{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387886088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3326443","title":"THz Communications: A Key Enabler for Future Cellular Networks","display_name":"THz Communications: A Key Enabler for Future Cellular Networks","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387886088","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3326443"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3326443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3326443","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10290138.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10290138.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025557078","display_name":"Najam Us Saqib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9149-0946"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Najam Us Saqib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9149-0946","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034625124","display_name":"Muhammad Sajid Haroon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4667-2991"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Sajid Haroon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4667-2991","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072757377","display_name":"Hwi Young Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165268","display_name":"Korea Testing Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05aykjy67","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165268"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hwi Young Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Future Communication Technology Center, Korea Testing Laboratory, Ansan, South Korea","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Future Communication Technology Center, Korea Testing Laboratory, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165268"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010089204","display_name":"Kwanghyun Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-2725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwanghyun Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030031573","display_name":"Hoon-Geun Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165268","display_name":"Korea Testing Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/05aykjy67","country_code":"KR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165268"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hoon-Geun Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Future Communication Technology Center, Korea Testing Laboratory, Ansan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Future Communication Technology Center, Korea Testing Laboratory, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165268"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084148795","display_name":"Sang-Woon Jeon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0199-2254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135237710","display_name":"Zhejiang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vevwk45","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135237710"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4575257","display_name":"Hanyang University","ror":"https://ror.org/046865y68","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}],"countries":["CN","KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang-Woon Jeon","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China","Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0199-2254","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135237710"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025557078"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4575257"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":14.497,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98447201,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"117474","last_page":"117493"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-radiation","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","score":0.7767865061759949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7338753938674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6935850381851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6555194854736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.5873614549636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5597105026245117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.49659496545791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4582147002220154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.43029674887657166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.42400434613227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.4226754307746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.36355510354042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.19292870163917542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17030835151672363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.11735096573829651}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.7767865061759949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7338753938674927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6935850381851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6555194854736328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.5873614549636841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5597105026245117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.49659496545791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4582147002220154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.43029674887657166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.42400434613227844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.4226754307746887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.36355510354042053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.19292870163917542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17030835151672363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.11735096573829651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3326443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3326443","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10290138.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dd1f9c1959bc41d5a36fabc84e61b5a9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dd1f9c1959bc41d5a36fabc84e61b5a9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 117474-117493 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3326443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3326443","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10290138.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4700831490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","funder_display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328359","display_name":"Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/01wpjm123"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335489","display_name":"Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion","ror":"https://ror.org/01g0hqq23"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387886088.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387886088.