{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385627197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3302348","title":"Lightweight Open Data Assimilation of Pan-European Urban Air Quality","display_name":"Lightweight Open Data Assimilation of Pan-European Urban Air Quality","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385627197","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3302348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3302348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3302348","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10210046.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10210046.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016057830","display_name":"Lizaveta Miasayedava","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6217-1230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111112146","display_name":"Tallinn University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0443cwa12","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lizaveta Miasayedava","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Laboratory for Proactive Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia","Department of Computer Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, Estonia","Research Laboratory for Proactive Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6217-1230","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Laboratory for Proactive Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Laboratory for Proactive Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028226708","display_name":"Jaanus Kaugerand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8678-0295"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111112146","display_name":"Tallinn University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0443cwa12","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaanus Kaugerand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Laboratory for Proactive Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia","Research Laboratory for Proactive Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Laboratory for Proactive Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Laboratory for Proactive Technologies, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063794814","display_name":"Jeffrey A. Tuhtan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0832-7334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111112146","display_name":"Tallinn University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0443cwa12","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey A. Tuhtan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia","Department of Computer Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0832-7334","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Systems, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, Tallinn, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111112146"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":0.3963,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.60356078,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"84670","last_page":"84688"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12120","display_name":"Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-assimilation","display_name":"Data assimilation","score":0.7965808510780334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7047327756881714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-quality","display_name":"Data quality","score":0.6214101314544678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.5883205533027649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/missing-data","display_name":"Missing data","score":0.5656633377075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/air-quality-index","display_name":"Air quality index","score":0.5086882710456848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bottleneck","display_name":"Bottleneck","score":0.45394212007522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.4285542666912079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.16398456692695618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.1409113109111786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09694686532020569}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24552861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2670177","display_name":"Data assimilation","level":2,"score":0.7965808510780334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7047327756881714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24756922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757694","display_name":"Data quality","level":3,"score":0.6214101314544678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.5883205533027649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9357733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6878417","display_name":"Missing data","level":2,"score":0.5656633377075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126314574","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364111","display_name":"Air quality index","level":2,"score":0.5086882710456848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.45394212007522583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.4285542666912079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.16398456692695618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.1409113109111786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09694686532020569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3302348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3302348","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10210046.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b7305fe408f444c1838a98612d2e9554","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b7305fe408f444c1838a98612d2e9554","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 84670-84688 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3302348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3302348","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10210046.