{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4388017316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3328342","title":"Automatic Bipolar Disorder Assessment Using Machine Learning With Smartphone-Based Digital Phenotyping","display_name":"Automatic Bipolar Disorder Assessment Using Machine Learning With Smartphone-Based Digital Phenotyping","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4388017316","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3328342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3328342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3328342","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10299670.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10299670.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103251327","display_name":"Chung\u2010Hsien Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-2123"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Hsien Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3947-2123","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019460894","display_name":"Jia-Hao Hsu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5548-2509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jia-Hao Hsu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5548-2509","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091903740","display_name":"Cheng-Ray Liou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng-Ray Liou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111374376","display_name":"Hung-Yi Su","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hung-YI Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037017415","display_name":"Esther Ching\u2010Lan Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5134-1700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Esther Ching-Lan Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049177021","display_name":"Po See Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4963-578X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Po-See Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4963-578X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Behavioral Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.3759,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89074122,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"121845","last_page":"121858"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10854","display_name":"Bipolar Disorder and Treatment","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10854","display_name":"Bipolar Disorder and Treatment","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-mania-rating-scale","display_name":"Young Mania Rating Scale","score":0.8031626343727112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipolar-disorder","display_name":"Bipolar disorder","score":0.6402666568756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.593793511390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rating-scale","display_name":"Rating scale","score":0.5843971967697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4387640655040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mood","display_name":"Mood","score":0.43837520480155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4315626621246338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.26244252920150757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mania","display_name":"Mania","score":0.2562766671180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-psychology","display_name":"Clinical psychology","score":0.2518794536590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2253519892692566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11431330442428589}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777089681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4340609","display_name":"Young Mania Rating Scale","level":5,"score":0.8031626343727112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131755","display_name":"Bipolar disorder","level":3,"score":0.6402666568756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.593793511390686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83849319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7295720","display_name":"Rating scale","level":2,"score":0.5843971967697144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4387640655040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780733359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331769","display_name":"Mood","level":2,"score":0.43837520480155945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4315626621246338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.26244252920150757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776809841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185935","display_name":"Mania","level":4,"score":0.2562766671180725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.2518794536590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2253519892692566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11431330442428589}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3328342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3328342","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10299670.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c5b29b96f3f14f5389b9902d643fba59","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c5b29b96f3f14f5389b9902d643fba59","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 121845-121858 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3328342","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3328342","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10299670.