{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4385453279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3300793","title":"Monkeypox Diagnosis With Interpretable Deep Learning","display_name":"Monkeypox Diagnosis With Interpretable Deep Learning","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4385453279","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3300793"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3300793","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3300793","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10198433.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10198433.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009817892","display_name":"Md Manjurul Ahsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0900-7930"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Manjurul Ahsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Machine and Hybrid Intelligence Laboratory, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0900-7930","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Machine and Hybrid Intelligence Laboratory, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070544183","display_name":"Md Shahin Ali","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2564-8746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40279923","display_name":"Islamic University","ror":"https://ror.org/04j1w0q97","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40279923"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Shahin Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2564-8746","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40279923"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057933111","display_name":"Md. Mehedi Hassan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-0968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124386471","display_name":"Khulna University","ror":"https://ror.org/05pny7s12","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124386471"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md. Mehedi Hassan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science and Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9890-0968","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science and Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124386471"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028764859","display_name":"Tareque Abu Abdullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4434-305X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177898655","display_name":"Lamar University","ror":"https://ror.org/008ms5s18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177898655"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tareque Abu Abdullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, USA","Department of Computer Science, Lamar University, Beaumont, Tx, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Lamar University, Beaumont, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177898655"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Lamar University, Beaumont, Tx, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177898655"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068262430","display_name":"Kishor Datta Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6867-2653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52064589","display_name":"Clark Atlanta University","ror":"https://ror.org/0397tsa92","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52064589"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kishor Datta Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer and Information Science, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer and Information Science, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52064589"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030188696","display_name":"Ula\u015f Ba\u011fc\u0131","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7379-6829"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ulas Bagci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, BME, and ECE, Machine and Hybrid Intelligence Laboratory, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA","Departments of Radiology, BME, and ECE, Machine and Hybrid Intelligence Lab, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, BME, and ECE, Machine and Hybrid Intelligence Laboratory, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Radiology, BME, and ECE, Machine and Hybrid Intelligence Lab, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921","https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058860649","display_name":"Chetna Kaushal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3298-5583"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74319210","display_name":"Chitkara University","ror":"https://ror.org/057d6z539","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chetna Kaushal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3298-5583","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74319210"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046897313","display_name":"Naglaa F. Soliman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-1857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106778892","display_name":"Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naglaa F. Soliman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7322-1857","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106778892"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"apc_paid":{"value":1850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1850},"fwci":8.8046,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":72,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98701973,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"81965","last_page":"81980"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11767","display_name":"Poxvirus research and outbreaks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11767","display_name":"Poxvirus research and outbreaks","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11515","display_name":"Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research","score":0.9957000017166138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11581","display_name":"Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monkeypox","display_name":"Monkeypox","score":0.8729627132415771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6646648645401001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5885007381439209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5000381469726562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.34063488245010376}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778011067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382370","display_name":"Monkeypox","level":5,"score":0.8729627132415771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6646648645401001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5885007381439209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5000381469726562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.34063488245010376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40767141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285697","display_name":"Recombinant DNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781356689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1986297","display_name":"Vaccinia","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3300793","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3300793","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10198433.