{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4386536277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3313189","title":"Sentiment Analysis Using Hybrid Model of Stacked Auto-Encoder-Based Feature Extraction and Long Short Term Memory-Based Classification Approach","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis Using Hybrid Model of Stacked Auto-Encoder-Based Feature Extraction and Long Short Term Memory-Based Classification Approach","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4386536277","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3313189"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3313189","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3313189","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10244022.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10244022.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101667408","display_name":"Iqra Kanwal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7658-174X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801349156","display_name":"University of Haripur","ror":"https://ror.org/05vtb1235","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iqra Kanwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan","Department of Information Technology, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7658-174X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656","https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055554784","display_name":"Fazli Wahid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4091-6817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801349156","display_name":"University of Haripur","ror":"https://ror.org/05vtb1235","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fazli Wahid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan","Department of Information Technology, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656","https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026401762","display_name":"Sikandar Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-8615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1323252656","display_name":"Information Technology University","ror":"https://ror.org/00ngv8j44","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801349156","display_name":"University of Haripur","ror":"https://ror.org/05vtb1235","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sikandar Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan","Department of Information Technology, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2753-8615","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1323252656","https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009015888","display_name":"Ateeq Ur Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5721-0867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801349156","display_name":"University of Haripur","ror":"https://ror.org/05vtb1235","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ateeq-Ur Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5721-0867","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801349156"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034896032","display_name":"Ahmed Alkhayyat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-3453"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131779051","display_name":"Iraqi University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wfhkb67","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131779051"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405259362","display_name":"Islamic University of Najaf","ror":"https://ror.org/024dzaa63","country_code":"IQ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405259362"]}],"countries":["IQ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Alkhayyat","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq","College of technical engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0962-3453","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131779051","https://openalex.org/I4405259362"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of technical engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131779051","https://openalex.org/I4405259362"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092774061","display_name":"Akram Al-Radaei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I288216842","display_name":"Thamar University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tsbkh63","country_code":"YE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I288216842"]}],"countries":["YE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akram Al-Radaei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Information Technology Department, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Information Technology Department, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I288216842"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":2.7687,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92155333,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"124181","last_page":"124197"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.48489999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11550","display_name":"Text and Document Classification Technologies","score":0.48489999771118164,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.46939998865127563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8372024893760681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7160778045654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6160804033279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sentiment-analysis","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","score":0.6036546230316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/softmax-function","display_name":"Softmax function","score":0.6031416058540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5578850507736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5358843207359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.501807451248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recurrent-neural-network","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","score":0.49044129252433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/naive-bayes-classifier","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","score":0.46547266840934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4598463773727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4408065676689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.44073134660720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoder","display_name":"Encoder","score":0.42867153882980347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.335606187582016}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8372024893760681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7160778045654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6160804033279419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66402592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271421","display_name":"Sentiment