{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387146039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3320286","title":"Assisted Partial Take-Over in Conditionally Automated Driving: A User Study","display_name":"Assisted Partial Take-Over in Conditionally Automated Driving: A User Study","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387146039","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3320286"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3320286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3320286","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10265866.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10265866.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029915523","display_name":"Timotej Gruden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-9832"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153976015","display_name":"University of Ljubljana","ror":"https://ror.org/05njb9z20","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Timotej Gruden","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-9832","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002641262","display_name":"Jaka Sodnik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8915-9493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153976015","display_name":"University of Ljubljana","ror":"https://ror.org/05njb9z20","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaka Sodnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8915-9493","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023409112","display_name":"Grega Jakus","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9373-7885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153976015","display_name":"University of Ljubljana","ror":"https://ror.org/05njb9z20","country_code":"SI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}],"countries":["SI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grega Jakus","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153976015"],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":1.8536,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85249082,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"107940","last_page":"107957"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6827415227890015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5764369368553162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.5511674880981445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.5283691883087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.49094250798225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-awareness","display_name":"Situation awareness","score":0.467373788356781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-simulator","display_name":"Driving simulator","score":0.43701666593551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collision","display_name":"Collision","score":0.4292711913585663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-dynamics","display_name":"Vehicle dynamics","score":0.4277185797691345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.3969075083732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automotive-engineering","display_name":"Automotive engineering","score":0.2564375400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2303699254989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1727253496646881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17115086317062378}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6827415227890015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5764369368553162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5511674880981445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.5283691883087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.49094250798225403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.467373788356781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780689630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081815","display_name":"Driving simulator","level":2,"score":0.43701666593551636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121704057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352070","display_name":"Collision","level":2,"score":0.4292711913585663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79487989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q934680","display_name":"Vehicle dynamics","level":2,"score":0.4277185797691345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3969075083732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171146098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124192","display_name":"Automotive engineering","level":1,"score":0.2564375400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2303699254989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1727253496646881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17115086317062378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3320286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3320286","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10265866.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:caac6b171a8346d3a3507354a5c800d3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/caac6b171a8346d3a3507354a5c800d3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 107940-107957 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3320286","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3320286","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10265866.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G213763129","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"875597","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3622142383","display_name":"Holistic Approach for Driver Role Integration and Automation Allocation for European Mobility Needs","funder_award_id":"875597","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G434337789","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"HORIZON2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6910348405","display_name":"ICT4QoL - Information and Communications Technologies for Quality of Life","funder_award_id":"P2-0246","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","funder_display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7523564354","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"P2-0246","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322554","display_name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","ror":"https://ror.org/059bp8k51"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332999","display_name":"Horizon 2020 Framework Programme","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387146039.