_name":"Divya Pai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1555-1166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Divya Pai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal -, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal -, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059908108","display_name":"Sucheta V. Kolekar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2642-6088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sucheta V. Kolekar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089085195","display_name":"M. Raviraja Holla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1627-552X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Raviraja Holla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015384662","display_name":"Sameena Pathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9867-4382"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I164861460","display_name":"Manipal Academy of Higher Education","ror":"https://ror.org/02xzytt36","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sameena Pathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Technology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017795060"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I164861460"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":8.1251,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98054739,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"7734","last_page":"7746"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10861","display_name":"Ear Surgery and Otitis Media","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2733","display_name":"Otorhinolaryngology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10861","display_name":"Ear Surgery and Otitis Media","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2733","display_name":"Otorhinolaryngology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11812","display_name":"Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11866","display_name":"Reconstructive Facial Surgery Techniques","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6977358460426331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5960715413093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5864157676696777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5175963640213013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4851451814174652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.48077768087387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.46643924713134766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eardrum","display_name":"Eardrum","score":0.4515296220779419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4169403910636902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.41579416394233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.37067532539367676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3295242488384247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.19722530245780945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiology","display_name":"Radiology","score":0.08922260999679565}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6977358460426331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5960715413093567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5864157676696777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5175963640213013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4851451814174652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.48077768087387085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.46643924713134766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781404453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173801","display_name":"Eardrum","level":2,"score":0.4515296220779419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4169403910636902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.41579416394233704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.37067532539367676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3295242488384247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.19722530245780945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.08922260999679565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3351668","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3351668","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10384880.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:12fc5a6c99e848babb5855dd4199fdf6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/12fc5a6c99e848babb5855dd4199fdf6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 7734-7746 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2024.3351668","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3351668","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10384880.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390731392.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390731392.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054153752","https://openalex.org/W2083314180","https://openalex.org/W2606404574","https://openalex.org/W2623179640","https://openalex.org/W2884585870","https://openalex.org/W2886956694","https://openalex.org/W2898260903","https://openalex.org/W2908138668","https://openalex.org/W2912877146","https://openalex.org/W2955214356","https://openalex.org/W2969695741","https://openalex.org/W2988396473","https://openalex.org/W2991433237","https://openalex.org/W2998072408","https://openalex.org/W3004766715","https://openalex.org/W3014706714","https://openalex.org/W3090145439","https://openalex.org/W3105220622","https://openalex.org/W3117157511","https://openalex.org/W3123615524","https://openalex.org/W3123949225","https://openalex.org/W3130613657","https://openalex.org/W3163931822","https://openalex.org/W3189999961","https://openalex.org/W3211888148","https://openalex.org/W3216623900","https://openalex.org/W4206176813","https://openalex.org/W4220727891","https://openalex.org/W4220817894","https://openalex.org/W4224240475","https://openalex.org/W4226427874","https://openalex.org/W4226502125","https://openalex.org/W4312075150","https://openalex.org/W4312375491","https://openalex.org/W6767498107","https://openalex.org/W6782310636","https://openalex.org/W6789317445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2952813363","https://openalex.org/W4378678253","https://openalex.org/W2911497689","https://openalex.org/W4360783045","https://openalex.org/W2770149305","https://openalex.org/W2972076240","https://openalex.org/W3167930666","https://openalex.org/W3014952856","https://openalex.org/W2964843961","https://openalex.org/W3010730661"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Otoscopy":[0],"is":[1,82],"a":[2,42,58,99,106],"diagnostic":[3,151],"procedure":[4],"to":[5,65,84,149],"visualize":[6],"the":[7,14,89],"external":[8],"ear":[9,18,121],"canal":[10],"and":[11,20,35,57,62,69,87,91,111,140,158],"eardrum,":[12],"facilitating":[13],"detection":[15],"of":[16,60,74,109,115,120],"various":[17,77,143],"pathologies":[19],"conditions.":[21,79,122],"Timely":[22],"otoscopy":[23,49,96,101],"image":[24,50],"classification":[25,71,107],"offers":[26],"significant":[27],"advantages,":[28],"including":[29,135],"early":[30],"detection,":[31],"reduced":[32,153],"patient":[33],"anxiety,":[34],"personalized":[36],"treatment":[37],"plans.":[38],"This":[39,80],"paper":[40],"introduces":[41],"novel":[43],"OTONet":[44,103,128],"framework":[45],"specifically":[46],"tailored":[47],"for":[48,161],"classification.":[51],"It":[52],"leverages":[53],"octave":[54],"3D":[55],"convolution":[56],"combination":[59],"feature":[61,92],"region-focus":[63],"modules":[64],"create":[66],"an":[67,112],"accurate":[68],"robust":[70],"system":[72],"capable":[73],"distinguishing":[75],"between":[76],"otoscopic":[78],"architecture":[81],"designed":[83],"efficiently":[85],"capture":[86],"process":[88],"spatial":[90],"information":[93],"present":[94],"in":[95],"images.":[97],"Using":[98],"public":[100],"dataset,":[102],"has":[104],"reached":[105],"accuracy":[108,152],"99.3%":[110],"F1":[113],"score":[114],"99.4%":[116],"across":[117,142],"11":[118],"classes":[119],"A":[123],"comparative":[124],"analysis":[125],"demonstrates":[126],"that":[127],"surpasses":[129],"other":[130],"established":[131],"machine":[132],"learning":[133],"models,":[134],"ResNet50,":[136],"ResNet50v2,":[137],"VGG16,":[138],"Dense-Net169,":[139],"ConvNeXtTiny,":[141],"evaluation":[144],"metrics.":[145],"The":[146],"research\u2019s":[147],"contribution":[148],"improved":[150],"human":[154],"error,":[155],"expedited":[156],"diagnostics,":[157],"its":[159],"potential":[160],"telemedicine":[162],"applications.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
