{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4390241187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3347652","title":"Machine Learning-Based Fuzz Testing Techniques: A Survey","display_name":"Machine Learning-Based Fuzz Testing Techniques: A Survey","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-12-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4390241187","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3347652"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3347652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3347652","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10374347.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10374347.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035743359","display_name":"Ao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8518-9010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132369690","display_name":"Tianjin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018rbtf37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China","College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P.R.China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8518-9010","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100741029","display_name":"Yiying Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-1257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132369690","display_name":"Tianjin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018rbtf37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China","College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P.R.China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2131-1257","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056941056","display_name":"Yao Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9112-6865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132369690","display_name":"Tianjin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018rbtf37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China","College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P.R.China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9112-6865","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033574672","display_name":"Cong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1115-8607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132369690","display_name":"Tianjin University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/018rbtf37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China","College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P.R.China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1115-8607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Artificial Intelligence, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, P.R.China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132369690"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100733086","display_name":"Siwei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1593-6317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17442442","display_name":"State Grid Corporation of China (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05twwhs70","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siwei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Grid Information and Telecommunication Company Ltd., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Information and Telecommunication Company Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17442442"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.3244,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93614458,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"14437","last_page":"14454"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzz-testing","display_name":"Fuzz testing","score":0.9942342638969421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8039067983627319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.7464228868484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6050878167152405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-coverage","display_name":"Code coverage","score":0.49299880862236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.47760912775993347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preprocessor","display_name":"Preprocessor","score":0.44004812836647034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4358021020889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workflow","display_name":"Workflow","score":0.4301733076572418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3216383457183838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.28525489568710327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.11500918865203857}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111065885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189053","display_name":"Fuzz testing","level":3,"score":0.9942342638969421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8039067983627319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.7464228868484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6050878167152405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53942775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1211721","display_name":"Code coverage","level":3,"score":0.49299880862236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.47760912775993347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34736171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918333","display_name":"Preprocessor","level":2,"score":0.44004812836647034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4358021020889282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.4301733076572418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3216383457183838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.28525489568710327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.11500918865203857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3347652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3347652","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10374347.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:20e0962fb70e4bdcb46167cfd8bb9617","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/20e0962fb70e4bdcb46167cfd8bb9617","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 12, Pp 14437-14454 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3347652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3347652","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10374347.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390241187.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4390241187.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1546956568","https://openalex.org/W1884983968","https://openalex.org/W2002934700","https://openalex.org/W2399941526","https://openalex.org/W2515236103","https://openalex.org/W2583649498","https://openalex.org/W2624149531","https://openalex.org/W2769748476","https://openalex.org/W2795283266","https://openalex.org/W2883395840","https://openalex.org/W2904932877","https://openalex.org/W2923724895","https://openalex.org/W2940243450","https://openalex.org/W2950911860","https://openalex.org/W2955314308","https://openalex.org/W2963064278","https://openalex.org/W2964097210","https://openalex.org/W2974819274","https://openalex.org/W2984976544","https://openalex.org/W3015384571","https://openalex.org/W3023287501","https://openalex.org/W3083665950","https://openalex.org/W3087102429","https://openalex.org/W3131610804","https://openalex.org/W3154106427","https://openalex.org/W3160978791","https://openalex.org/W3173451821","https://openalex.org/W3195830410","https://openalex.org/W3203826058","https://openalex.org/W3213468892","https://openalex.org/W3216501489","https://openalex.org/W4213076998","https://openalex.org/W4213154503","https://openalex.org/W4221162498","https://openalex.org/W4280619898","https://openalex.org/W4284708930","https://openalex.org/W4285356139","https://openalex.org/W4285606045","https://openalex.org/W4287850311","https://openalex.org/W4289282293","https://openalex.org/W4294659034","https://openalex.org/W4307047733","https://openalex.org/W4307205415","https://openalex.org/W4353094058","https://openalex.org/W4384345780","https://openalex.org/W6745987728","https://openalex.org/W6753913213","https://openalex.org/W6756774922","https://openalex.org/W6765105378","https://openalex.org/W6773001491","https://openalex.org/W6782749955","https://openalex.org/W6802382876","https://openalex.org/W7038524979"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313066017","https://openalex.org/W4283736421","https://openalex.org/W2297949281","https://openalex.org/W4381785649","https://openalex.org/W1964740600","https://openalex.org/W2884946294","https://openalex.org/W3091033583","https://openalex.org/W2991920445","https://openalex.org/W2914996832","https://openalex.org/W4391308284"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fuzz":[0],"testing":[1],"is":[2],"a":[3,60,77],"vulnerability":[4,174],"discovery":[5],"technique":[6],"that":[7],"tests":[8],"the":[9,21,69,88,94,108,114,133,140,160,188],"robustness":[10],"of":[11,80,90,96,99,110,136,142,147,180],"target":[12],"programs":[13],"by":[14,86,164,186],"providing":[15],"them":[16],"with":[17,49,196],"unconventional":[18],"data.":[19],"With":[20],"rapid":[22],"increase":[23],"in":[24,53,73,113,139,192,204],"software":[25],"quantity,":[26],"scale":[27],"and":[28,43,56,75,124,145,150,152,178,190,198],"complexity,":[29],"traditional":[30],"fuzzing":[31,74,83,100,197],"has":[32],"revealed":[33],"issues":[34],"such":[35],"as":[36],"incomplete":[37],"logic":[38],"coverage,":[39,173],"low":[40],"automation":[41],"level":[42],"insufficient":[44],"test":[45,117,148,181],"cases.":[46,182],"Machine":[47],"learning,":[48],"its":[50,154],"exceptional":[51],"capabilities":[52],"data":[54],"analysis":[55,126],"classification":[57],"prediction,":[58],"presents":[59,199],"promising":[61],"approach":[62],"for":[63,201],"improve":[64],"fuzzing.":[65],"This":[66],"paper":[67],"investigates":[68],"latest":[70],"research":[71],"results":[72],"provides":[76],"systematic":[78],"review":[79],"machine":[81,102,111,137,166,194],"learning-based":[82],"techniques.":[84],"Firstly,":[85],"outlining":[87],"workflow":[89],"fuzzing,":[91,170],"it":[92,105,129,158,184],"summarizes":[93],"optimization":[95,134],"different":[97],"stages":[98],"using":[101],"learning.":[103],"Specifically,":[104],"focuses":[106,131],"on":[107,132],"application":[109],"learning":[112,138,167,195],"preprocessing":[115],"phase,":[116,120],"case":[118],"generation":[119,144],"input":[121],"selection":[122],"phase":[123],"result":[125],"phase.":[127],"Secondly,":[128],"mentally":[130],"methods":[135],"process":[141],"mutation,":[143],"filtering":[146],"cases":[149],"compares":[151],"analyzes":[153,159],"technical":[155],"principles.":[156],"Furthermore,":[157],"performance":[161],"gains":[162],"brought":[163],"applying":[165],"techniques":[168],"to":[169],"mainly":[171],"including":[172],"detection":[175],"capability,":[176],"efficiency":[177],"effectiveness":[179],"Lastly,":[183],"concludes":[185],"summarizing":[187],"challenges":[189],"difficulties":[191],"combining":[193],"prospects":[200],"future":[202],"trends":[203],"this":[205],"field.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}