{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388622898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3332488","title":"SQ-Swin: Siamese Quadratic Swin Transformer for Lettuce Browning Prediction","display_name":"SQ-Swin: Siamese Quadratic Swin Transformer for Lettuce Browning Prediction","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388622898","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3332488"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3332488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3332488","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10316294.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10316294.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101759770","display_name":"Dayang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-2110"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133738476","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Lowell","ror":"https://ror.org/03hamhx47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dayang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts at Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0531-2110","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts at Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084269029","display_name":"Boce Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2095-1095"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boce Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2095-1095","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100898687","display_name":"Yongshun Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133738476","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Lowell","ror":"https://ror.org/03hamhx47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongshun Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts at Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts at Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004669931","display_name":"Yaguang Luo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6164-4318"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaguang Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Department of Agriculture, Food Quality Laboratory/Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6164-4318","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Department of Agriculture, Food Quality Laboratory/Environmental Microbial and Food Safety Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052662150","display_name":"Hengyong Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5852-0813"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133738476","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Lowell","ror":"https://ror.org/03hamhx47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hengyong Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts at Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5852-0813","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts at Lowell, Lowell, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.8725,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81337734,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"128724","last_page":"128735"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9853000044822693,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12093","display_name":"Greenhouse Technology and Climate Control","score":0.9797999858856201,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14365","display_name":"Leaf Properties and Growth Measurement","score":0.9646000266075134,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/browning","display_name":"Browning","score":0.8153848648071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.7343693971633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6540421843528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6506714820861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadratic-equation","display_name":"Quadratic equation","score":0.6373625993728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5602350234985352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5093246698379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3526133894920349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23790675401687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/horticulture","display_name":"Horticulture","score":0.1714673936367035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.13317060470581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1047375500202179}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53007507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2760809","display_name":"Browning","level":2,"score":0.8153848648071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.7343693971633911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6540421843528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6506714820861816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129844170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41299","display_name":"Quadratic equation","level":2,"score":0.6373625993728638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5602350234985352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5093246698379517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3526133894920349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23790675401687622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.1714673936367035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13317060470581055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1047375500202179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3332488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3332488","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10316294.