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387146039.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":69,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973293254","https://openalex.org/W1973748529","https://openalex.org/W2033748464","https://openalex.org/W2087271627","https://openalex.org/W2092187344","https://openalex.org/W2108176795","https://openalex.org/W2117074369","https://openalex.org/W2195950205","https://openalex.org/W2307564811","https://openalex.org/W2340043522","https://openalex.org/W2506897383","https://openalex.org/W2567214837","https://openalex.org/W2568359705","https://openalex.org/W2579937995","https://openalex.org/W2589100236","https://openalex.org/W2594910663","https://openalex.org/W2596596865","https://openalex.org/W2739728427","https://openalex.org/W2747921057","https://openalex.org/W2757641805","https://openalex.org/W2765706707","https://openalex.org/W2770450151","https://openalex.org/W2772350555","https://openalex.org/W2773870697","https://openalex.org/W2780414687","https://openalex.org/W2795577589","https://openalex.org/W2799397126","https://openalex.org/W2898915764","https://openalex.org/W2940886611","https://openalex.org/W2943527661","https://openalex.org/W3007314681","https://openalex.org/W3116741672","https://openalex.org/W3122414281","https://openalex.org/W3164742780","https://openalex.org/W3186981384","https://openalex.org/W3208469828","https://openalex.org/W3213292512","https://openalex.org/W4200130467","https://openalex.org/W4200152869","https://openalex.org/W4210655804","https://openalex.org/W4214546014","https://openalex.org/W4224216083","https://openalex.org/W4280551377","https://openalex.org/W4281764593","https://openalex.org/W4282966957","https://openalex.org/W4283012772","https://openalex.org/W4283778797","https://openalex.org/W4284887315","https://openalex.org/W4284975688","https://openalex.org/W4285241471","https://openalex.org/W4285813089","https://openalex.org/W4286284882","https://openalex.org/W4289522233","https://openalex.org/W4293153160","https://openalex.org/W4293732288","https://openalex.org/W4294007254","https://openalex.org/W4295064321","https://openalex.org/W4295791128","https://openalex.org/W4296306279","https://openalex.org/W4297463969","https://openalex.org/W4297493288","https://openalex.org/W4297884045","https://openalex.org/W4297884085","https://openalex.org/W4297884090","https://openalex.org/W4312471350","https://openalex.org/W4316021911","https://openalex.org/W4378907307","https://openalex.org/W6743202491","https://openalex.org/W6762023459"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3113932901","https://openalex.org/W3024912289","https://openalex.org/W2415747217","https://openalex.org/W650625605","https://openalex.org/W2143767096","https://openalex.org/W2561023719","https://openalex.org/W4382644910","https://openalex.org/W2801025257","https://openalex.org/W2078176019","https://openalex.org/W1970300311"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"discusses":[2],"the":[3,14,27,33,42,58,62,66,69,78,92,107,113,119,130,139,157,163,188,194,212,222],"concept":[4],"of":[5,13,32,65,84,118,123,138,199,224],"take-over":[6,93],"(TO)":[7],"in":[8,171,178,197,260],"conditionally":[9],"automated":[10],"vehicles.":[11],"Most":[12],"current":[15],"studies":[16],"consider":[17],"TO":[18,195],"as":[19,148,150,250,252],"a":[20,125,172,179,218],"discrete":[21],"event":[22],"that":[23,41,187],"is":[24,132,142],"completed":[25],"when":[26],"driver":[28,43,108,131,206],"takes":[29,55],"full":[30,126],"control":[31,137],"vehicle.":[34],"Two":[35],"problems":[36,75],"with":[37,144,175],"this":[38],"approach":[39,105,191,214,254],"are":[40],"1)":[44],"needs":[45],"time":[46,158,232,238],"to":[47,91,109,159,185,209,233,239],"gain":[48],"sufficient":[49],"situational":[50],"awareness":[51],"and":[52,76,82,98,141,153,202,236,245,256],"2)":[53],"sometimes":[54],"over":[56,111],"only":[57,61,112,227],"lateral":[59,114],"or":[60,115],"longitudinal":[63,116],"coordination":[64,117],"vehicle,":[67],"neglecting":[68],"other.":[70],"To":[71],"overcome":[72],"these":[73],"two":[74,88],"increase":[77],"quality":[79,196],"(effectiveness,":[80],"efficiency,":[81],"satisfaction)":[83],"TO,":[85,225],"we":[86],"propose":[87],"new":[89],"approaches":[90,168],"process:":[94],"partial":[95],"take-overs":[96,100],"(PTO)":[97],"assisted":[99,143],"(ATO).":[101],"The":[102,167],"proposed":[103,189],"PTO":[104,213,246],"allows":[106],"take":[110],"vehicle":[120,140],"separately,":[121],"instead":[122],"assuming":[124],"TO.":[127],"With":[128],"ATO,":[129],"monitored":[133],"even":[134],"after":[135],"taking":[136],"automatic":[145],"soft":[146],"braking":[147,155,235],"well":[149],"additional":[151],"warning":[152],"emergency":[154],"if":[156],"collision":[160],"falls":[161],"below":[162],"appropriate":[164],"critical":[165],"levels.":[166],"were":[169,183,247],"evaluated":[170],"user":[173,263],"study":[174],"44":[176],"participants":[177],"driving":[180],"simulator.":[181],"We":[182],"able":[184],"confirm":[186],"ATO":[190,244],"significantly":[192,229],"improves":[193],"terms":[198],"both":[200],"effectiveness":[201,223],"efficiency":[203],"without":[204],"compromising":[205],"satisfaction.":[207],"Contrary":[208],"our":[210],"expectations,":[211],"did":[215],"not":[216],"have":[217],"significant":[219],"effect":[220],"on":[221],"but":[226],"provided":[228],"lower":[230],"reaction":[231],"first":[234],"longer":[237],"lane":[240],"crossing.":[241],"When":[242],"combined,":[243],"at":[248],"least":[249],"useful":[251],"either":[253],"individually":[255],"should":[257],"be":[258],"considered":[259],"future":[261],"TOR":[262],"interfaces.":[264]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-04T08:18:43.703281","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
