{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387415281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3322587","title":"Multiclass Paddy Disease Detection Using Filter-Based Feature Transformation Technique","display_name":"Multiclass Paddy Disease Detection Using Filter-Based Feature Transformation Technique","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387415281","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3322587"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3322587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3322587","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10273722.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10273722.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052378073","display_name":"N. Bharanidharan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. Bharanidharan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems (SCORE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9064-8238","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems (SCORE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043972731","display_name":"S. R. Sannasi Chakravarthy","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. R. Sannasi Chakravarthy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0162-7206","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022354867","display_name":"Harikumar Rajaguru","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-0945"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harikumar Rajaguru","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2792-0945","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046995850","display_name":"V. Vinoth Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1070-3212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I876193797","display_name":"Vellore Institute of Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00qzypv28","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Vinoth Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems (SCORE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1070-3212","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science Engineering and Information Systems (SCORE), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I876193797"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089547582","display_name":"T R Mahesh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5589-8992"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106826634","display_name":"Jain University","ror":"https://ror.org/01cnqpt53","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106826634"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. R. Mahesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bengaluru, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5589-8992","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, JAIN (Deemed-to-be University), Bengaluru, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106826634"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093019773","display_name":"Suresh Guluwadi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I865572129","display_name":"Adama Science and Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ccba128","country_code":"ET","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I865572129"]}],"countries":["ET"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suresh Guluwadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7905-3014","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, Adama Science and Technology University, Adama, Ethiopia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I865572129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":19.3612,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":64,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99423595,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"109477","last_page":"109487"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9883999824523926,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10494","display_name":"Plant Virus Research Studies","score":0.9593999981880188,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7514330148696899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6110798716545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6065248250961304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5794775485992432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.545092761516571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram","display_name":"Histogram","score":0.5321907997131348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.482940137386322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histogram-of-oriented-gradients","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","score":0.47850218415260315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-discriminant-analysis","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","score":0.454056054353714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.4358747899532318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3342498242855072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.1159205436706543}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7514330148696899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6110798716545105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6065248250961304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5794775485992432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.545092761516571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53533937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185020","display_name":"Histogram","level":3,"score":0.5321907997131348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.482940137386322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17426736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419918","display_name":"Histogram of oriented gradients","level":4,"score":0.47850218415260315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69738355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1228929","display_name":"Linear discriminant analysis","level":2,"score":0.454056054353714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.4358747899532318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3342498242855072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.1159205436706543}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3322587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3322587","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10273722.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5d9daeb7a80640d5a6a9b71c355978c5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5d9daeb7a80640d5a6a9b71c355978c5","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 109477-109487 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3322587","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3322587","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10273722.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387415281.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387415281.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W81458775","https://openalex.org/W429766147","https://openalex.org/W1512004924","https://openalex.org/W2001291246","https://openalex.org/W2152195021","https://openalex.org/W2155632266","https://openalex.org/W2167346103","https://openalex.org/W2232317135","https://openalex.org/W2252344588","https://openalex.org/W2322597986","https://openalex.org/W2342603028","https://openalex.org/W2404934220","https://openalex.org/W2426747369","https://openalex.org/W2510855144","https://openalex.org/W2731165298","https://openalex.org/W2733809450","https://openalex.org/W2756291343","https://openalex.org/W2790849663","https://openalex.org/W2792879751","https://openalex.org/W2795016359","https://openalex.org/W2803172154","https://openalex.org/W2805668621","https://openalex.org/W2894759909","https://openalex.org/W2895319015","https://openalex.org/W2915159483","https://openalex.org/W3012025196","https://openalex.org/W3015562698","https://openalex.org/W3040530511","https://openalex.org/W3163400780","https://openalex.org/W4211231072","https://openalex.org/W4220712986","https://openalex.org/W4280648719","https://openalex.org/W4303578926","https://openalex.org/W4308545719","https://openalex.org/W4383899644","https://openalex.org/W4386365388","https://openalex.org/W4387058954","https://openalex.org/W6630492528","https://openalex.org/W6713682314","https://openalex.org/W6749302402","https://openalex.org/W6749416627","https://openalex.org/W6751424746","https://openalex.org/W6752344680","https://openalex.org/W6780267097","https://openalex.org/W6809074165"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2889302474","https://openalex.org/W4288315282","https://openalex.org/W2951122819","https://openalex.org/W2071599417","https://openalex.org/W2048716406","https://openalex.org/W1870444468","https://openalex.org/W1964725559","https://openalex.org/W3109748140","https://openalex.org/W2045053268","https://openalex.org/W2433492094"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Pests":[0],"and":[1,10,115,129,136,145,157,173,189],"diseases":[2,27,69,105],"are":[3,119,140,151,178],"the":[4,13,63,76,89,97,195,206,215],"big":[5],"issues":[6],"in":[7,121],"paddy":[8,68,80,104,135,138],"production":[9],"they":[11],"make":[12],"farmers":[14],"to":[15,48],"lose":[16],"around":[17],"20%":[18],"of":[19,24,44,65,79,91,126,197,209],"rice":[20,25,107],"yield":[21],"world-wide.":[22],"Identification":[23],"leaves":[26,139],"at":[28],"early":[29],"stage":[30],"through":[31,70,88],"thermal":[32,77,131,155],"image":[33,156],"cameras":[34],"will":[35],"be":[36],"helpful":[37],"for":[38,61,95,219],"avoiding":[39],"such":[40],"losses.":[41],"The":[42,82],"objective":[43],"this":[45,122],"work":[46],"is":[47,86,192,211],"implement":[49],"a":[50,56],"Modified":[51,99,202],"Lemurs":[52,84,100,203],"Optimization":[53,85,94,101],"Algorithm":[54],"as":[55],"filter-based":[57],"feature":[58,198,217],"transformation":[59],"technique":[60],"enhancing":[62],"accuracy":[64,185,208],"detecting":[66],"various":[67],"machine":[71,159],"learning":[72,160],"techniques":[73,161],"by":[74,194,213],"processing":[75],"images":[78,132],"leaves.":[81],"original":[83],"altered":[87],"inspiration":[90],"Sine":[92],"Cosine":[93],"developing":[96],"proposed":[98,216],"Algorithm.":[102],"Five":[103],"namely":[106,162],"blast,":[108],"brown":[109],"leaf":[110,112,117],"spot,":[111],"folder,":[113],"hispa,":[114],"bacterial":[116],"blight":[118],"considered":[120],"work.":[123],"A":[124],"total":[125],"six":[127],"hundred":[128],"thirty-six":[130],"including":[133],"healthy":[134],"diseased":[137],"analysed.":[141],"Seven":[142],"statistical":[143,149],"features":[144,150],"seven":[146],"Box-Cox":[147],"transformed":[148],"extracted":[152],"from":[153],"each":[154],"four":[158],"K-Nearest":[163,220],"Neighbor":[164,221],"classifier,":[165,168],"Random":[166],"Forest":[167],"Linear":[169],"Discriminant":[170],"Analysis":[171],"Classifier,":[172],"Histogram":[174],"Gradient":[175],"Boosting":[176],"Classifier":[177],"tested.":[179],"All":[180],"these":[181],"classifiers":[182],"provide":[183],"balanced":[184,207],"less":[186],"than":[187],"65%":[188],"their":[190],"performance":[191],"improved":[193],"usage":[196],"transform":[199,218],"based":[200],"on":[201],"Optimization.":[204],"Especially,":[205],"90%":[210],"achieved":[212],"using":[214],"classifier.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":27},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}