{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388819879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3335216","title":"A Critical Analysis of Benchmarks, Techniques, and Models in Medical Visual Question Answering","display_name":"A Critical Analysis of Benchmarks, Techniques, and Models in Medical Visual Question Answering","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388819879","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3335216"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3335216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3335216","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10323452.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10323452.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055424071","display_name":"Suheer Al-Hadhrami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2831-416X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I319841309","display_name":"Hadhramout University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv0px94","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I319841309"]}],"countries":["SA","YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suheer Al-Hadhrami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","Computer Engineering, Hadhramout University, Hadhramout, Yemen"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2831-416X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering, Hadhramout University, Hadhramout, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I319841309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003483157","display_name":"Mohamed El Bachir Mena\u00ef","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5981-6299"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed El Bachir Menai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5981-6299","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004401480","display_name":"Saad Al-Ahmadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9406-6809"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saad Al-Ahmadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9406-6809","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012921096","display_name":"Ahmad Alnafessah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2017-8565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1284598098","display_name":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05tdz6m39","country_code":"SA","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1284598098"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["SA","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Alnafessah","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, United States"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2017-8565","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1284598098"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.0105,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79038163,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"136507","last_page":"136540"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11775","display_name":"COVID-19 diagnosis using AI","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":0.9330999851226807,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8342322111129761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strengths-and-weaknesses","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","score":0.6491343379020691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenation","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","score":0.6343570947647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.6065355539321899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swot-analysis","display_name":"SWOT analysis","score":0.5974574089050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5339919924736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.506379246711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4758427143096924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual-neural-network","display_name":"Residual neural network","score":0.4281395375728607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.41826292872428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topic-model","display_name":"Topic model","score":0.41320404410362244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.2506062090396881}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8342322111129761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63882131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17122954","display_name":"Strengths and weaknesses","level":2,"score":0.6491343379020691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87619178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126002","display_name":"Concatenation (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6343570947647095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6065355539321899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119059837","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175096","display_name":"SWOT