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5400000214576721}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3803527708","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"MOST 111-2221-E-006-150-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5411772072","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"111-2221-E-006-150-MY3","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","funder_display_name":"National Science and Technology Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331164","display_name":"National Science and Technology Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00wnb9798"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388017316.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4388017316.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W121550088","https://openalex.org/W1673310716","https://openalex.org/W1970581372","https://openalex.org/W1981918162","https://openalex.org/W1985845597","https://openalex.org/W1986316936","https://openalex.org/W1993753254","https://openalex.org/W2005069458","https://openalex.org/W2008809473","https://openalex.org/W2009086942","https://openalex.org/W2020333100","https://openalex.org/W2023731405","https://openalex.org/W2024774719","https://openalex.org/W2027309689","https://openalex.org/W2028229904","https://openalex.org/W2055911634","https://openalex.org/W2057565315","https://openalex.org/W2064421947","https://openalex.org/W2071201810","https://openalex.org/W2071744520","https://openalex.org/W2083164476","https://openalex.org/W2084109136","https://openalex.org/W2103011877","https://openalex.org/W2114651872","https://openalex.org/W2117614899","https://openalex.org/W2123362870","https://openalex.org/W2133052321","https://openalex.org/W2151897491","https://openalex.org/W2153722516","https://openalex.org/W2171950477","https://openalex.org/W2297827560","https://openalex.org/W2329025918","https://openalex.org/W2396589722","https://openalex.org/W2493235194","https://openalex.org/W2538898996","https://openalex.org/W2546875627","https://openalex.org/W2596249796","https://openalex.org/W2610997412","https://openalex.org/W2756281492","https://openalex.org/W2759174152","https://openalex.org/W2778547891","https://openalex.org/W2803193013","https://openalex.org/W2805638371","https://openalex.org/W2806805537","https://openalex.org/W2809874110","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2897604988","https://openalex.org/W2904581126","https://openalex.org/W2941322871","https://openalex.org/W2947293255","https://openalex.org/W2962687384","https://openalex.org/W2969841773","https://openalex.org/W2981810796","https://openalex.org/W2996627455","https://openalex.org/W3013702006","https://openalex.org/W3092839587","https://openalex.org/W3162498388","https://openalex.org/W4226396867","https://openalex.org/W4281692204","https://openalex.org/W4292323245","https://openalex.org/W4294163277","https://openalex.org/W4295308278","https://openalex.org/W6637131181","https://openalex.org/W6712588427","https://openalex.org/W6755207826"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2091339138","https://openalex.org/W2120293770","https://openalex.org/W2116391652","https://openalex.org/W2904404768","https://openalex.org/W2101379983","https://openalex.org/W2062300337","https://openalex.org/W4386849607","https://openalex.org/W2088488490","https://openalex.org/W1978538769","https://openalex.org/W1785042862"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bipolar":[0],"disorder":[1],"(BD)":[2],"is":[3],"one":[4],"of":[5,25,51,98,125,134,209,220],"the":[6,32,49,59,66,78,109,132,181,188],"most":[7,189],"common":[8],"mental":[9],"illnesses":[10],"worldwide.":[11],"In":[12],"this":[13,218],"study,":[14],"a":[15,35,205],"smartphone":[16],"application":[17],"was":[18,38,46,102,144,172],"developed":[19],"to":[20,47,130,146],"collect":[21],"digital":[22,42,74,99,158],"phenotyping":[23],"data":[24,76,101,160,198],"users,":[26],"and":[27,65,89,94,107,114,120,122,166,183,196,211,215],"an":[28,141],"ensemble":[29,142],"method":[30],"combining":[31],"results":[33,178],"from":[34,161],"model":[36],"pool":[37],"established":[39],"through":[40],"heterogeneous":[41,135,157,197],"phenotyping.":[43],"The":[44,72,176],"aim":[45],"predict":[48],"severity":[50],"bipolar":[52],"symptoms":[53],"by":[54],"using":[55],"two":[56],"clinician-administered":[57],"scales,":[58,84],"Hamilton":[60],"Depression":[61],"Rating":[62,69],"Scale":[63,70],"(HAM-D)":[64],"Young":[67],"Mania":[68],"(YMRS).":[71],"collected":[73,156],"phenotype":[75,100,159],"included":[77],"user\u2019s":[79],"location":[80],"information":[81],"(GPS),":[82],"self-report":[83],"daily":[85],"mood,":[86],"sleep":[87],"patterns,":[88],"multimedia":[90],"records":[91],"(text,":[92],"speech,":[93],"video).":[95],"Each":[96],"category":[97],"used":[103,129],"for":[104,174,213],"training":[105],"models":[106,117,186],"predicting":[108,192],"rating":[110,150,193],"scale":[111,151,194],"scores":[112],"(HAM-D":[113],"YMRS).":[115],"Seven":[116],"were":[118,128,187],"tested":[119],"compared,":[121],"different":[123],"combinations":[124],"feature":[126],"types":[127],"evaluate":[131],"performance":[133],"data.":[136],"To":[137],"address":[138],"missing":[139],"data,":[140,203],"approach":[143],"employed":[145,173],"increase":[147],"flexibility":[148],"in":[149,191],"score":[152],"prediction.":[153],"This":[154],"study":[155],"84":[162],"individuals":[163],"with":[164,204],"BD":[165],"11":[167],"healthy":[168],"controls.":[169],"Five-fold":[170],"cross-validation":[171],"evaluation.":[175],"experimental":[177],"revealed":[179],"that":[180],"Lasso":[182],"ElasticNet":[184],"regression":[185],"effective":[190],"scores,":[195],"performed":[199],"better":[200],"than":[201],"homogeneous":[202],"mean":[206],"absolute":[207],"error":[208,221],"1.36":[210],"0.55":[212],"HAM-D":[214],"YMRS,":[216],"respectively;":[217],"margin":[219],"meets":[222],"medical":[223],"requirements.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
