{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386903087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3317276","title":"Automated Image Captioning Using Sparrow Search Algorithm With Improved Deep Learning Model","display_name":"Automated Image Captioning Using Sparrow Search Algorithm With Improved Deep Learning Model","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386903087","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3317276"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3317276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3317276","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10256186.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10256186.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025765588","display_name":"Munya A. Arasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8536-0010"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Munya A. Arasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, College of Science and Arts in Rijal Almaa, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8536-0010","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, College of Science and Arts in Rijal Almaa, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035640144","display_name":"Haya Mesfer Alshahrani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3881-087X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haya Mesfer Alshahrani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Systems, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081993927","display_name":"Nuha Alruwais","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0119-869X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuha Alruwais","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Applied Studies and Community Services, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Applied Studies and Community Services, King Saud University, P.O.Box 22459, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0119-869X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Applied Studies and Community Services, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Applied Studies and Community Services, King Saud University, P.O.Box 22459, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068423119","display_name":"Abdelwahed Motwakel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4084-5457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142608572","display_name":"Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdelwahed Motwakel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management Information Systems, College of Business Administration Hawtat Bani Tamim, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4084-5457","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management Information Systems, College of Business Administration Hawtat Bani Tamim, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111043072","display_name":"Noura Abdelaziz Ahmed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142608572","display_name":"Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noura Abdelaziz Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Self Development, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Self Development, Preparatory Year Deanship, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142608572"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109598022","display_name":"Abdullah Mohamed","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186217134","display_name":"Future University in Egypt","ror":"https://ror.org/03s8c2x09","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186217134"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdullah Mohamed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Centre, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Centre, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186217134"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.3578,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9074255,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"104633","last_page":"104642"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9753999710083008,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closed-captioning","display_name":"Closed captioning","score":0.9774075746536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8339731693267822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7076545357704163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5620922446250916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.49578866362571716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.48375368118286133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4685096740722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4663298428058624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperparameter","display_name":"Hyperparameter","score":0.46223360300064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.45135462284088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.43517377972602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4125105142593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.4118436574935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4113699495792389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.40660470724105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.33189600706100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3282015323638916}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157657479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2367247","display_name":"Closed captioning","level":3,"score":0.9774075746536255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8339731693267822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7076545357704163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5620922446250916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.49578866362571716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.48375368118286133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4685096740722656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4663298428058624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8642999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4171168","display_name":"Hyperparameter","level":2,"score":0.46223360300064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.45135462284088135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.43517377972602844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4125105142593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4118436574935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4113699495792389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.40660470724105835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.33189600706100464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3282015323638916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3317276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3317276","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10256186.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:e949504da2b9450686c6356f2ac14448","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/e949504da2b9450686c6356f2ac14448","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 104633-104642 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3317276","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3317276","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10256186.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1742795257","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RSPD2023R608","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2246833281","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PSAU/2023/R/1444","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311227","funder_display_name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2348188658","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGP2/61/44","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324433","funder_display_name":"King Khalid University"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6971359810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PNURSP2023R237","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311227","display_name":"Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jt46d36"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324433","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386903087.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386903087.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1861492603","https://openalex.org/W1895577753","https://openalex.org/W2550553598","https://openalex.org/W2896348597","https://openalex.org/W2980464951","https://openalex.org/W2991252721","https://openalex.org/W3017628311","https://openalex.org/W3093735614","https://openalex.org/W3119689583","https://openalex.org/W3128049501","https://openalex.org/W3177245238","https://openalex.org/W3185154749","https://openalex.org/W3195588784","https://openalex.org/W3195680250","https://openalex.org/W3207611353","https://openalex.org/W3216130706","https://openalex.org/W4206327082","https://openalex.org/W4206342161","https://openalex.org/W4213189167","https://openalex.org/W4220798687","https://openalex.org/W4220968371","https://openalex.org/W4283698627","https://openalex.org/W4285491539","https://openalex.org/W4289109327","https://openalex.org/W4292171917","https://openalex.org/W4304098320","https://openalex.org/W6798885000"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210416330","https://openalex.org/W3088136942","https://openalex.org/W2949362007","https://openalex.org/W2775506363","https://openalex.org/W4290852288","https://openalex.org/W4388893791","https://openalex.org/W4283207562","https://openalex.org/W2963177403","https://openalex.org/W2330246314","https://openalex.org/W3009270862"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Image":[0,117],"captioning":[1,45,83,178,237],"is":[2,201],"a":[3,67],"deep":[4],"learning":[5,41],"technique":[6,135,153,182],"that":[7,64,98],"intends":[8],"to":[9,28,55,66,95,158,221],"create":[10],"and":[11,23,36,61,77,89,109,166,249,254],"generate":[12,37,62,96,159],"textual":[13,90,142],"descriptions":[14],"or":[15],"captions":[16,63,97,143],"for":[17,144],"images.":[18,147],"It":[19],"integrates":[20],"computer":[21,75],"vision":[22,76],"natural":[24,78],"language":[25,79],"processing":[26],"(NLP)":[27],"comprehend":[29],"the":[30,102,133,138,145,151,155,163,176,180,194,198,204,223,227,235,240],"visual":[31,71,88,103],"content":[32,104],"of":[33,59,70,132,141,162,197,213,226,239,246],"an":[34,115,184],"image":[35,44,82,177],"human-like":[38],"descriptions.":[39],"Deep":[40,125],"(DL)":[42],"based":[43],"models":[46,84],"can":[47,85],"be":[48],"trained":[49],"on":[50,218,251],"large-scale":[51],"datasets,":[52,256],"allowing":[53],"them":[54,94],"generalize":[56],"various":[57],"types":[58],"images":[60,165],"apply":[65],"wide":[68,211],"range":[69,212],"scenarios.":[72],"By":[73],"combining":[74],"processing,":[80],"DL-enabled":[81],"understand":[86],"both":[87],"information,":[91],"which":[92],"enables":[93],"not":[99],"only":[100],"describe":[101],"but":[105],"also":[106],"incorporate":[107],"contextual":[108],"semantic":[110],"information.":[111],"This":[112],"study":[113],"develops":[114],"Automated":[116],"Captioning":[118],"using":[119,173],"Sparrow":[120],"Search":[121],"Algorithm":[122],"with":[123,187,243],"Improved":[124],"Learning":[126],"(AIC-SSAIDL)":[127],"technique.":[128],"The":[129,230],"major":[130],"intention":[131],"AIC-SSAIDL":[134,152,181,228,241],"lies":[136],"in":[137],"automated":[139],"generation":[140],"input":[146,164],"To":[148],"accomplish":[149],"this,":[150],"utilizes":[154,183],"MobileNetv2":[156],"model":[157,200],"feature":[160],"descriptors":[161],"its":[167],"hyperparameter":[168,195],"tuning":[169],"process":[170],"takes":[171],"place":[172],"SSA.":[174],"For":[175],"process,":[179],"attention":[185],"mechanism":[186],"long":[188],"short-term":[189],"memory":[190],"(AM-LSTM)":[191],"network.":[192],"Finally,":[193],"selection":[196],"AM-LSTM":[199],"performed":[202],"by":[203],"fruit":[205],"fly":[206],"optimization":[207],"(FFO)":[208],"algorithm.":[209],"A":[210],"experiments":[214],"has":[215],"been":[216],"conducted":[217],"benchmark":[219],"data":[220],"depict":[222],"better":[224],"performance":[225],"method.":[229],"comprehensive":[231],"result":[232],"analysis":[233],"highlighted":[234],"enhanced":[236],"results":[238],"method":[242],"maximum":[244],"CIDEr":[245],"46.12,":[247],"61.89,":[248],"137.45":[250],"Flickr8k,":[252],"Flickr30k,":[253],"MSCOCO":[255],"respectively.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