analysis","level":2,"score":0.5974574089050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5339919924736023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.506379246711731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4758427143096924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2944601119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43744058","display_name":"Residual neural network","level":3,"score":0.4281395375728607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.41826292872428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171686336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3532085","display_name":"Topic model","level":2,"score":0.41320404410362244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.2506062090396881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3335216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3335216","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10323452.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:32da1c7e87d645a68aa383462bbee985","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/32da1c7e87d645a68aa383462bbee985","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 136507-136540 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3335216","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3335216","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10323452.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322997","display_name":"King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05tdz6m39"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320330321","display_name":"Korea University Business School","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335726","display_name":"Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388819879.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388819879.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":291,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W627986001","https://openalex.org/W1508567213","https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1933349210","https://openalex.org/W1982890488","https://openalex.org/W2004026774","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2103318667","https://openalex.org/W2107634464","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2124386111","https://openalex.org/W2142192571","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2161969291","https://openalex.org/W2174492417","https://openalex.org/W2190656909","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2231285690","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2266464013","https://openalex.org/W2340874616","https://openalex.org/W2346425926","https://openalex.org/W2471094925","https://openalex.org/W2529436507","https://openalex.org/W2560920409","https://openalex.org/W2608030593","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2621235041","https://openalex.org/W2732016772","https://openalex.org/W2735784619","https://openalex.org/W2743109345","https://openalex.org/W2745461083","https://openalex.org/W2747623286","https://openalex.org/W2755892714","https://openalex.org/W2791148095","https://openalex.org/W2798786641","https://openalex.org/W2799846024","https://openalex.org/W2801164622","https://openalex.org/W2803042791","https://openalex.org/W2807941860","https://openalex.org/W2828862258","https://openalex.org/W2885156408","https://openalex.org/W2885380450","https://openalex.org/W2887967003","https://openalex.org/W2890443367","https://openalex.org/W2891394954","https://openalex.org/W2892051617","https://openalex.org/W2894842749","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2900904083","https://openalex.org/W2901466771","https://openalex.org/W2921873695","https://openalex.org/W2925863688","https://openalex.org/W2941471352","https://openalex.org/W2951798058","https://openalex.org/W2962749469","https://openalex.org/W2962781483","https://openalex.org/W2962933067","https://openalex.org/W2963012286","https://openalex.org/W2963150162","https://openalex.org/W2963176022","https://openalex.org/W2963191264","https://openalex.org/W2963383024","https://openalex.org/W2963560969","https://openalex.org/W2963609017","https://openalex.org/W2963656855","https://openalex.org/W2963672682","https://openalex.org/W2963717374","https://openalex.org/W2963770662","https://openalex.org/W2963954913","https://openalex.org/W2963981422","https://openalex.org/W2964023275","https://openalex.org/W2964092725","https://openalex.org/W2964118342","https://openalex.org/W2964138017","https://openalex.org/W2964138343","https://openalex.org/W2964303913","https://openalex.org/W2964345214","https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W2966683369","https://openalex.org/W2966715458","https://openalex.org/W2968124245","https://openalex.org/W2969332757","https://openalex.org/W2969876226","https://openalex.org/W2970231061","https://openalex.org/W2970869018","https://openalex.org/W2976260559","https://openalex.org/W2979525559","https://openalex.org/W2986670728","https://openalex.org/W2996183834","https://openalex.org/W2997591391","https://openalex.org/W2998339148","https://openalex.org/W3001555892","https://openalex.org/W3002547336","https://openalex.org/W3003209274","https://openalex.org/W3007152172","https://openalex.org/W3009654469","https://openalex.org/W3011329351","https://openalex.org/W3011651912","https://openalex.org/W3011797839","https://openalex.org/W3012111773","https://openalex.org/W3012608737","https://openalex.org/W3014611590","https://openalex.org/W3015965768","https://openalex.org/W3016039242","https://openalex.org/W3026441479","https://openalex.org/W3029273706","https://openalex.org/W3034500398","https://openalex.org/W3034727271","https://openalex.org/W3035517717","https://openalex.org/W3035644209","https://openalex.org/W3035652667","https://openalex.org/W3037181498","https://openalex.org/W3041222599","https://openalex.org/W3044175177","https://openalex.org/W3045951017","https://openalex.org/W3047969382","https://openalex.org/W3049478012","https://openalex.org/W3090190336","https://openalex.org/W3090449556","https://openalex.org/W3091588028","https://openalex.org/W3091737531","https://openalex.org/W3092747189","https://openalex.org/W3093124244","https://openalex.org/W3094926883","https://openalex.org/W3094950914","https://openalex.org/W3098351727","https://openalex.org/W3099143471","https://openalex.org/W3099839483","https://openalex.org/W3100786684","https://openalex.org/W3104085139","https://openalex.org/W3104152799","https://openalex.org/W3104645229","https://openalex.org/W3107273227","https://openalex.org/W3112972219","https://openalex.org/W3116651605","https://openalex.org/W3116952214","https://openalex.org/W3126792443","https://openalex.org/W3128510757","https://openalex.org/W3154781046","https://openalex.org/W3159131359","https://openalex.org/W3159433218","https://openalex.org/W3159730627","https://openalex.org/W3161465839","https://openalex.org/W3164670515","https://openalex.org/W3165058054","https://openalex.org/W3165938948","https://openalex.org/W3170243808","https://openalex.org/W3172141633","https://openalex.org/W3173220247","https://openalex.org/W3173585224","https://openalex.org/W3173909648","https://openalex.org/W3175095612","https://openalex.org/W3177224328","https://openalex.org/W3177934633","https://openalex.org/W3184385036","https://openalex.org/W3186513731","https://openalex.org/W3195299381","https://openalex.org/W3195963939","https://openalex.org/W3196480901","https://openalex.org/W3198570286","https://openalex.org/W3200936534","https://openalex.org/W3201264086","https://openalex.org/W3202372128","https://openalex.org/W3203255640","https://openalex.org/W3203635737","https://openalex.org/W3206946574","https://openalex.org/W3209274285","https://openalex.org/W3214192620","https://openalex.org/W3215626407","https://openalex.org/W4200048628","https://openalex.org/W4229042118","https://openalex.org/W4283368635","https://openalex.org/W4283731999","https://openalex.org/W4284667763","https://openalex.org/W4288091194","https://openalex.org/W4290996482","https://openalex.org/W4294285700","https://openalex.org/W4294294443","https://openalex.org/W4296123081","https://openalex.org/W4296406182","https://openalex.org/W4304092130","https://openalex.org/W4312159230","https://openalex.org/W4312877428","https://openalex.org/W4313068071","https://openalex.org/W4313597921","https://openalex.org/W4318718936","https://openalex.org/W4379879090","https://openalex.org/W4386071687","https://openalex.org/W4386250512","https://openalex.org/W4387211845","https://openalex.org/W6620100662","https://openalex.org/W6629028937","https://openalex.org/W6634232107","https://openalex.org/W6636510571","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6682691769","https://openalex.org/W6685520387","https://openalex.org/W6686883664","https://openalex.org/W6687239747","https://openalex.org/W6689414982","https://openalex.org/W6697449767","https://openalex.org/W6703809471","https://openalex.org/W6715144786","https://openalex.org/W6719057275","https://openalex.org/W6728881024","https://openalex.org/W6729948091","https://openalex.org/W6731370813","https://openalex.org/W6736769356","https://openalex.org/W6737744350","https://openalex.org/W6742232253","https://openalex.org/W6743792510","https://openalex.org/W6747824641","https://openalex.org/W6748883376","https://openalex.org/W6752083267","https://openalex.org/W6753792695","https://openalex.org/W6753864068","https://openalex.org/W6753914088","https://openalex.org/W6754089394","https://openalex.org/W6754139713","https://openalex.org/W6754175302","https://openalex.org/W6754408018","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6761260114","https://openalex.org/W6763450362","https://openalex.org/W6763701032","https://openalex.org/W6764209848","https://openalex.org/W6764756247","https://openalex.org/W6765968251","https://openalex.org/W6766253171","https://openalex.org/W6766414550","https://openalex.org/W6766458350","https://openalex.org/W6766497990","https://openalex.org/W6766499323","https://openalex.org/W6766554456","https://openalex.org/W6766590875","https://