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fd4d051338f04b8fa035ecad8a86fa13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fd4d051338f04b8fa035ecad8a86fa13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access, Vol 11, Pp 81965-81980 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/access.2023.3300793","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2023.3300793","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6287639/6514899/10198433.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2485537415","display_name":"IEEE Access","issn_l":"2169-3536","issn":["2169-3536"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Access","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G387868009","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"PNURSP2023R66","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","funder_display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322484","display_name":"Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University","ror":"https://ror.org/05b0cyh02"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385453279.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4385453279.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":63,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1967021382","https://openalex.org/W1993733064","https://openalex.org/W2021955343","https://openalex.org/W2118023920","https://openalex.org/W2160406000","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2282821441","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2756770081","https://openalex.org/W2769856846","https://openalex.org/W2772048380","https://openalex.org/W2775795276","https://openalex.org/W2883585595","https://openalex.org/W2963163009","https://openalex.org/W2964350391","https://openalex.org/W2995800682","https://openalex.org/W3013507463","https://openalex.org/W3013868197","https://openalex.org/W3085331204","https://openalex.org/W3098290156","https://openalex.org/W3108371194","https://openalex.org/W3113793841","https://openalex.org/W3131806186","https://openalex.org/W3158339832","https://openalex.org/W3159690776","https://openalex.org/W3163495485","https://openalex.org/W3165866168","https://openalex.org/W4206706211","https://openalex.org/W4220656052","https://openalex.org/W4220734405","https://openalex.org/W4220862305","https://openalex.org/W4225632040","https://openalex.org/W4226227952","https://openalex.org/W4239533237","https://openalex.org/W4281613651","https://openalex.org/W4281885183","https://openalex.org/W4283366580","https://openalex.org/W4284965304","https://openalex.org/W4291018877","https://openalex.org/W4293009360","https://openalex.org/W4293213133","https://openalex.org/W4298004188","https://openalex.org/W4302286670","https://openalex.org/W4303946512","https://openalex.org/W4303953748","https://openalex.org/W4307573852","https://openalex.org/W4310813919","https://openalex.org/W4313562219","https://openalex.org/W4313568932","https://openalex.org/W4315783407","https://openalex.org/W4319319526","https://openalex.org/W4320801456","https://openalex.org/W4323644167","https://openalex.org/W4391431402","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6746514494","https://openalex.org/W6747218270","https://openalex.org/W6838822234","https://openalex.org/W6838913203","https://openalex.org/W6839436057","https://openalex.org/W6846188826","https://openalex.org/W6852889692"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2731899572","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W3215138031","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W3009238340","https://openalex.org/W4360585206","https://openalex.org/W4321369474","https://openalex.org/W4285208911","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W3046775127"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,6,10,25,65,92,96,103,121,139,170,175],"world":[2],"gradually":[3],"recovers":[4],"from":[5,110],"impacts":[7],"of":[8,14,27,67,70,95,123,141,150,161,177],"COVID-19,":[9],"recent":[11,124],"global":[12],"spread":[13],"Monkeypox":[15,178],"disease":[16,40,134,186],"has":[17],"raised":[18],"concerns":[19],"about":[20],"another":[21],"potential":[22],"pandemic,":[23],"highlighting":[24],"urgency":[26],"early":[28],"detection":[29],"and":[30,48,63,82,98,167,188,194],"intervention":[31],"to":[32,61,114,145,157,163,168],"curb":[33],"its":[34],"transmission.":[35],"Deep":[36],"Learning":[37,58],"(DL)":[38],"based":[39],"prediction":[41],"presents":[42],"a":[43,159],"promising":[44],"solution,":[45],"offering":[46],"affordable":[47],"accessible":[49],"diagnostic":[50,135],"services.":[51],"In":[52],"this":[53,87],"study,":[54],"we":[55,147],"harnessed":[56],"Transfer":[57],"(TL)":[59],"techniques":[60],"tweak":[62],"assess":[64],"performance":[66,131],"an":[68,111,115],"array":[69],"six":[71],"different":[72],"DL":[73],"models,":[74],"encompassing":[75],"VGG16,":[76],"InceptionResNetV2,":[77],"ResNet50,":[78],"ResNet101,":[79],"MobileNetV2,":[80],"VGG19,":[81],"Vision":[83],"Transformer":[84],"(ViT).":[85],"Among":[86],"diverse":[88],"collection,":[89],"it":[90],"was":[91],"modified":[93],"versions":[94],"VGG19":[97],"MobileNetV2":[99],"models":[100,136],"that":[101,127],"outshone":[102],"others,":[104],"boasting":[105],"striking":[106],"accuracy":[107],"rates":[108],"ranging":[109],"impressive":[112],"93%":[113],"astounding":[116],"99%.":[117],"Our":[118],"results":[119],"echo":[120],"findings":[122,181],"research":[125],"endeavours":[126],"similarly":[128],"showcased":[129],"enhanced":[130],"when":[132],"developing":[133],"armed":[137],"with":[138,174],"power":[140],"TL.":[142],"To":[143],"add":[144],"this,":[146],"made":[148],"use":[149],"Local":[151],"Interpretable":[152],"Model":[153],"Agnostic":[154],"Explanations":[155],"(LIME)":[156],"lend":[158],"sense":[160],"transparency":[162],"our":[164],"model\u2019s":[165],"predictions,":[166],"identify":[169],"crucial":[171],"features":[172],"correlating":[173],"onset":[176],"disease.":[179],"These":[180],"offer":[182],"significant":[183],"implications":[184],"for":[185],"prevention":[187],"control":[189],"efforts,":[190],"particularly":[191],"in":[192],"remote":[193],"resource-limited":[195],"areas.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}