{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390480881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3349031","title":"Submarine Acoustic Target Strength Modeling at High-Frequency Asymptotic Scattering","display_name":"Submarine Acoustic Target Strength Modeling at High-Frequency Asymptotic Scattering","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390480881","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3349031"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3349031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3349031","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10379090.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10379090.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033050933","display_name":"Sathish Kumar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sathish Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India","School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108905871","display_name":"Ravikumar Chinthaginjala","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ravikumar Chinthaginjala","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India","School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010407596","display_name":"A. Rajesh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3546-764X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I932239252","display_name":"SASTRA University","ror":"https://ror.org/032jk8892","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I932239252"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rajesh Anbazhagan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I932239252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039127314","display_name":"Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I315205436","display_name":"Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03ffvb852","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315205436"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Omollo Nyangaresi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, Bondo, Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I315205436"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088652333","display_name":"Giovanni Pau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5798-398X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I246010334","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Enna Kore","ror":"https://ror.org/04vd28p53","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I246010334"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Pau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I246010334"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057482099","display_name":"P. Srinivasa Varma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I875944469","display_name":"Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02k949197","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P. Srinivasa Varma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of EEE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of EEE, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I875944469"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033050933"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":10.0033,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9885674,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"4859","last_page":"4870"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/submarine","display_name":"Submarine","score":0.677696943283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.5499177575111389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/target-strength","display_name":"Target strength","score":0.5499097108840942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.5452847480773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4043193459510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2462829351425171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marine-engineering","display_name":"Marine engineering","score":0.23327234387397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2010127604007721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.15484121441841125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121327165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2811","display_name":"Submarine","level":2,"score":0.677696943283081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.5499177575111389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776479727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7685907","display_name":"Target strength","level":3,"score":0.5499097108840942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.5452847480773926},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4043193459510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2462829351425171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.23327234387397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2010127604007721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.15484121441841125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909208804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127282","display_name":"Fish <Actinopterygii>","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3349031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3349031","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10379090.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a6b240d532af4921a1d5b535824ebde2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a6b240d532af4921a1d5b535824ebde2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 4859-4870 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3349031","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3349031","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10379090.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390480881.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390480881.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1604225584","https://openalex.org/W2001268904","https://openalex.org/W2008400606","https://openalex.org/W2038023485","https://openalex.org/W2096340349","https://openalex.org/W2103600990","https://openalex.org/W2137814624","https://openalex.org/W2194695050","https://openalex.org/W2263128276","https://openalex.org/W2276974845","https://openalex.org/W2383449848","https://openalex.org/W2398483669","https://openalex.org/W2549315536","https://openalex.org/W2555694651","https://openalex.org/W2613649191","https://openalex.org/W2765735873","https://openalex.org/W2907775212","https://openalex.org/W2922067841","https://openalex.org/W4291470730","https://openalex.org/W4292980865","https://openalex.org/W4297910223","https://openalex.org/W4303183652","https://openalex.org/W4303945816","https://openalex.org/W4308627730","https://openalex.org/W4311102268","https://openalex.org/W4313272745","https://openalex.org/W4315628302","https://openalex.org/W4318035455","https://openalex.org/W4323568662","https://openalex.org/W4377104129","https://openalex.org/W4378529169","https://openalex.org/W4382877379","https://openalex.org/W4385663705","https://openalex.org/W4386456347","https://openalex.org/W4386864162","https://openalex.org/W4387072789","https://openalex.org/W6611194430"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2349909505","https://openalex.org/W2357608514","https://openalex.org/W2349590521","https://openalex.org/W2094439432","https://openalex.org/W162032370","https://openalex.org/W2036950818","https://openalex.org/W2482184770"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,26,84,98,143],"ability":[1],"to":[2,46,94],"identify":[3],"asymptotic":[4],"scattering":[5],"is":[6,24,92],"critical":[7],"for":[8],"the":[9,17,70,105,113,117,146,151,155,168],"continuous":[10],"operation":[11,134],"of":[12,63,73,88,104,116,148,154],"modern":[13],"combat":[14],"systems.":[15],"In":[16],"active":[18],"sonar":[19,64,90],"equation,":[20],"acoustic":[21,137,170],"target":[22,29,91,138],"strength":[23,30,139],"crucial.":[25],"plane-wave":[27],"propagation":[28],"equation":[31],"predicts":[32],"far-field":[33],"reradiated":[34],"intensity.":[35],"Submarines":[36],"defend":[37],"themselves":[38],"by":[39],"being":[40],"invisible.":[41],"Sonar":[42],"can":[43],"be":[44],"used":[45,93],"detect":[47],"submarines.":[48],"Saltwater":[49],"readily":[50],"absorbs":[51],"radio":[52],"waves.":[53],"Commercial":[54],"fishing":[55],"and":[56,111,133,157,173],"scientific":[57],"ocean":[58,74],"exploration":[59],"both":[60],"make":[61],"use":[62],"technology.":[65],"Acoustic":[66],"wave":[67],"reflection":[68],"reduces":[69],"area":[71],"requirements":[72],"depth":[75],"sections,":[76],"therefore":[77],"submarine":[78,156],"designers":[79],"take":[80],"this":[81],"into":[82,167],"consideration.":[83],"Target":[85,119],"Strength":[86,121],"(TS)":[87],"a":[89],"assess":[95],"its":[96],"size.":[97],"Pressure":[99],"Acoustic-Boundary":[100],"Element":[101],"Model":[102,108],"(PA-BEM)":[103],"High-Frequency":[106],"Boundary":[107],"(HFB)":[109],"illuminates":[110],"simplifies":[112],"TS":[114],"analysis":[115],"Benchmark":[118],"Echo":[120],"Simulation":[122],"(BeTTSi)":[123],"benchmark":[124],"submarine.":[125],"We":[126],"explore":[127],"how":[128],"subsea":[129],"shape,":[130],"material":[131],"qualities,":[132],"frequency":[135],"affect":[136],"using":[140],"comprehensive":[141],"models.":[142],"findings":[144],"underline":[145],"need":[147],"correctly":[149],"characterising":[150],"structural":[152],"sections":[153],"their":[158],"impact":[159],"on":[160],"dispersion.":[161],"They":[162],"also":[163],"help":[164],"with":[165],"research":[166],"submarine\u2019s":[169],"signature,":[171],"detectability,":[172],"potential":[174],"detection":[175],"mitigation":[176],"measures.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}