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f4b85f5b8d16455f86ee8b0f7c76b7a2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f4b85f5b8d16455f86ee8b0f7c76b7a2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 128724-128735 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3332488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3332488","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10316294.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306114","display_name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332605","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388622898.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388622898.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1574447377","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1973724931","https://openalex.org/W1995811231","https://openalex.org/W2026915078","https://openalex.org/W2068433497","https://openalex.org/W2108598243","https://openalex.org/W2149887512","https://openalex.org/W2162945055","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2405279636","https://openalex.org/W2470394683","https://openalex.org/W2516809705","https://openalex.org/W2560886373","https://openalex.org/W2565639579","https://openalex.org/W2588753287","https://openalex.org/W2808673205","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2910628332","https://openalex.org/W2928165649","https://openalex.org/W2949506353","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2963854930","https://openalex.org/W2964296115","https://openalex.org/W2988937804","https://openalex.org/W2991391304","https://openalex.org/W2999571325","https://openalex.org/W3034307881","https://openalex.org/W3035038672","https://openalex.org/W3035414587","https://openalex.org/W3035511673","https://openalex.org/W3035574168","https://openalex.org/W3037508544","https://openalex.org/W3044579085","https://openalex.org/W3080427797","https://openalex.org/W3089935083","https://openalex.org/W3091878842","https://openalex.org/W3100133897","https://openalex.org/W3138516171","https://openalex.org/W3142904542","https://openalex.org/W3171007011","https://openalex.org/W3173178459","https://openalex.org/W3183379314","https://openalex.org/W3210027319","https://openalex.org/W3213093647","https://openalex.org/W4205281574","https://openalex.org/W4214669216","https://openalex.org/W4221154242","https://openalex.org/W4221163763","https://openalex.org/W4225912841","https://openalex.org/W4226497331","https://openalex.org/W4286967680","https://openalex.org/W4287203292","https://openalex.org/W4292779060","https://openalex.org/W4294646197","https://openalex.org/W4313124045","https://openalex.org/W4322622372","https://openalex.org/W4322718191","https://openalex.org/W4361014849","https://openalex.org/W4362603432","https://openalex.org/W4388953010","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6683758900","https://openalex.org/W6737947904","https://openalex.org/W6750254146","https://openalex.org/W6755207826","https://openalex.org/W6766978945","https://openalex.org/W6778883912","https://openalex.org/W6779101013","https://openalex.org/W6779823529","https://openalex.org/W6783596713","https://openalex.org/W6788135285","https://openalex.org/W6790690058","https://openalex.org/W6794345597","https://openalex.org/W6794559225","https://openalex.org/W6800647052","https://openalex.org/W6809631729","https://openalex.org/W6810655596","https://openalex.org/W6810673825","https://openalex.org/W6850625674"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2393103957","https://openalex.org/W2367383989","https://openalex.org/W2351550017","https://openalex.org/W1894580465","https://openalex.org/W3145371380","https://openalex.org/W2391740720","https://openalex.org/W2362206029","https://openalex.org/W2155604592","https://openalex.org/W2360461337","https://openalex.org/W4380075502"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Enzymatic":[0],"browning":[1,39,53,71],"is":[2,27,63,94,111,148],"a":[3,33,47,74,107,133,166],"major":[4],"quality":[5],"defect":[6],"of":[7,32,59,120,124],"packaged":[8],"\u201cready-to-eat\u201d":[9],"fresh-cut":[10,173],"lettuce":[11,52,70,126,174],"salads.":[12],"While":[13],"there":[14],"have":[15],"been":[16],"many":[17],"research":[18],"and":[19,37,42,117,153,185],"breeding":[20],"efforts":[21],"to":[22,35,97,113,161],"counter":[23],"this":[24],"problem,":[25],"progress":[26],"hindered":[28],"by":[29],"the":[30,57,64,90,103,115,121,125,129,138,141,146,151,157,172,178,182],"lack":[31],"technology":[34],"identify":[36],"quantify":[38],"rapidly,":[40],"objectively,":[41],"reliably.":[43],"Here,":[44],"we":[45],"report":[46],"deep":[48,67,187],"learning":[49,68],"model":[50,85,92,131,147],"for":[51,69],"score":[54],"prediction.":[55],"To":[56],"best":[58],"our":[60,84],"knowledge,":[61],"it":[62],"first-of-its-kind":[65],"on":[66,150,171],"prediction":[72],"using":[73],"Siamese":[75],"Quadratic":[76],"Swin":[77],"(SQ-Swin)":[78],"transformer":[79,91],"with":[80,156],"several":[81],"highlights.":[82],"First,":[83],"includes":[86],"quadratic":[87],"features":[88],"in":[89],"which":[93,136],"more":[95,119],"powerful":[96],"incorporate":[98],"real":[99],"world":[100],"representations":[101],"than":[102,165],"linear":[104],"transformer.":[105],"Second,":[106],"multi-scale":[108],"training":[109,143],"strategy":[110],"employed":[112],"augment":[114],"data":[116],"explore":[118],"inherent":[122],"self-similarity":[123],"images.":[127],"Third,":[128],"proposed":[130,179],"uses":[132],"siamese":[134],"architecture":[135],"learns":[137],"inter-relations":[139],"among":[140],"limited":[142],"samples.":[144],"Fourth,":[145],"pretrained":[149],"ImageNet":[152],"then":[154],"trained":[155],"reptile":[158],"meta-learning":[159],"algorithm":[160],"learn":[162],"higher-order":[163],"gradients":[164],"regular":[167],"one.":[168],"Experiment":[169],"results":[170],"datasets":[175],"show":[176],"that":[177],"SQ-Swin":[180],"outperforms":[181],"traditional":[183],"methods":[184],"other":[186],"learning-based":[188],"backbones.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}