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":132,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W171803538","https://openalex.org/W1987195322","https://openalex.org/W2019642678","https://openalex.org/W2034667789","https://openalex.org/W2045137159","https://openalex.org/W2053521124","https://openalex.org/W2086826257","https://openalex.org/W2103220549","https://openalex.org/W2125290396","https://openalex.org/W2125613111","https://openalex.org/W2140396712","https://openalex.org/W2149509899","https://openalex.org/W2156379232","https://openalex.org/W2161181093","https://openalex.org/W2163471025","https://openalex.org/W2168311839","https://openalex.org/W2262641688","https://openalex.org/W2292153931","https://openalex.org/W2338920776","https://openalex.org/W2398967697","https://openalex.org/W2404291566","https://openalex.org/W2443133074","https://openalex.org/W2526144952","https://openalex.org/W2527435379","https://openalex.org/W2567050201","https://openalex.org/W2621748098","https://openalex.org/W2730027154","https://openalex.org/W2805022829","https://openalex.org/W2807719490","https://openalex.org/W2808569941","https://openalex.org/W2884677464","https://openalex.org/W2889969806","https://openalex.org/W2899529562","https://openalex.org/W2917763140","https://openalex.org/W2921466771","https://openalex.org/W2922405712","https://openalex.org/W2943178657","https://openalex.org/W2954518234","https://openalex.org/W2955897898","https://openalex.org/W2963065192","https://openalex.org/W2964343301","https://openalex.org/W2965824823","https://openalex.org/W2968417327","https://openalex.org/W2974084046","https://openalex.org/W2977255846","https://openalex.org/W2977706665","https://openalex.org/W2982353381","https://openalex.org/W2988451509","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W2999725526","https://openalex.org/W3002159761","https://openalex.org/W3009580490","https://openalex.org/W3009677037","https://openalex.org/W3013789912","https://openalex.org/W3017435225","https://openalex.org/W3025201079","https://openalex.org/W3025441730","https://openalex.org/W3026404464","https://openalex.org/W3034646744","https://openalex.org/W3039789048","https://openalex.org/W3043421988","https://openalex.org/W3043953517","https://openalex.org/W3045934119","https://openalex.org/W3047296326","https://openalex.org/W3047408115","https://openalex.org/W3059813204","https://openalex.org/W3080147229","https://openalex.org/W3089065083","https://openalex.org/W3091752016","https://openalex.org/W3107346599","https://openalex.org/W3110673546","https://openalex.org/W3110859203","https://openalex.org/W3110989801","https://openalex.org/W3111805200","https://openalex.org/W3120822682","https://openalex.org/W3121978485","https://openalex.org/W3122155330","https://openalex.org/W3129486236","https://openalex.org/W3132704706","https://openalex.org/W3135752164","https://openalex.org/W3139447544","https://openalex.org/W3154707999","https://openalex.org/W3156156093","https://openalex.org/W3156622738","https://openalex.org/W3158743991","https://openalex.org/W3159580006","https://openalex.org/W3160036209","https://openalex.org/W3164099765","https://openalex.org/W3167321404","https://openalex.org/W3172000194","https://openalex.org/W3172553205","https://openalex.org/W3172677939","https://openalex.org/W3172974917","https://openalex.org/W3176327693","https://openalex.org/W3179495921","https://openalex.org/W3180593295","https://openalex.org/W3180605299","https://openalex.org/W3192919170","https://openalex.org/W3194946664","https://openalex.org/W3198664870","https://openalex.org/W3199336768","https://openalex.org/W3199676188","https://openalex.org/W3200362644","https://openalex.org/W3201796925","https://openalex.org/W3203300676","https://openalex.org/W3204162029","https://openalex.org/W3204308155","https://openalex.org/W3208320529","https://openalex.org/W3210604793","https://openalex.org/W3210963617","https://openalex.org/W3214755263","https://openalex.org/W3215644753","https://openalex.org/W4200217354","https://openalex.org/W4200246354","https://openalex.org/W4214828252","https://openalex.org/W4224927624","https://openalex.org/W4226073470","https://openalex.org/W4280571452","https://openalex.org/W4290994891","https://openalex.org/W4293370925","https://openalex.org/W4353115234","https://openalex.org/W4387872809","https://openalex.org/W4391807595","https://openalex.org/W4394939113","https://openalex.org/W6661827734","https://openalex.org/W6713680782","https://openalex.org/W6761920818","https://openalex.org/W6770412359","https://openalex.org/W6777911772","https://openalex.org/W6787466503","https://openalex.org/W6797905553","https://openalex.org/W6861363565"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2353254830","https://openalex.org/W2033952283","https://openalex.org/W2351210568","https://openalex.org/W2028421553","https://openalex.org/W2762687161","https://openalex.org/W2890072373","https://openalex.org/W2105973023","https://openalex.org/W3000002614","https://openalex.org/W2800192479","https://openalex.org/W2724724053"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Future":[0],"cellular":[1],"networks":[2,179],"are":[3],"expected":[4],"to":[5,184],"benefit":[6],"from":[7,128],"terahertz":[8],"(THz)":[9],"frequency":[10,74,92],"bands,":[11,41],"which":[12],"enable":[13],"high-speed":[14],"and":[15,36,45,73,81,99,112,116,142,157,169,180,192],"low-latency":[16],"wireless":[17,163,178],"connectivity,":[18],"but":[19],"several":[20],"challenges":[21,125],"have":[22],"arisen":[23],"in":[24],"utilizing":[25],"THz":[26,40,61,85,97,120,162,177],"bands.":[27],"In":[28,48],"this":[29,49],"paper,":[30],"we":[31,51,146],"first":[32],"investigate":[33,166],"channel":[34,54],"characteristics":[35,55],"their":[37,100,117,158],"modeling":[38,101],"for":[39,84,102,119,160],"highlighting":[42],"new":[43],"opportunities":[44],"emerging":[46,151],"challenges.":[47],"context,":[50],"discuss":[52,181],"the":[53,90,124,186,190],"that":[56,95,126,188],"become":[57],"more":[58],"prominent":[59],"at":[60,64,130],"frequencies":[62],"than":[63],"lower":[65],"microwave":[66],"frequencies,":[67,132],"such":[68,133,195],"as":[69,134],"atmospheric":[70],"attenuation,":[71],"scattering,":[72],"selectivity.":[75],"We":[76,87,107,122,165],"also":[77],"review":[78,109],"various":[79],"path-loss":[80],"scattering":[82],"models":[83],"communications.":[86,121],"further":[88],"survey":[89],"radio":[91],"front-end":[93],"nonlinearities":[94],"affect":[96,189],"communications":[98],"multiple-input":[103],"multiple-output":[104],"(MIMO)":[105],"systems.":[106,196],"then":[108],"massive":[110,170],"MIMO":[111,171],"hybrid":[113],"beamforming":[114],"techniques,":[115],"applicability":[118],"identify":[123],"arise":[127],"operating":[129],"ultra-high":[131],"beam":[135,143],"blockage,":[136],"power":[137],"consumption":[138],"of":[139,150,194],"large-scale":[140],"arrays,":[141],"squint.":[144],"Finally,":[145],"provide":[147],"an":[148],"overview":[149],"intelligent":[152],"reflecting":[153],"surface":[154],"(IRS)":[155],"technologies":[156,172],"potential":[159],"enhancing":[161],"networks.":[164],"how":[167],"IRS":[168],"can":[173],"be":[174],"integrated":[175],"into":[176],"possible":[182],"solutions":[183],"overcome":[185],"limitations":[187],"throughput":[191],"efficiency":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}