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338080","display_name":"European Social Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385627197.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385627197.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1566514058","https://openalex.org/W1973761432","https://openalex.org/W2006631209","https://openalex.org/W2009104157","https://openalex.org/W2019577161","https://openalex.org/W2022435280","https://openalex.org/W2027250351","https://openalex.org/W2111787305","https://openalex.org/W2342271790","https://openalex.org/W2731171009","https://openalex.org/W2939342646","https://openalex.org/W2955092811","https://openalex.org/W2965420806","https://openalex.org/W2981978466","https://openalex.org/W3017754900","https://openalex.org/W3024586220","https://openalex.org/W3043538767","https://openalex.org/W3114111961","https://openalex.org/W3123421430","https://openalex.org/W3123637654","https://openalex.org/W3130437407","https://openalex.org/W3161674013","https://openalex.org/W3177329556","https://openalex.org/W3207856681","https://openalex.org/W3217660750","https://openalex.org/W4380081086","https://openalex.org/W6676780147"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2595172197","https://openalex.org/W2084856301","https://openalex.org/W2127970246","https://openalex.org/W2885125400","https://openalex.org/W1989889224","https://openalex.org/W4382618745","https://openalex.org/W1973775000","https://openalex.org/W2748922771","https://openalex.org/W1987128138","https://openalex.org/W2743976221"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,189,213,275,360],"number":[1,426],"of":[2,42,59,96,204,238,348,395,423,427,429],"ambient":[3],"air":[4,22,31,84,270,398,433],"quality":[5,32,78,85,271,399,422,434],"monitoring":[6,33,86,272],"stations":[7,88,281,285,293,301,309,317],"is":[8,48,99,116,245],"growing":[9,425],"globally,":[10],"driven":[11],"by":[12,21,79,105,200],"the":[13,54,60,154,202,205,223,233,239,260,324,333,343,358,371,381,384,396,406,420,424],"need":[14],"to":[15,50,53,69,156,196,221,231,266,329,369,418],"quantify":[16],"potential":[17],"health":[18],"risks":[19],"posed":[20],"pollution":[23],"on":[24,186,251],"urban":[25,432],"populations.":[26],"Reliable,":[27],"robust":[28],"and":[29,39,57,75,125,160,163,170,236,315,338,387,391,415],"interoperable":[30],"requires":[34],"observations":[35,74,81,162],"with":[36,89,138,254],"consistent":[37],"accuracy":[38,378],"low":[40],"amounts":[41],"missing":[43,71,158,376],"data.":[44,110,127,274],"In":[45,258],"practice,":[46],"this":[47,129,151,403],"challenging":[49],"achieve":[51],"due":[52],"measurement":[55],"limitations":[56],"complexity":[58],"physical":[61],"phenomena.":[62],"Data":[63],"assimilation":[64,98,115,137,183,216,262,364,385,409],"methods":[65,365,417],"are":[66,120,144,153,264],"widely":[67],"used":[68],"fill":[70],"or":[72],"faulty":[73],"improve":[76,232,370,419],"data":[77,97,136,140,159,182,207,211,215,249,276,363,421],"combining":[80],"from":[82,279,326,332,342],"fixed":[83],"ground":[87,388],"large-scale":[90,267],"numerical":[91],"models.":[92],"A":[93,111,242],"further":[94],"advantage":[95],"that":[100,117],"it":[101],"can":[102,218],"decrease":[103],"costs":[104],"reusing":[106],"existing":[107],"open":[108,139,268,397],"government":[109],"key":[112],"requirement":[113],"for":[114,122,134,282,286,294,302,310,318,345,393],"uncertainty":[118,142],"estimates":[119,143],"available":[121],"both":[123],"measurements":[124],"model":[126,164],"However,":[128],"poses":[130],"a":[131,192],"major":[132],"bottleneck":[133],"widespread":[135],"because":[141],"frequently":[145],"unavailable.":[146],"Additional":[147],"challenges":[148],"addressed":[149],"in":[150,227,323,374,402],"work":[152],"needs":[155],"impute":[157],"process":[161],"simulation":[165,340],"results":[166,341,386],"at":[167,357],"different":[168],"temporal":[169],"spatial":[171],"scales.":[172],"To":[173],"address":[174],"these":[175],"challenges,":[176],"we":[177],"have":[178],"developed":[179],"novel,":[180],"lightweight":[181,214,362,408],"algorithms":[184,190,217,263,410],"based":[185,250],"recursive":[187],"least-squares.":[188],"provide":[191,413],"fully":[193],"data-driven":[194],"way":[195],"estimate":[197,226],"unknown":[198],"uncertainties":[199],"defining":[201],"weights":[203],"input":[206],"sources":[208],"using":[209,247],"least-squares":[210],"assimilation.":[212],"be":[219],"executed":[220],"update":[222],"current":[224],"state":[225],"near":[228],"real-time":[229],"scenarios":[230],"accuracy,":[234],"completeness,":[235],"precision":[237,392],"analysis":[240,244],"estimate.":[241],"sensitivity":[243],"conducted":[246],"synthetic":[248],"logistic":[252],"maps":[253],"increasing":[255],"noise":[256],"levels.":[257],"addition,":[259],"proposed":[261,361,407],"applied":[265],"pan-European":[269],"station":[273,389],"were":[277,366],"obtained":[278],"86":[280],"CO,":[283],"593":[284],"NO":[287],"<sub":[288,296,304,312,320],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[289,297,305,313,321],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sub>":[290,306],",":[291,299,307],"462":[292],"O":[295],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">3</sub>":[298],"137":[300],"SO":[303],"254":[308],"PM":[311,319],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2.5</sub>":[314],"445":[316],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">10</sub>":[322],"period":[325],"2022-01-27":[327],"01:00:00":[328],"2022-02-25":[330],"15:00:00":[331],"European":[334],"Environmental":[335],"Agency":[336],"(EEA)":[337],"corresponding":[339],"System":[344],"Integrated":[346],"modeLling":[347],"Atmospheric":[349],"composition":[350],"(SILAM,":[351],"global,":[352],"version":[353],"5.7,":[354],"FRC":[355],"forecasts":[356],"surface).":[359],"found":[367],"suitable":[368],"completeness":[372],"(filling":[373],"all":[375,394],"data),":[377],"(taken":[379],"as":[380],"RMSE":[382],"between":[383],"observations)":[390],"parameters":[400],"evaluated":[401],"work.":[404],"Furthermore,":[405],"may":[411],"also":[412],"new":[414],"cost-effective":[416],"Internet":[428],"Things":[430],"(IoT)":[431],"sensors.":[435]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}