{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387682334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3325193","title":"Highly Efficient Circularly Polarized Radial Line Slot Array Antenna Using Non-Uniform Slot Density for 5G Communication System","display_name":"Highly Efficient Circularly Polarized Radial Line Slot Array Antenna Using Non-Uniform Slot Density for 5G Communication System","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387682334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3325193"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3325193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3325193","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10286491.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10286491.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021783862","display_name":"Onur Cumurcu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6106-1227"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198068145","display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9kkr77","country_code":"TR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198068145"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141511","display_name":"TUBITAK BILGEM","ror":"https://ror.org/057kvja37","country_code":"TR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210141511"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Onur Cumurcu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Informatics and Information Security Research Center (BİLGEM), The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK), İzmit, Kocaeli, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6106-1227","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Informatics and Information Security Research Center (BİLGEM), The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK), İzmit, Kocaeli, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198068145","https://openalex.org/I4210141511"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053926367","display_name":"Hamid Torpi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-6605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4101805","display_name":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0547yzj13","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamid Torpi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035519885","display_name":"Alper \u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4608-8023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4101805","display_name":"Y\u0131ld\u0131z Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/0547yzj13","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alper Caliskan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4608-8023","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4101805"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021783862"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198068145","https://openalex.org/I4210141511"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.7666,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92362867,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"115688","last_page":"115698"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slot-antenna","display_name":"Slot antenna","score":0.6915754675865173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radial-line","display_name":"Radial line","score":0.6386354565620422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.5780918598175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflection-coefficient","display_name":"Reflection coefficient","score":0.5108947157859802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aperture","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","score":0.49916601181030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-aperture","display_name":"Antenna aperture","score":0.47800934314727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4348601698875427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-efficiency","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","score":0.4216897487640381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflector","display_name":"Reflector (photography)","score":0.4206421375274658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directional-antenna","display_name":"Directional antenna","score":0.4188960790634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3809147775173187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.34242120385169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3267999291419983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiation-pattern","display_name":"Radiation pattern","score":0.2947707772254944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.2505704164505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2169649600982666}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109026120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2369099","display_name":"Slot antenna","level":4,"score":0.6915754675865173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94851619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211851","display_name":"Radial line","level":2,"score":0.6386354565620422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.5780918598175049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41700454","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1852282","display_name":"Reflection coefficient","level":2,"score":0.5108947157859802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78336883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4779385","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","level":2,"score":0.49916601181030273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137705275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571946","display_name":"Antenna aperture","level":4,"score":0.47800934314727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4348601698875427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160844929","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55604036","display_name":"Antenna efficiency","level":4,"score":0.4216897487640381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778415886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1823435","display_name":"Reflector (photography)","level":3,"score":0.4206421375274658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.4188960790634155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3809147775173187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.34242120385169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3267999291419983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151764478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q571921","display_name":"Radiation pattern","level":3,"score":0.2947707772254944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.2505704164505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2169649600982666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982854487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9128","display_name":"Light source","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3325193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3325193","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10286491.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:34f21113cf244ff49f6696b31d2d8cfe","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/34f21113cf244ff49f6696b31d2d8cfe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 115688-115698 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3325193","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3325193","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10286491.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387682334.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387682334.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965912782","https://openalex.org/W1965959849","https://openalex.org/W1998268732","https://openalex.org/W2040647576","https://openalex.org/W2041134563","https://openalex.org/W2057306934","https://openalex.org/W2061109501","https://openalex.org/W2068141439","https://openalex.org/W2084365064","https://openalex.org/W2144517182","https://openalex.org/W2170988525","https://openalex.org/W2171701889","https://openalex.org/W2179566027","https://openalex.org/W2541517434","https://openalex.org/W2550726429","https://openalex.org/W2758050814","https://openalex.org/W2792865809","https://openalex.org/W2964957713","https://openalex.org/W2982241278","https://openalex.org/W2987807748","https://openalex.org/W3034798149","https://openalex.org/W3042102462","https://openalex.org/W3045628173","https://openalex.org/W3103480629","https://openalex.org/W3104152561","https://openalex.org/W3129824014","https://openalex.org/W3163732505","https://openalex.org/W3166952015","https://openalex.org/W4206403347","https://openalex.org/W4281390870","https://openalex.org/W4328010960","https://openalex.org/W6729540990","https://openalex.org/W6744133315"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2003063566","https://openalex.org/W2123962597","https://openalex.org/W2151200539","https://openalex.org/W3182237860","https://openalex.org/W2115033854","https://openalex.org/W2592344657","https://openalex.org/W2911350258","https://openalex.org/W2330364978","https://openalex.org/W1675885825","https://openalex.org/W2557470478"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Radial":[0],"Line":[1],"Slot":[2],"Array":[3],"(RLSA)":[4],"antennas":[5,27,34,90],"have":[6],"appealing":[7],"features":[8],"including":[9],"high":[10,13],"gain":[11,164],"and":[12,96,121,132,168,195,198],"efficiency":[14,37,53,131,160],"combined":[15],"with":[16,56],"a":[17,44,57,141],"low":[18],"profile.":[19],"Especially":[20],"by":[21],"highlighting":[22],"their":[23],"structural":[24],"simplicity,":[25],"RLSA":[26,80,89],"can":[28],"be":[29],"good":[30,208],"competitors":[31],"to":[32,49,85,137],"reflector":[33],"if":[35],"the":[36,51,72,79,104,108,117,139,153,178,182],"parameters":[38],"are":[39,98,202],"improved.":[40],"In":[41,135],"this":[42,69],"article,":[43],"novel":[45],"approach":[46],"is":[47,71,187],"presented":[48],"improve":[50],"aperture":[52,130,159],"of":[54,60,68,74,92,106,152,161,165,171],"RLSAs,":[55],"significant":[58,123],"increase":[59],"around":[61],"10%":[62],"being":[63],"achieved.":[64],"The":[65,149],"core":[66],"principle":[67],"method":[70],"use":[73],"non-uniform":[75,86],"slot":[76,87,110],"density":[77,111],"on":[78,100,116],"antenna":[81,143,155,183],"rings,":[82],"in":[83,128],"addition":[84],"length.":[88],"consist":[91],"many":[93],"spiral":[94,119],"rings":[95],"slots":[97],"placed":[99],"these":[101],"rings.":[102],"With":[103],"help":[105],"new":[107],"concept,":[109,140],"has":[112,125],"been":[113,126],"increased":[114],"especially":[115],"outer":[118],"lines,":[120],"thus":[122],"improvement":[124],"achieved":[127],"both":[129],"return":[133],"loss.":[134],"order":[136],"verify":[138],"prototype":[142,154],"was":[144],"fabricated":[145],"at":[146,176],"26":[147],"GHz.":[148],"measured":[150],"results":[151],"show":[156],"an":[157],"excellent":[158],"45%,":[162],"peak":[163],"30.3":[166],"dB,":[167,205],"axial":[169],"ratio":[170],"less":[172,188],"than":[173,189],"3":[174],"dB":[175,191],"operating":[177],"frequency":[179],"band.":[180],"Also,":[181],"reflection":[184],"coefficient":[185],"value":[186],"-10":[190],"between":[192],"24.75":[193],"GHz":[194,197],"27.5":[196],"side":[199],"lobe":[200],"levels":[201],"below":[203],"18":[204],"which":[206],"indicate":[207],"pattern":[209],"characteristic.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}