{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389776767","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3343612","title":"Transceiver Design for IRS-Aided Massive MIMO Networks With Rate-Splitting","display_name":"Transceiver Design for IRS-Aided Massive MIMO Networks With Rate-Splitting","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389776767","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3343612"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3343612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3343612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3343612","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091550684","display_name":"Hanxiao Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5071-2186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanxiao Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Digital Communications, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5071-2186","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Digital Communications, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008815990","display_name":"Navneet Garg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8535-7663"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navneet Garg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Digital Communications, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8535-7663","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Digital Communications, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055961126","display_name":"Anastasios Papazafeiropoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1841-6461"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141584323","display_name":"University of Hertfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0267vjk41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["GB","LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anastasios Papazafeiropoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Communications and Intelligent Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K","University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, SnT, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1841-6461","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Communications and Intelligent Systems Research Group, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141584323"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, SnT, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091847007","display_name":"Tharmalingam Ratnarajah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-1246"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tharmalingam Ratnarajah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Digital Communications, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-1246","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Digital Communications, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.2323,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53336383,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"142162","last_page":"142176"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7445971965789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel-state-information","display_name":"Channel state information","score":0.674325704574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.6102019548416138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.6033145785331726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.5956689715385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5276266932487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.4832228422164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference-alignment","display_name":"Interference alignment","score":0.46575456857681274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gradient-descent","display_name":"Gradient descent","score":0.4308541715145111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4270394444465637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.38836926221847534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3370620310306549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.32701945304870605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.28020936250686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.21103310585021973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.1084572970867157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08556792140007019}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7445971965789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148063708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5072511","display_name":"Channel state information","level":3,"score":0.674325704574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6102019548416138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.6033145785331726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.5956689715385437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5276266932487488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.4832228422164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982854036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference alignment","level":4,"score":0.46575456857681274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153258448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1199743","display_name":"Gradient descent","level":3,"score":0.4308541715145111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4270394444465637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.38836926221847534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3370620310306549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.32701945304870605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.28020936250686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.21103310585021973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.1084572970867157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08556792140007019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3343612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3343612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4593100caeb0403f8cefe3a8156566b2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4593100caeb0403f8cefe3a8156566b2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 142162-142176 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3343612","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3343612","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.41999998688697815,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2193117753","display_name":"COG-MHEAR: Towards cognitively-inspired 5G-IoT enabled, multi-modal Hearing Aids","funder_award_id":"EP/T021063/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2447866707","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/T021063/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1597797001","https://openalex.org/W2027041030","https://openalex.org/W2057065138","https://openalex.org/W2080965636","https://openalex.org/W2091240134","https://openalex.org/W2102636795","https://openalex.org/W2109310734","https://openalex.org/W2136553538","https://openalex.org/W2271871887","https://openalex.org/W2285977177","https://openalex.org/W2595217716","https://openalex.org/W2604993913","https://openalex.org/W2754975475","https://openalex.org/W2766966854","https://openalex.org/W2769052255","https://openalex.org/W2807739648","https://openalex.org/W2807804205","https://openalex.org/W2910875456","https://openalex.org/W2914109377","https://openalex.org/W2962942737","https://openalex.org/W3028456340","https://openalex.org/W3044746003","https://openalex.org/W3084194173","https://openalex.org/W3094327823","https://openalex.org/W3100368766","https://openalex.org/W3106015735","https://openalex.org/W3117633996","https://openalex.org/W3128786808","https://openalex.org/W3129366882","https://openalex.org/W3162708859","https://openalex.org/W3171120870","https://openalex.org/W3190430387","https://openalex.org/W3193247573","https://openalex.org/W3198695922","https://openalex.org/W3199166544","https://openalex.org/W3214686513","https://openalex.org/W3216434095","https://openalex.org/W4213203581","https://openalex.org/W4221160108","https://openalex.org/W4280593317","https://openalex.org/W4285192490","https://openalex.org/W4285245943","https://openalex.org/W4285247171","https://openalex.org/W4285307124","https://openalex.org/W4289536721","https://openalex.org/W4308793488","https://openalex.org/W4312345855","https://openalex.org/W4312577754","https://openalex.org/W4320002825","https://openalex.org/W4372266954","https://openalex.org/W4383337826","https://openalex.org/W4385270087","https://openalex.org/W4388405229"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025626493","https://openalex.org/W2106711889","https://openalex.org/W4226210192","https://openalex.org/W2969031654","https://openalex.org/W2134455975","https://openalex.org/W2114648181","https://openalex.org/W2606895171","https://openalex.org/W2051393281","https://openalex.org/W3120450995","https://openalex.org/W2111349105"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Intelligent":[0],"reflecting":[1],"surface":[2],"(IRS),":[3],"equipped":[4,70],"with":[5,71],"multiple":[6,72],"reflective":[7],"elements,":[8],"is":[9,26,69],"an":[10,27,58],"important":[11],"technology":[12],"for":[13,131],"improving":[14],"the":[15,31,38,54,77,81,84,88,91,95,121,127,135,150,162,167],"achievable":[16,92,163],"rate":[17],"and":[18,46,74,83,99,144],"energy":[19],"efficiency":[20],"of":[21,34,90,142,161],"communications.":[22],"Meanwhile,":[23],"rate-splitting":[24],"(RS)":[25],"approach":[28],"that":[29],"reduces":[30],"detrimental":[32],"effect":[33],"multi-user":[35],"interference":[36],"in":[37,57,157,159],"system":[39,136],"by":[40,125,165],"splitting":[41],"users\u2019":[42],"messages":[43],"into":[44],"private":[45],"common":[47],"parts.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50],"work,":[51],"we":[52],"use":[53,112],"RS":[55],"method":[56,117],"IRS-aided":[59],"massive":[60],"multiple-input":[61],"multiple-output":[62],"(mMIMO)":[63],"system.":[64],"We":[65,86,111],"assume":[66],"each":[67],"user":[68],"antennas":[73],"then":[75],"design":[76],"transceiver,":[78],"which":[79],"include":[80],"precoder":[82,145],"combiner.":[85],"analyze":[87],"performance":[89,141],"sum-rate":[93,164],"when":[94,134],"base":[96],"station":[97],"(BS)":[98],"users":[100],"know":[101],"perfect":[102],"channel":[103],"state":[104],"information":[105],"(CSI)":[106],"or":[107],"only":[108],"statistical":[109],"CSI.":[110,139],"a":[113],"projected":[114],"gradient":[115],"descent":[116],"(PGDM)":[118],"to":[119],"optimize":[120],"IRS":[122],"phase":[123],"shifts":[124],"minimizing":[126],"mean-squared":[128],"error":[129],"(MSE)":[130],"data":[132],"estimates":[133],"has":[137,153],"mixed":[138],"The":[140],"combiner":[143],"quantization,":[146],"as":[147,149],"well":[148],"limited":[151],"feedback":[152],"also":[154],"been":[155],"investigated":[156],"simulations":[158],"terms":[160],"using":[166],"iterative":[168],"chordal":[169],"distance":[170],"(ICD)":[171],"method.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}