openalex.org/W6766601051","https://openalex.org/W6766673545","https://openalex.org/W6766693608","https://openalex.org/W6766819354","https://openalex.org/W6766904570","https://openalex.org/W6767211374","https://openalex.org/W6767279747","https://openalex.org/W6768619882","https://openalex.org/W6769246523","https://openalex.org/W6771809246","https://openalex.org/W6773248631","https://openalex.org/W6773996751","https://openalex.org/W6774176509","https://openalex.org/W6774630678","https://openalex.org/W6775041699","https://openalex.org/W6775188310","https://openalex.org/W6779590353","https://openalex.org/W6784262831","https://openalex.org/W6784404284","https://openalex.org/W6784715119","https://openalex.org/W6784715303","https://openalex.org/W6784774911","https://openalex.org/W6784987350","https://openalex.org/W6785071833","https://openalex.org/W6785080002","https://openalex.org/W6785356685","https://openalex.org/W6785403073","https://openalex.org/W6785642512","https://openalex.org/W6787426629","https://openalex.org/W6787572754","https://openalex.org/W6788436139","https://openalex.org/W6789753369","https://openalex.org/W6789909235","https://openalex.org/W6791353385","https://openalex.org/W6798805250","https://openalex.org/W6800224176","https://openalex.org/W6800248643","https://openalex.org/W6800737253","https://openalex.org/W6800825517","https://openalex.org/W6801015064","https://openalex.org/W6801031478","https://openalex.org/W6801239217","https://openalex.org/W6803674614","https://openalex.org/W6803872405","https://openalex.org/W6811013733","https://openalex.org/W6811072154","https://openalex.org/W6839015040","https://openalex.org/W6839213706","https://openalex.org/W6842585177","https://openalex.org/W6849177959","https://openalex.org/W6941387580"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2807952359","https://openalex.org/W4205908667","https://openalex.org/W2264828925","https://openalex.org/W4312213642","https://openalex.org/W2378407273","https://openalex.org/W90157332","https://openalex.org/W2373577936","https://openalex.org/W2364866955","https://openalex.org/W2887776298","https://openalex.org/W2967320841"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,216],"paper":[1],"comprehensively":[2],"reviews":[3],"medical":[4,47,124,137,174,206,222],"VQA":[5,138,175,223],"models,":[6],"structures,":[7],"and":[8,14,19,22,31,72,78,106,116,128,143,152,171,212,224],"datasets,":[9,197],"focusing":[10],"on":[11],"combining":[12],"vision":[13,86],"language.":[15],"Over":[16],"75":[17],"models":[18,99],"their":[20],"statistical":[21,134],"SWOT":[23,164],"(Strengths,":[24],"Weaknesses,":[25],"Opportunities,":[26],"Threats)":[27],"analyses":[28,146],"were":[29,109],"compared":[30],"analyzed.":[32],"The":[33,112,133,163],"study":[34,113],"highlights":[35],"whether":[36],"the":[37,40,46,59,64,82,98,120,169],"researchers":[38,230],"in":[39,45,123,155,235],"general":[41],"field":[42],"influence":[43],"those":[44],"field.":[48,237],"According":[49],"to":[50,141,220,232],"an":[51],"analysis":[52,135,165],"of":[53,97,136,173],"text":[54],"encoding":[55],"techniques,":[56,95],"LSTM":[57,151],"is":[58,62],"approach":[60],"that":[61],"utilized":[63],"most":[65,83],"(42%),":[66],"followed":[67,88],"by":[68,89],"non-text":[69],"methods":[70],"(14%)":[71],"BiLSTM":[73],"(12%),":[74],"whereas":[75],"VGGNet":[76],"(40%)":[77],"ResNet":[79,158],"(22%)":[80],"are":[81],"often":[84],"used":[85],"methods,":[87,102],"Ensemble":[90],"approaches":[91,122],"(16%).":[92],"Regarding":[93],"fusion":[94],"14%":[96],"employed":[100],"non-specific":[101],"while":[103],"SAN":[104],"(13%)":[105],"concatenation":[107],"(10%)":[108],"frequently":[110],"used.":[111,162],"identifies":[114],"LSTM-VGGNet":[115],"LSTM-ResNet":[117],"combinations":[118],"as":[119],"primary":[121],"VQA,":[125],"with":[126],"18%":[127],"15%":[129],"usage":[130],"rates,":[131],"respectively.":[132],"from":[139],"2018":[140,156],"2023":[142],"individual":[144],"yearly":[145],"reveals":[147],"consistent":[148],"preferences":[149],"for":[150,179,228],"VGGNet,":[153],"except":[154],"when":[157],"was":[159],"more":[160],"commonly":[161],"provides":[166],"insights":[167],"into":[168],"strengths":[170],"weaknesses":[172],"research,":[176],"highlighting":[177],"areas":[178,183],"future":[180,229],"exploration.":[181],"These":[182],"include":[184],"addressing":[185],"limited":[186],"dataset":[187],"sizes,":[188],"enhancing":[189],"question":[190],"diversity,":[191],"mitigating":[192],"unimodal":[193],"bias,":[194],"exploring":[195],"multi-modal":[196],"leveraging":[198],"external":[199],"knowledge,":[200],"incorporating":[201],"multiple":[202],"images,":[203],"ensuring":[204],"practical":[205],"application":[207],"integrity,":[208],"improving":[209],"model":[210],"interpretation,":[211],"refining":[213],"evaluation":[214],"methods.":[215],"paper\u2019s":[217],"findings":[218],"contribute":[219],"understanding":[221],"offer":[225],"valuable":[226],"guidance":[227],"aiming":[231],"make":[233],"advancements":[234],"this":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}