analysis","level":2,"score":0.6036546230316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188441871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554146","display_name":"Softmax function","level":3,"score":0.6031416058540344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5578850507736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5358843207359314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.501807451248169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147168706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1457734","display_name":"Recurrent neural network","level":3,"score":0.49044129252433777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52001869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812530","display_name":"Naive Bayes classifier","level":3,"score":0.46547266840934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4598463773727417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4408065676689148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.44073134660720825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.42867153882980347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.335606187582016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3313189","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3313189","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10244022.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5a95a6c0fd8145d0815ab06bc73c77b6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5a95a6c0fd8145d0815ab06bc73c77b6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 124181-124197 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3313189","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3313189","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10244022.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386536277.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4386536277.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W947140380","https://openalex.org/W2059724699","https://openalex.org/W2137704276","https://openalex.org/W2166707169","https://openalex.org/W2215041843","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2562439797","https://openalex.org/W2578505644","https://openalex.org/W2727995001","https://openalex.org/W2734205292","https://openalex.org/W2750747353","https://openalex.org/W2758321674","https://openalex.org/W2764130664","https://openalex.org/W2765369538","https://openalex.org/W2768163028","https://openalex.org/W2776202098","https://openalex.org/W2787037604","https://openalex.org/W2794284562","https://openalex.org/W2801716390","https://openalex.org/W2892137778","https://openalex.org/W2897494692","https://openalex.org/W2898234917","https://openalex.org/W2905807898","https://openalex.org/W2910215611","https://openalex.org/W2914767245","https://openalex.org/W2943547402","https://openalex.org/W2964236337","https://openalex.org/W2969145558","https://openalex.org/W2980708516","https://openalex.org/W3000271234","https://openalex.org/W3009008643","https://openalex.org/W3084150008","https://openalex.org/W3103801168","https://openalex.org/W3123673616","https://openalex.org/W3139140319","https://openalex.org/W3158281191","https://openalex.org/W3211167621","https://openalex.org/W4294170691","https://openalex.org/W4304814819","https://openalex.org/W4310716498","https://openalex.org/W4312680901","https://openalex.org/W4318570860","https://openalex.org/W6678885109","https://openalex.org/W6763701032","https://openalex.org/W6789673632"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3107204728","https://openalex.org/W4287591324","https://openalex.org/W4226420367","https://openalex.org/W2980176872","https://openalex.org/W2962876041","https://openalex.org/W3090555870","https://openalex.org/W3108503355","https://openalex.org/W2249953602","https://openalex.org/W2801655600","https://openalex.org/W2912971006"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,113,146,199,234,250],"reviews":[1],"of":[2,31,59,74,169,193,242],"customer":[3],"about":[4],"a":[5,52,57,240],"brand":[6],"or":[7],"product,":[8],"movie":[9],"reviews,":[10,14],"and":[11,40,61,72,81,161,173,231,244,268],"social":[12],"media":[13],"all":[15],"can":[16,55,62],"be":[17,63],"analyzed":[18],"through":[19,70],"sentiment":[20],"analysis.":[21],"Sentiment":[22],"analysis":[23],"is":[24,51,120,123,127,159,180,188,255],"used":[25,152,181,189],"to":[26,35,129,142,154,163,259],"identify":[27],"the":[28,37,66,139,156,170],"emotional":[29],"tone":[30],"language":[32],"in":[33,43,212],"order":[34],"comprehend":[36],"attitudes,":[38],"opinions,":[39],"feelings":[41],"represented":[42],"online":[44],"reviews.":[45],"As":[46],"for":[47,182,190],"large":[48],"data,":[49],"it":[50,132,211],"task":[53],"that":[54,124],"take":[56],"lot":[58],"time":[60],"automated":[64],"as":[65,257],"machine":[67,79],"will":[68],"learn":[69],"training":[71,215],"testing":[73,216],"data.":[75],"Previously,":[76],"various":[77],"standard":[78,260],"learning":[80,83],"deep":[82],"models":[84,261],"namely":[85,262],"Recurrent":[86,107],"Neural":[87,91],"Network":[88,92],"(RNN),":[89],"Convolutional":[90],"(CNN),":[93],"Long":[94],"Short":[95],"Term":[96],"Memory":[97],"(LSTM),":[98],"Na\u00efve":[99],"Bayes":[100],"(NB),":[101],"Support":[102],"Vector":[103],"Machine":[104],"(SVM),":[105],"Gated":[106],"Unit":[108],"(GRU)":[109],"have":[110],"been":[111,177,203],"used.":[112],"key":[114],"issue":[115],"on":[116,122,196,205],"which":[117],"our":[118],"research":[119],"focused":[121],"when":[125,151],"text":[126],"provided":[128],"LSTM":[130,174,187],"directly,":[131],"cannot":[133],"adequately":[134],"extract":[135],"informative":[136,184],"features":[137],"from":[138],"text,":[140],"leading":[141],"less":[143],"accurate":[144],"findings.":[145],"Stacked":[147,171],"Auto-encoder\u2019s":[148],"softmax":[149],"layer,":[150],"directly":[153],"categorize":[155],"extracted":[157,197],"features,":[158],"power-constrained":[160],"unable":[162],"do":[164],"so":[165],"accurately.":[166],"A":[167],"hybrid":[168,235,252],"Auto-encoder":[172],"model":[175,201],"has":[176,202],"proposed.":[178],"SAE":[179],"relevant":[183],"feature":[185],"extraction.":[186],"further":[191],"classification":[192,225],"sentiments":[194,246],"based":[195],"features.":[198],"proposed":[200,251],"evaluated":[204],"an":[206],"IMDB":[207],"dataset":[208],"by":[209],"splitting":[210],"5":[213],"different":[214],"ratios":[217],"using":[218],"performance":[219],"evaluation":[220],"metrics":[221],"viz.":[222],"confusion":[223],"matrix,":[224],"accuracy,":[226],"precision,":[227],"recall,":[228],"sensitivity,":[229],"specificity,":[230],"F1":[232],"score.":[233],"results":[236],"perform":[237],"best":[238],"at":[239],"ratio":[241],"90/10,":[243],"classifying":[245],"with":[247],"87%":[248],"accuracy.":[249],"model\u2019s":[253],"accuracy":[254],"better":[256],"compared":[258],"RNN,":[263],"CNN,":[264],"LSTM,":[265],"NB,":[266],"SVM,":[267],"GRU.":[269]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
